Angular 2 Testing Component Gives "Error: Uncaught (in promise): Error: Template parse errors"

Question

我最近制作了一个包含多个组件和服务的 ng2（使用 2.0.1）应用程序。我正在测试 (Karma Jasmine) 我的 HeaderComponent 其中包含我的 UserService （它使用扩展的 Http class） .

我已经复制了 Angular.io Docs 中的简单测试来监视服务并等待组件初始化后检查服务功能及其内容是否已被触发。 每次我运行最后一次测试使用 fakeAsync（和异步）检查 header.component 中 currentUser 变量的内容时，我收到以下错误.. .

 Error: Uncaught (in promise): Error: Template parse errors:
    'header-section' is not a known element:
    1. If 'header-section' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
    2. If 'header-section' is a Web Component then add "CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA" to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component to suppress this message. ("
      [ERROR ->]<header-section></header-section>
      <router-outlet></router-outlet>
      <footer-section></footer-sectio"): AppComponent@1:2
    'router-outlet' is not a known element:
    1. If 'router-outlet' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
    2. If 'router-outlet' is a Web Component then add "CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA" to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component to suppress this message. ("
      <header-section></header-section>
      [ERROR ->]<router-outlet></router-outlet>
      <footer-section></footer-section>"): AppComponent@2:2
    'footer-section' is not a known element:
    1. If 'footer-section' is an Angular component, then verify that it is part of this module.
    2. If 'footer-section' is a Web Component then add "CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA" to the '@NgModule.schemas' of this component to suppress this message. ("
      <header-section></header-section>
      <router-outlet></router-outlet>
      [ERROR ->]<footer-section></footer-section>"): AppComponent@3:2

这些选择器来自我的 AppComponent...

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  moduleId: module.id,
  template: `
  <header-section></header-section>
  <router-outlet></router-outlet>
  <footer-section></footer-section>`
})

export class AppComponent {

  constructor() {}

  test(): string {
    return 'this is a test';
  }
}

我的header.component.spec...

import { Http, Request, RequestOptionsArgs, Response, XHRBackend, RequestOptions, ConnectionBackend, Headers } from '@angular/http';
import { HttpIntercept } from '../../services/auth/auth.service';


import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { HttpModule, JsonpModule } from '@angular/http';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';

import { RouterTestingModule } from "@angular/router/testing";
import { appRoutes } from '../../routes';

import { Cookie } from 'ng2-cookies/ng2-cookies';

import { AppComponent } from '../app/app.component';
import { HeaderComponent } from './header.component';
import { FooterComponent } from '../footer/footer.component';
import { HomeComponent }        from '../home/home.component';
import { Four0FourComponent }   from '../404/four0four.component';
import { UserProfileComponent }   from '../user-profile/user-profile.component';

import { UserService } from '../../services/user/user.service';
import { ClockService } from '../../services/clock/clock.service';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';

import { TestBed, async, fakeAsync, tick } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';

import { User } from '../../models/user/user.model';

class MockRouter { public navigate() { }; }

describe('HeaderComponent Test', () => {
  let fixture;
  let comp;
  let userService;
  let spy;

  let user = new User({
    _id: 123456,
    userName: 'testName',
    firstName: 'testFirst',
    lastName: 'testLast',
    email: 'test@email.com',
    create: 'now',
    role: 'user'
  });

  beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      imports: [
        BrowserModule,
        HttpModule,
        FormsModule,
        JsonpModule,
        RouterTestingModule.withRoutes(appRoutes)
      ],
      declarations: [
        HomeComponent,
        UserProfileComponent,
        Four0FourComponent,
        FooterComponent,
        HeaderComponent,
        AppComponent
      ],
      providers: [
        {
          provide: Http,
          useFactory: (
            backend: XHRBackend,
            defaultOptions: RequestOptions) =>
            new HttpIntercept(backend, defaultOptions),
          deps: [XHRBackend, RequestOptions]
        },
        Cookie
      ]
    });

    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(HeaderComponent);
    comp = fixture.componentInstance;

    userService = fixture.debugElement.injector.get(UserService);

    spy = spyOn(userService, 'getMe')
      .and.returnValue(Observable.of(user));

  });

  it('should instantiate component', () => {
    expect(fixture.componentInstance instanceof HeaderComponent).toBe(true);
  });

  it('should not show currentUser before OnInit', () => {
    expect(spy.calls.any()).toBe(false, 'getMe not yet called');
  });

  it('should still not show currentUser after component initialized', () => {
    // Set cookie token, for the getMe to call
    Cookie.set('token', 'test_token_alpha');

    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(spy.calls.any()).toBe(true, 'getMe called');
  });

  //The problem test is bellow
  it('should show currentUser after getMe promise', fakeAsync(() => {  
    fixture.detectChanges();
    tick();
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(comp.currentUser).toEqual(user);
  }));
});

这是我的 header.component...

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Cookie }    from 'ng2-cookies/ng2-cookies';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import 'rxjs/add/observable/interval';

import { UserService }  from '../../services/user/user.service';
import { ClockService } from '../../services/clock/clock.service';

import { User } from '../../models/user/user.model';

@Component({
  selector: 'header-section',
  providers: [
    UserService,
    ClockService
  ],
  moduleId: module.id,
  template: `
  <style>
    header{
      background: rgb(55, 129, 215);
      position: relative;
    }
    .user-sign{
      position: absolute;
      top:0;
      right:0;
      margin: 23px 5%;
    }
    .app-title{
      font-family: cursive;
      padding: 15px;
      text-align: center;
      font-size: 36px;
      color: white;
    }
    .user-sign button:hover{
      cursor: pointer;
    }
    .active{
      color: orange;
    }
  </style>
  <header>
    <a routerLink='/' routerLinkActive='active'>Home</a>
    <a routerLink='/profile' routerLinkActive='active'>Profile</a>
    <a routerLink='/yoloswaq69420blazeitfgt' routerLinkActive='active'>404</a>
    <div class='user-sign'>
      <h3 *ngIf='currentUser'>Welcome, {{currentUser.userName}}</h3>
      <button *ngIf='!currentUser' type='button' (click)='testRegisterUser()'>Sign up</button>
      <button *ngIf='!currentUser' type='button' (click)='testUser()'>Sign in</button>
      <button type='button' (click)='logout()'>Sign out</button>
    </div>
    <h1 class='app-title'>MEA2N Fullstack</h1>
  </header>`
})

export class HeaderComponent {
  errorMessage: string;
  public currentUser: User;
  clock = this.clockService.currentTime;

  constructor(private userService: UserService, private clockService: ClockService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    let token = Cookie.get('token');
    if (token)
      this.userService.getMe().subscribe(user => this.currentUser = user);
  }

  login(email: string, password: string) {
    this.userService.login(email, password)
      .subscribe(() => {
        return this.userService.getMe()
          .subscribe(user => {
            this.currentUser = user;
          })
      });
  }

  logout() {
    this.userService.logout();
    this.currentUser = null;
  }

  registerUser(username: string, email: string, password: string) {
    this.userService.signup(username, email, password)
      .subscribe(() => {
        return this.userService.getMe()
          .subscribe(user => {
            this.currentUser = user;
          })
      });
  }

  testUser() {
    this.login('jc.thomas4214@gmail.com', 'flight1855');
  }

  testRegisterUser() {
    this.registerUser('Jason', 'jc.thomas4214@gmail.com', 'flight1855');
  }
}

我怀疑这个错误是由于我初始化 TestBed.configureTestingModule() 的方式造成的。

我试过了...

重新排序 app.module 和 TestBed 模块声明
向两个模块添加模式：[CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA]

Answer 1

由于您在本例中是对 Header 组件进行单元测试，因此无需包含其他模块和组件

TestBed 可以如下所示：

beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
        imports: [
            AppModule
        ],
        providers: [
            {provide: UserService, useClass: MockUserService},
            {provide: ClockService, useClass: MockClockService}
        ]
    });
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(HeaderComponent);
});

在此示例中，服务已被模拟，但它们也可以被监视，因为您已为 UserService 正确完成

Angular 2 Testing Component Gives "Error: Uncaught (in promise): Error: Template parse errors"

Angular 2 Testing Component Gives "Error: Uncaught (in promise): Error: Template parse errors"

unit-testing

angular

angular2-testing