c# web api 无法从网络调用
c# web api can't call from web
我有一个 web api
解决方案,其中包含一些 模型 和 控制器 。
这是我的模型的示例:
public class Category
{
[Key]
public int Id { get; set; }
[Required]
public string Name { get; set; }
}
这是他的控制器:
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
private FrigoWebServiceContext db = new FrigoWebServiceContext();
// GET: api/Categories
[HttpGet]
public string GetCategories()
{
return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(db.Categories.ToList());
}
// GET: api/Categories/5
[ResponseType(typeof(string))]
public string GetCategory(int id)
{
Category category = db.Categories.Find(id);
if (category == null)
{
return null;
}
string jsonCategory = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(category);
return jsonCategory;
}
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
db.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
private bool CategoryExists(int id)
{
return db.Categories.Count(e => e.Id == id) > 0;
}
}
现在,这是 配置:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "GetId",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}"
//defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "GetAll",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}"
//defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
但是调用以下站点我没有得到任何信息
注意:我使用 IIS 发布了带有“myAppName
”路径名
的api
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/CategoriesController
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/CategoriesController/0
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Category
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Category/0
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/CategoriesController/GetCategories
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Category/GetCategories
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Categories
但这些都不起作用
这是错误:
Error HTTP 404.0 - Not Found Desired resource has been removed,
renamed or it's temporally unavaible
我在网上看到了一些问题,我尝试使用它们,但我不明白为什么这不起作用。
任何帮助将不胜感激,这是我第一次使用 WebApi
这是我的Web.Config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
</configSections>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="FrigoWebServiceContext" connectionString= [***] />
</connectionStrings>
<appSettings></appSettings>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
<httpModules>
<add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web" />
</httpModules>
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
<remove name="OPTIONSVerbHandler" />
<remove name="TRACEVerbHandler" />
<add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="*" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
</handlers>
<validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
<modules>
<remove name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" />
<add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web" preCondition="managedHandler" />
</modules>
</system.webServer>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-9.0.0.0" newVersion="9.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
<system.codedom>
<compilers>
<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:6 /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
<compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:14 /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\"Web\" /optionInfer+" />
</compilers>
</system.codedom>
<entityFramework>
<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" />
<providers>
<provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
</providers>
</entityFramework>
</configuration>
如果您没有使用 Route attribute 来指定/覆盖方法名称并且您没有在路由中指定默认方法名称,则 Web API 使用默认动作动词 Get
, Post
, Put
, Delete
作为方法名。这意味着您必须像这样更改方法:
仅查看方法名称的变化,不要注意 return 类型,这是我对您的示例代码的另一个抱怨。您应该让 Web API 框架默认使用配置的序列化程序,而不是 return 字符串,而是 return IHttpActionResult
。为什么以及如何超出这个问题的范围,但我不会通过在方法签名上将字符串保留为 return 类型来延续不良做法。
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
public IHttpActionResult Get()
// or to pass in an an int and return only 1 category
[HttpGet]
public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
现在可以这样调用 api
/Api/Categories/
- 或
/Api/Categories/128
与第二种方法
如果您想使用这 4 个方法名称以外的方法名称 (get/put/post/delete),那么您可以在 WebApiConfig.cs
中更改路由或使用 Route attribute.
对于 WebApiConfig.cs 只有改变你可以这样做:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "Get",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}"
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
现在可以这样调用 api
/Api/Categories/GetCategories/
/Api/Categories/GetCategory/1234
如果你想使用 Route attribute 你可以这样做:
[RoutePrefix("api/categories"]
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
[Route("")]
public IHttpActionResult GetCategories()
[HttpGet]
[Route("{id:int}")]
public IHttpActionResult GetCategory(int id)
现在可以这样调用 api
/Api/Categories/
- 或
/Api/Categories/128
与第二种方法
编辑
根据下面的评论... 另见 。将 UrlRoutingModule
添加到 web.config
解决了这个问题,因为它是由那个和路由配置引起的..
我有一个 web api
解决方案,其中包含一些 模型 和 控制器 。
这是我的模型的示例:
public class Category
{
[Key]
public int Id { get; set; }
[Required]
public string Name { get; set; }
}
这是他的控制器:
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
private FrigoWebServiceContext db = new FrigoWebServiceContext();
// GET: api/Categories
[HttpGet]
public string GetCategories()
{
return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(db.Categories.ToList());
}
// GET: api/Categories/5
[ResponseType(typeof(string))]
public string GetCategory(int id)
{
Category category = db.Categories.Find(id);
if (category == null)
{
return null;
}
string jsonCategory = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(category);
return jsonCategory;
}
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
db.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
private bool CategoryExists(int id)
{
return db.Categories.Count(e => e.Id == id) > 0;
}
}
现在,这是 配置:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "GetId",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}"
//defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "GetAll",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}"
//defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
但是调用以下站点我没有得到任何信息
注意:我使用 IIS 发布了带有“myAppName
”路径名
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/CategoriesController
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/CategoriesController/0
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Category
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Category/0
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/CategoriesController/GetCategories
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Category/GetCategories
- http://localhost/myAppName/Api/Categories
但这些都不起作用
这是错误:
Error HTTP 404.0 - Not Found Desired resource has been removed, renamed or it's temporally unavaible
我在网上看到了一些问题,我尝试使用它们,但我不明白为什么这不起作用。
任何帮助将不胜感激,这是我第一次使用 WebApi
这是我的Web.Config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
</configSections>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="FrigoWebServiceContext" connectionString= [***] />
</connectionStrings>
<appSettings></appSettings>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
<httpModules>
<add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web" />
</httpModules>
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
<remove name="OPTIONSVerbHandler" />
<remove name="TRACEVerbHandler" />
<add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="*" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
</handlers>
<validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false" />
<modules>
<remove name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" />
<add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web" preCondition="managedHandler" />
</modules>
</system.webServer>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-9.0.0.0" newVersion="9.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
<system.codedom>
<compilers>
<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:6 /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
<compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:14 /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\"Web\" /optionInfer+" />
</compilers>
</system.codedom>
<entityFramework>
<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" />
<providers>
<provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
</providers>
</entityFramework>
</configuration>
如果您没有使用 Route attribute 来指定/覆盖方法名称并且您没有在路由中指定默认方法名称,则 Web API 使用默认动作动词 Get
, Post
, Put
, Delete
作为方法名。这意味着您必须像这样更改方法:
仅查看方法名称的变化,不要注意 return 类型,这是我对您的示例代码的另一个抱怨。您应该让 Web API 框架默认使用配置的序列化程序,而不是 return 字符串,而是 return IHttpActionResult
。为什么以及如何超出这个问题的范围,但我不会通过在方法签名上将字符串保留为 return 类型来延续不良做法。
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
public IHttpActionResult Get()
// or to pass in an an int and return only 1 category
[HttpGet]
public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
现在可以这样调用 api
/Api/Categories/
- 或
/Api/Categories/128
与第二种方法
如果您想使用这 4 个方法名称以外的方法名称 (get/put/post/delete),那么您可以在 WebApiConfig.cs
中更改路由或使用 Route attribute.
对于 WebApiConfig.cs 只有改变你可以这样做:
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "Get",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}"
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
现在可以这样调用 api
/Api/Categories/GetCategories/
/Api/Categories/GetCategory/1234
如果你想使用 Route attribute 你可以这样做:
[RoutePrefix("api/categories"]
public class CategoriesController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
[Route("")]
public IHttpActionResult GetCategories()
[HttpGet]
[Route("{id:int}")]
public IHttpActionResult GetCategory(int id)
现在可以这样调用 api
/Api/Categories/
- 或
/Api/Categories/128
与第二种方法
编辑
根据下面的评论... 另见 。将 UrlRoutingModule
添加到 web.config
解决了这个问题,因为它是由那个和路由配置引起的..