使用perl从文件中提取数据

extracting data from a file using perl

在 Shell 脚本中使用 Perl,我试图从名为 "Fruit.txt" 的文本文件中提取单词 "apple"(该文件包含不同水果的名称)

为此我创建了一个脚本如下:

#!/usr/bin/perl
$t = 'cat Fruit.txt';

我现在如何使用 grep -o 从该文件中提取子字符串(在本例中为 apple)。谢谢

正道

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict; use warnings;

my $fic = './Fruit.txt';

open my $fh, "<", $fic
    or die("An error hapenned opening file\n");

while (<$fh>) {
    print if /Apple/i;
}

close $fic;

或:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict; use warnings;

while (<>) {
    print if /Apple/i;
}

用法:

./script.pl Fruits.txt

或者更简洁的方式:

perl -ne 'print if /whatever/' file

你似乎尝试过的糟糕方法(不可移植):

my $file = qx(cat Fruits.txt);

my $file = `cat Fruits.txt`;
           ~              ~

注意反引号

# Rather than rely on the external program cat
# you can "slurp" the contents of Fruits.txt into $t.

open my $fh, "<", "Fruits.txt";
my $t = do { local $/; <$fh> };
close $fh;    


# The following is true if 'apple' appears anywhere in $t
# (it will also match 'apples', 'grappled', etc...)

if($t =~ /apple/){
    print "There is an apple!\n";
}

# If Fruits.txt is more structured, you can also do things like:    

print "There is a !\n" if $t =~ /^fruit=(.+)/;

我建议阅读 perlrequick 以了解有关正则表达式的更多信息。

Perl 行命令"ultra lazy" 技巧:

perl -e 'while(<>){print "\n$_\n" if $_ =~ /whatever/}' <FILE_PATH>

:V