SQL 服务器查询汇总数据

Question

我有以下 SQL 声明。它连接了三个表：Person、Deliverable 和 DeliverableActions

select 
    p.first_name, p. last_name, d.title, da.type 
from 
    Deliverable d
right join 
    Person p on d.person_responsible_id = p.id
right join 
    DeliverableAction da on da.DeliverableID = d.id
where 
    d.date_deadline >= @startDate and
    d.date_deadline <= @endDate
order by 
    d.title

结果如下：

first_name | last_name   | title        | type
-----------+-------------+--------------+------
Joe        | Kewl        | My_Report_1  | 2
Joe        | Kewl        | My_Report_1  | 3
Joe        | Kewl        | My_Report_1  | 1
Sly        | Foxx        | Other_Rep_1  | 1
Sly        | Foxx        | Other_Rep_1  | 2

我的目标结果是得到下表：

first_name | last_name  | title        | type_1 | type_2 | type_3 | type_4
-----------+------------+--------------+--------+--------+--------+---------
Joe        | Kewl       | My_report_1  | 1      | 1      | 1      | 0
Sly        | Foxx       | Other_Rep_1  | 1      | 1      | 0      | 0

不幸的是，我不知道用什么词来形容我在做什么。我搜索了 'grouping' 和 'aggregation'，但没有找到答案，所以我将其发布到社区。预先感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

你可以用case based aggregation或者你也可以用pivot

select p.first_name, 
       p. last_name, 
       d.title, 
       sum(case when da.type = 1 then 1 else 0 end) as type_1,
       sum(case when da.type = 2 then 1 else 0 end) as type_2,
       sum(case when da.type = 3 then 1 else 0 end) as type_3,
       sum(case when da.type = 4 then 1 else 0 end) as type_4,
    from Deliverable d
    right join Person p on d.person_responsible_id = p.id
    right join DeliverableAction da on da.DeliverableID = d.id
    where d.date_deadline >= @startDate and
          d.date_deadline <= @endDate
    group by p.first_name, p.last_name, d.title

Answer 2

select
first_name, last_name, title,
sum(case when type = 1 then 1 else 0 end) as type_1
from 
(
select p.first_name, p. last_name, d.title, da.type from Deliverable d
right join Person p on d.person_responsible_id = p.id
right join DeliverableAction da on da.DeliverableID = d.id
where d.date_deadline >= @startDate and
      d.date_deadline <= @endDate
 ) as a
 group by first_name, last_name, title

Answer 3

您正在寻找 PIVOT

如果您使用的是 SQL Server 2008+，它具有 http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177410%28v=sql.105%29.aspx

中所述的数据透视功能

基本上，您可以这样写（抱歉，我只是粘贴了引用的 link 中的示例，但这应该能让您有所了解）：

-- Pivot table with one row and five columns
SELECT 'AverageCost' AS Cost_Sorted_By_Production_Days, 
[0], [1], [2], [3], [4]
FROM
(SELECT DaysToManufacture, StandardCost 
    FROM Production.Product) AS SourceTable
PIVOT
(
AVG(StandardCost)
FOR DaysToManufacture IN ([0], [1], [2], [3], [4])
) AS PivotTable;

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