是否有一种预定义的方法可以跳过导致 Nothing 的计算?

Is there a a predefined way to skip calculations that result in Nothing?

我有这三个功能

a :: Int -> Maybe Int
a i = if i < 100 then Just i else Nothing

b :: Int -> Maybe Int
b i = if i < 50 then Just i else Nothing

c :: Int -> Maybe Int
c i = if i > 0 then Just i else Nothing

我想将它们链接在一起,这样当一个函数的结果导致 Nothing 时,返回该函数的输入。

我可以用这个函数实现:

import Data.Maybe (fromMaybe)

e :: Int -> [Int -> Maybe Int] -> Int
e i [] = i
e i (f:fs) = e (fromMaybe i $ f i) fs

-

*Main> e 75 [a,b,c]
75

基础库中是否存在表现出此行为的函数、Monad 实例或其他方式?

您在寻找 maybe monad 吗?

*Main> let f x = a x >>= b >>= c >> return x
*Main> f 1
Just 1
*Main> f 100
Nothing
*Main>

然后,如果结果为 Nothing,我们可以使用 fromMaybe(或只是 maybeid,同样的事情)达到您想要的最终状态:

*Main> let g x = maybe x id (f x)
*Main> g 100
100

好吧,您可以从 a -> Maybe a:

创建一个 a -> a
repair :: (a -> Maybe a) -> a -> a
repair f x = fromMaybe x (f x)

之后,您可以将 (.)repair 组合起来:

andThen :: (a -> Maybe a) -> (a -> Maybe a) -> a -> a
andThen f g = repair g . repair f

但是没有相应的库函数,因为没有通用的方法从 Monad.

中获取值

扩展我上面的评论——这种方法与 OP 发布的代码没有太大区别。

我们首先定义如何将函数a -> Maybe a转换为a -> a,将输入替换为Nothing

totalize :: (a -> Maybe a) -> (a -> a)
totalize f x = fromMaybe x (f x)

然后,我们利用上面的:我们让每个函数 "total"(意思是没有-Nothings),把它包装成一个 Endo,然后我们组成自同态列表(mconcatEndo 幺半群中的组合)。

e :: [a -> Maybe a] -> a -> a
e = appEndo . mconcat . map (Endo . totalize)

甚至(如下所示)

e :: Foldable t => t (a -> Maybe a) -> a -> a
e = appEndo . foldMap (Endo . totalize)