c#构造函数未被调用

Question

我的代码只打印：

welcome to battleship

但船坐标或船已创建甚至结尾 "Press any key to exit" 未打印。

我怀疑构造函数，看起来它没有被调用，但为什么我的程序正在计数而不是崩溃？

我运行使用 Xamarin Studio Mac 上的代码。

代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace battleship
{
    class MainClass
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("welcome to battleship");

            EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification cruiser = EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification.theCruiser;
            Coordinate startCoordinate = new Coordinate(5, 5);
            EnumDirection.Direction direction = EnumDirection.Direction.west;

            Ship ship = new Ship(cruiser, startCoordinate, direction);
            Console.WriteLine("ship created"); // @debug
            Console.WriteLine("all coords: " + ship.coordinates);

            //@end
            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    public class Ship
    {
        public int size; // values from wikipedia
        public int amount; // values from wikipedia
        public List<Coordinate> coordinates = new List<Coordinate>();

        public EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification classification;
        public Ship(EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification classification, Coordinate startCoordinate, EnumDirection.Direction toDirection)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Ship Constructor called "); // @debug
            this.classification = classification;
            Console.WriteLine("classification added"); // @debug

            switch (classification)
            {
                case EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification.theBattleship: size = 5; amount = 1; break;
                case EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification.theCruiser: size = 4; amount = 2; break;
                case EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification.theDestroyer: size = 3; amount = 3; break;
                case EnumShipClassification.ShipClassification.theSubmarine: size = 2; amount = 4; break;
                default: break;
            }

            Console.WriteLine("switch ended with size {0} and amout {1}", size, amount);

            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
            {
                coordinates.Add(startCoordinate.advancedBy(i, toDirection));
                Console.WriteLine("i is: " + i); // @debug
            }
        }
    }

public class EnumDirection
{
    public enum Direction
    {
        north, south, east, west // + all (Direction[] array with content [.n, .s, .e, .w]
    }

    public Direction[] all = { Direction.north, Direction.south, Direction.east, Direction.west };
}

    public class EnumShipClassification
    {
        public enum ShipClassification // numbers: BoatSize
        {
            theBattleship = 5, theCruiser = 4, theDestroyer = 3, theSubmarine = 2
        }
    }


public class Coordinate
    {
        public int row;
        public int column;

        private int fieldSize = 10;

        public void init()
        {
            row = 0;
            column = 0;
        }

        public Coordinate invalid = new Coordinate(-1, -1);

        public Coordinate(int row, int column)
        {
            this.row = row;
            this.column = column;
        }

        public Coordinate getRandomCoordinate(int betweenX, int Y)
        {
            Random r = new Random(fieldSize);
            return new Coordinate(r.Next(), r.Next());
        }

        public Coordinate neighbor(EnumDirection.Direction inDirection)
        {
            return advancedBy(1, inDirection: inDirection);
        }

        public Coordinate advancedBy(int displacement, EnumDirection.Direction inDirection)
        {
            switch (inDirection)
            {
                case EnumDirection.Direction.north: return new Coordinate(column: column, row: row + displacement);
                case EnumDirection.Direction.south: return new Coordinate(column: column, row: row - displacement);
                case EnumDirection.Direction.east: return new Coordinate(column: column + displacement, row: row);
                case EnumDirection.Direction.west: return new Coordinate(column: column - displacement, row: row);

                default: break; // never happens
            }
            return null; // never happens
        }

        public string description
        {
            get
            {
                return "column: " + column + ", row: " + row;
            }
        }

        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
            if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;

            try
            {
                Coordinate _obj = (Coordinate)obj;
                return _obj.row == this.row && _obj.column == this.column;
            }
            catch
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            return 1; // TODO: return a real value
        }

        public static bool operator ==(Coordinate lhs, Coordinate rhs)
        {
            return lhs.row == rhs.row && lhs.column == rhs.column;
        }

        public static bool operator !=(Coordinate lhs, Coordinate rhs)
        {
            return lhs.row != rhs.row && lhs.column != rhs.column;
        }
    }

Answer 1

改变

public Coordinate invalid = new Coordinate(-1, -1);

至

public static Coordinate invalid = new Coordinate(-1, -1);

public Coordinate invalid = new Coordinate(-1, -1); 导致堆栈溢出。那是因为新坐标在 Coordinate class 内部初始化，所以每次都必须创建新坐标。将字段设为静态，以便创建一次并可用于所有实例。

如果引用不应更改，您还可以添加 readyonly 关键字。

public readonly static Coordinate invalid = new Coordinate(-1, -1);

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