Laravel 5: 当请求需要时处理异常 JSON

Laravel 5: Handle exceptions when request wants JSON

我正在 Laravel 5 通过 AJAX 上传文件。除了一件事,我几乎所有的东西都在工作。

当我尝试上传太大的文件(大于 upload_max_filesizepost_max_size 时,我抛出了 TokenMismatchException。

然而,这是意料之中的,因为我知道如果超过这些限制,我的输入将为空。空输入,意味着没有收到 _token 因此为什么负责验证 CSRF 令牌的中间件大惊小怪。

然而,我的问题不是抛出此异常,而是它的呈现方式。当此异常被 Laravel 捕获时,它会为通用 Whoops 页面吐出 HTML(由于我处于调试模式,因此有大量堆栈跟踪)。

处理此异常的最佳方法是什么,以便在 AJAX 上返回 JSON(或在请求 JSON 时),同时保持默认行为?


编辑: 无论抛出异常如何,这似乎都会发生。我刚刚尝试通过 AJAX(数据类型:JSON)向不存在的 'page' 发出请求,试图获得 404,同样的事情发生了 - [=返回 31=],没有任何 JSON 友好。

在您的应用程序中,您应该有 app/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php。在该文件中,您可以处理中间件的运行方式。因此,您可以检查请求是否为 ajax 并按您喜欢的方式处理。

或者,可能更好的解决方案是将异常处理程序编辑为 return json。请参阅 app/exceptions/Handler.php,类似下面的内容将是一个起点

public function render($request, Exception $e)
{
    if ($request->ajax() || $request->wantsJson())
    {
        $json = [
            'success' => false,
            'error' => [
                'code' => $e->getCode(),
                'message' => $e->getMessage(),
            ],
        ];

        return response()->json($json, 400);
    }

    return parent::render($request, $e);
}

考虑到@Wader 给出的答案和@Tyler Crompton 的评论,我将自己尝试一下:

app/Exceptions/Handler.php

/**
 * Render an exception into an HTTP response.
 *
 * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
 * @param  \Exception $e
 * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
 */
public function render($request, Exception $e)
{
    // If the request wants JSON (AJAX doesn't always want JSON)
    if ($request->wantsJson()) {
        // Define the response
        $response = [
            'errors' => 'Sorry, something went wrong.'
        ];

        // If the app is in debug mode
        if (config('app.debug')) {
            // Add the exception class name, message and stack trace to response
            $response['exception'] = get_class($e); // Reflection might be better here
            $response['message'] = $e->getMessage();
            $response['trace'] = $e->getTrace();
        }

        // Default response of 400
        $status = 400;

        // If this exception is an instance of HttpException
        if ($this->isHttpException($e)) {
            // Grab the HTTP status code from the Exception
            $status = $e->getStatusCode();
        }

        // Return a JSON response with the response array and status code
        return response()->json($response, $status);
    }

    // Default to the parent class' implementation of handler
    return parent::render($request, $e);
}

基于@Jonathon 的处理程序呈现函数,我将修改条件以排除 ValidationException 实例。

// If the request wants JSON + exception is not ValidationException
if ($request->wantsJson() && ( ! $exception instanceof ValidationException))

Laravel 5 returns 验证错误 JSON 已经在适当的情况下。

App/Exceptions/Handler中的完整方法。php:

/**
 * Render an exception into an HTTP response.
 *
 * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
 * @param  \Exception  $exception
 * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
 */
public function render($request, Exception $exception)
{
    // If the request wants JSON + exception is not ValidationException
    if ($request->wantsJson() && ( ! $exception instanceof ValidationException))
    {
        // Define the response
        $response = [
            'errors' => 'Sorry, something went wrong.'
        ];

        // If the app is in debug mode
        if (config('app.debug'))
        {
            // Add the exception class name, message and stack trace to response
            $response['exception'] = get_class($exception); // Reflection might be better here
            $response['message'] = $exception->getMessage();
            $response['trace'] = $exception->getTrace();
        }

        // Default response of 400
        $status = 400;

        // If this exception is an instance of HttpException
        if ($this->isHttpException($exception))
        {
            // Grab the HTTP status code from the Exception
            $status = $exception->getCode();
        }

        // Return a JSON response with the response array and status code
        return response()->json($response, $status);
    }
    return parent::render($request, $exception);
}

使用@Jonathon 的代码,这是 Laravel/Lumen 5.3 的快速修复:)

/**
 * Render an exception into an HTTP response.
 *
 * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
 * @param  \Exception $e
 * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
 */
public function render($request, Exception $e)
{
    // If the request wants JSON (AJAX doesn't always want JSON)
    if ($request->wantsJson())
    {
        // Define the response
        $response = [
            'errors' => 'Sorry, something went wrong.'
        ];

        // If the app is in debug mode
        if (config('app.debug'))
        {
            // Add the exception class name, message and stack trace to response
            $response['exception'] = get_class($e); // Reflection might be better here
            $response['message'] = $e->getMessage();
            $response['trace'] = $e->getTrace();
        }

        // Default response of 400
        $status = 400;

        // If this exception is an instance of HttpException
        if ($e instanceof HttpException)
        {
            // Grab the HTTP status code from the Exception
            $status = $e->getStatusCode();
        }

        // Return a JSON response with the response array and status code
        return response()->json($response, $status);
    }

    // Default to the parent class' implementation of handler
    return parent::render($request, $e);
}

我更改了此处找到的几个实现以在 Laravel 5.3 上运行。 主要区别在于我的 return 正确的 HTTP 状态文本

在 app\Exceptions\Handler.php 的 render() 函数中,将此代码段添加到顶部:

    if ($request->wantsJson()) {
        return $this->renderExceptionAsJson($request, $exception);
    }

renderExceptionAsJson 的内容:

/**
 * Render an exception into a JSON response
 *
 * @param $request
 * @param Exception $exception
 * @return SymfonyResponse
 */
protected function renderExceptionAsJson($request, Exception $exception)
{
    // Currently converts AuthorizationException to 403 HttpException
    // and ModelNotFoundException to 404 NotFoundHttpException
    $exception = $this->prepareException($exception);
    // Default response
    $response = [
        'error' => 'Sorry, something went wrong.'
    ];

    // Add debug info if app is in debug mode
    if (config('app.debug')) {
        // Add the exception class name, message and stack trace to response
        $response['exception'] = get_class($exception); // Reflection might be better here
        $response['message'] = $exception->getMessage();
        $response['trace'] = $exception->getTrace();
    }

    $status = 400;
    // Build correct status codes and status texts
    switch ($exception) {
        case $exception instanceof ValidationException:
            return $this->convertValidationExceptionToResponse($exception, $request);
        case $exception instanceof AuthenticationException:
            $status = 401;
            $response['error'] = Response::$statusTexts[$status];
            break;
        case $this->isHttpException($exception):
            $status = $exception->getStatusCode();
            $response['error'] = Response::$statusTexts[$status];
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }

    return response()->json($response, $status);
}

您可以像这样轻松捕捉 err.response:

axios.post().then().catch(function(err){


 console.log(err.response);  //is what you want

};

我的方式:


    // App\Exceptions\Handler.php
    public function render($request, Throwable $e) {
        if($request->is('api/*')) {
            // Setting Accept header to 'application/json', the parent::render
            // automatically transform your request to json format.
            $request->headers->set('Accept', 'application/json');
        }
        return parent::render($request, $e);
    }

在 Laravel 8.x 中,你可以做到

app/Http/Exceptions/Handler.php

public function render($request, Throwable $exception)
{
    if ($request->wantsJson()) {
        return parent::prepareJsonResponse($request, $exception);
    }

    return parent::render($request, $exception);
}

如果你想总是 return JSON 对于所有例外情况,只需始终调用 parent::prepareJsonResponse 并删除 parent::render.

当 JSON 使用 APP_DEBUG=true 呈现时,您将获得完整的错误报告和堆栈跟踪。当 APP_DEBUG=false 时,您会收到一条通用消息,以免意外暴露应用程序详细信息。