MapView 搞砸了我的片段交易?

MapView messed up my fragment transactions?

我有一个带有地图视图的片段。我可以从操作栏中打开另一个片段(称之为 listfragment),它工作正常。但是如果我旋转屏幕,然后尝试打开 listfragment,它不会加载,地图视图会按时闪烁(视图中的地图变为空白然后再次出现)。如果我尝试通过单击操作栏上的菜单项再次加载列表片段,应用程序会崩溃并显示

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Fragment already added:

加载片段的 MainActivity 部分:

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        mNewTrackFragment = (NewTrackFragment) getFragmentManager()
                .findFragmentByTag(TAG_NEW_TRACK_FRAGMENT);
        if (mNewTrackFragment == null) {
            mNewTrackFragment = NewTrackFragment.newInstance();
        }
        FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
        fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                .add(R.id.fragment_container, mNewTrackFragment)
                .commit();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        int id = item.getItemId();

        if (id == R.id.action_track_list) {
            if (null == mTrackListFragment) {
                mTrackListFragment = TrackListFragment.newInstance();
            }
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                    .replace(R.id.fragment_container, mTrackListFragment, TAG_TRACK_LIST_FRAGMENT)
                    .addToBackStack(null)
                    .commit();

            return true;
        }

带有 MapView 的 NewTrackFragment 的一部分:

    public NewTrackFragment() {
}

public static NewTrackFragment newInstance() {
    NewTrackFragment fragment = new NewTrackFragment();
    return fragment;
}

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setRetainInstance(true);
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_new_track, container, false);

    mTrackTitleTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_track_title);
    mDistanceTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_distance);
    mElapsedTimeTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_elapsed_time);
    mSpeedTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_speed);
    mAscentTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_ascent);
    mDescentTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_descent);
    mAltitudeTV = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_altitude);
    mStartStopFab = (FloatingActionButton) view.findViewById(R.id.fab_startstop);
    mMapView = (MapView) view.findViewById(R.id.new_track_mapview);

    setupMapView(savedInstanceState);

    return view;
}

private void setupMapView(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    mMapView.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    mMapView.getMapAsync(this);
}

我在谷歌上搜索了一些关于它的信息,但没有找到类似的东西。

这里有几处错误。现在,在 onCreate 中调用 add 时,您不会将 TAG_NEW_TRACK_FRAGMENT 作为标记传递。因此,您要添加一个没有关联标签的 NewTrackFragment 实例,因此对 findFragmentByTag 的调用将始终 return null。本质上,每次旋转设备时都会创建一个 NewTrackFragment 的新实例。这并不好,因为 FragmentManager 的状态在设备旋转期间保留,这意味着它仍然保留您添加到它的每个 Fragment。因为您无条件调用 add,所以 FragmentManager 最终会持有 NewTrackFragment.

的多个实例

话虽如此,您应该做的是在对 add 的调用中添加标记,并且仅在您知道 FragmentManager 当前未持有一个时才调用 add NewTrackFragment 的实例:

mNewTrackFragment = (NewTrackFragment) getFragmentManager()
                .findFragmentByTag(TAG_NEW_TRACK_FRAGMENT);
        if (mNewTrackFragment == null) {
            mNewTrackFragment = NewTrackFragment.newInstance();
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                    .add(R.id.fragment_container, mNewTrackFragment, TAG_NEW_TRACK_FRAGMENT)
                    .commit();
        }

您可能也想对 TrackListFragment 做一些类似的事情:

if (id == R.id.action_track_list) {
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            mTrackListFragment = (TrackListFragment) fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(TAG_TRACK_LIST_FRAGMENT);
            if (null == mTrackListFragment) {
                mTrackListFragment = TrackListFragment.newInstance();
                fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                        .replace(R.id.fragment_container, mTrackListFragment, TAG_TRACK_LIST_FRAGMENT)
                        .addToBackStack(null)
                        .commit();
            }
}