Django: 对象没有属性 'was_published_recently'

Question

Django 新手，我一直在学习第一个教程，现在我在第 5 部分，即自动化测试。

按照教程进行到步骤“Fixing the Bug”，我运行测试的时候报错，如下：

   Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "D:\Python\Django\ui1\polls\tests.py", line 13, in test_was_published_recently_with_future_question
    self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)
AttributeError: 'Question' object has no attribute 'was_published_recently'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s

FAILED (errors=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...

而在教程页面中，测试显示没有错误。

Creating test database for alias 'default'...
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...

这是我的代码。

tests.py

import datetime

from django.utils import timezone
from django.test import TestCase

from .models import Question

class QuestionMethodTests(TestCase):
    def test_was_published_recently_with_future_question(self):
#should return False for questions whose pub_date is in the future.
        time = timezone.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=30)
        future_question = Question(pub_date=time)
        self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)

models.py

from django.db import models

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text= models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date=models.DateTimeField('date published')
    def __str__(self):
        return self.question_text

class Choice(models.Model):
    question= models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.choice_text

def was_published_recently(self):
    now = timezone.now()
    return now - datetime.timedelta(days=1) <= self.pub_date <= now

Answer 1

您需要将您的函数移到 class 中，它现在不属于问题 class。

class Question(models.Model):
    ...


    def was_published_recently(self):
        ...

Answer 2

在models.py中添加：

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone

Answer 3

在models.py中用以下代码替换Question模型-

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.question_text

    def was_published_recently(self):
        return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)

此外，请确保您已导入时区 -

from django.utils import timezone

Answer 4

最好的方法是退出 python shell（quit() 或 exit()）并重新启动它，然后再次尝试您的代码。那就执行吧。

Django: 对象没有属性 'was_published_recently'

Django: object has no attribute 'was_published_recently'

django

django-models

django-tests