检查字符串 includes/does 不包括来自不同列表的值

Question

listIncludedFolders = ["Criteria1"]
listExcludedFolders = ["Criteria2"]

for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root):

    proceed = False

    for each in listIncludedFolders:
        if each in dirpath:
            proceed = True

    if proceed == True:
        for each in listExcludedFolders:
            if each in dirpath:
                proceed = False

    if proceed == True:
        print(dirpath)

我正在尝试以更 pythonic 的方式实现以下代码。使用生成器，我可以设法基于单个列表的项目继续：

if any(dir in dirpath for dir in listIncludedFolders):
    print(dirpath)

...但是我无法添加第二个比较。我在下面管理了一个附加条件，但我需要遍历附加条件列表：

if any(dir in dirpath for dir in listIncludedFolders if("Criteria2" not in dirpath)):
    print(dirpath)

我怎样才能做到这一点 'cleanly'？

Answer 1

将两个条件与 and 运算符与另一个 any 调用组合：

if any(each in dirpath for each in listIncludedFolders) and \
        not any(each in dirpath for each in listExcludedFolders):
    print(dirpath)

或另一个 and 调用（条件被否定）：

if any(each in dirpath for each in listIncludedFolders) and \
       all(each not in dirpath for each in listExcludedFolders):
    print(dirpath)

顺便说一句，(... for .. in .. if ..) 是 generator expression, not a list comrpehension。

Answer 2

这非常有效：

listIncludedFolders = ["Criteria1"]
listExcludedFolders = ["Criteria2"]

for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root):

    if any(each in dirpath for each in listIncludedFolders) and \
            not any(each in dirpath for each in listExcludedFolders):
        print(dirpath)

Answer 3

您可以避免走进一开始就被排除在外的子树。此解决方案也比原始方法更可靠，假设测试子字符串以确定文件夹的包含和排除不是本意（您真的要排除名为 "Criteria2345" 的文件夹吗？）

for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root):
    if set(dirpath.split(os.path.sep)) & set(listIncludedFolders):
        print(dirpath)
    for ex in [dnam for dnam in dirnames if dnam in listExcludedFolders]:
        dirnames.remove(ex)

但是请注意，如果 root 在排除列表中，它将在此实现中被忽略。

检查字符串 includes/does 不包括来自不同列表的值

Check string includes/does not include values from distinct lists

python

list

python-3.x

generator

os.walk