class 的 CUDA thrust::device_vector |错误
CUDA thrust::device_vector of class | error
我是 CUDA 和推力库的新手。我一直在查看有关我的问题的大量示例和问题，但是，我无法转移解决方案。
我有一个 class Cell，它应该包含一个向量 Tree（另一个 class）。
这是我的Cell.h
#pragma once
#include <thrust/host_vector.h>
#include <thrust/device_vector.h>
#include <thrust/generate.h>
#include <thrust/reduce.h>
#include <thrust/functional.h>
#include "Tree.h"
class Cell {
int idx;
float xmid, ymid;
float dx, dy;
int nTrees;
thrust::host_vector<Tree> trees;
// thrust::device_vector<Tree> trees; <-- this is what I want
public:
Cell();
Cell(int, float, float, float, float, int);
void set(int, float, float, float, float, int);
void add(float, float, float);
void add(float);
void add();
virtual ~Cell();
void print();
void copyToDev();
};
这是我的 Tree.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class Tree {
float x, y, r;
int idx;
public:
Tree();
Tree(float, float, float, int);
void set(float, float, float, int);
virtual ~Tree();
void print();
};
classes 都在扩展名为 .cu 的文件中实现。在我的 main.cu 中，我现在想初始化一个 Cell C。鉴于上面的代码，我能够编译代码（使用我以前没有使用过的 Visual Studio 2013，所以这对我来说可能是另一个问题）。
但是，如果我没记错的话，使用 host_vector 我不会使用我的 GPU。我想要的是使用 device_vector 代替。
但是如果我用 device_vector 而不是 host_vector 编译代码，我会得到以下错误
1>------ Build started: Project: WTM, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1> Cell.cu
1>c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\system\detail\error_category.inl(102): warning C4996: 'strerror': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strerror_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.
1> c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 12.0\vc\include\string.h(168) : see declaration of 'strerror'
1>c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\system\cuda\detail\bulk\detail\pointer_traits.hpp(55): warning C4800: 'unsigned int' : forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
1>c:\users\thomas\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\wtm\wtm\cell.cu(40): warning C4018: '<' : signed/unsigned mismatch
1>c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\system\cuda\detail\for_each.inl(84): error C2027: use of undefined type 'thrust::detail::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<false>'
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\for_each.inl(71) : see reference to function template instantiation 'RandomAccessIterator thrust::system::cuda::detail::for_each_n<thrust::system::cuda::detail::tag,InputIterator,Size,UnaryFunction>(thrust::system::cuda::detail::execution_policy<thrust::system::cuda::detail::tag> &,RandomAccessIterator,Size,UnaryFunction)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> RandomAccessIterator=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , InputIterator=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> , UnaryFunction=thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::gozer
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\allocator\destroy_range.inl(136) : see reference to function template instantiation 'InputIterator thrust::for_each_n<DerivedPolicy,Pointer,Size,thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::gozer>(const thrust::detail::execution_policy_base<DerivedPolicy> &,InputIterator,Size,UnaryFunction)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> InputIterator=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , DerivedPolicy=thrust::system::cuda::detail::tag
1> , Pointer=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> , UnaryFunction=thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::gozer
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\allocator\destroy_range.inl(157) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::destroy_range<Allocator,Pointer,Size>(Allocator &,Pointer,Size)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> Allocator=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> , Pointer=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\contiguous_storage.inl(256) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void thrust::detail::destroy_range<thrust::device_malloc_allocator<T>,Base,int>(Allocator &,Pointer,Size)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Base=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Allocator=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> , Pointer=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\contiguous_storage.inl(255) : while compiling class template member function 'void thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T,Alloc>::destroy(thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>,thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>)'
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\vector_base.inl(474) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T,Alloc>::destroy(thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>,thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\vector_base.inl(44) : while compiling class template member function 'thrust::detail::vector_base<T,Alloc>::vector_base(void)'
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\device_vector.h(67) : see reference to function template instantiation 'thrust::detail::vector_base<T,Alloc>::vector_base(void)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\device_vector.h(54) : see reference to class template instantiation 'thrust::detail::vector_base<T,Alloc>' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\users\thomas\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\wtm\wtm\cell.h(27) : see reference to class template instantiation 'thrust::device_vector<Tree,thrust::device_malloc_allocator<T>>' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> ]
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
我真的不知道该如何处理。也许有人可以指导我解决这个问题。提前致谢！
编辑
如前所述，我忘记了 main，这是下面的代码，在 .cu 文件中
#include "Cell.h"
int main(void)
{
Cell D(0, 0.5, 0.5, 1, 1);
D.print();
return 0;
}
减少到最小的部分。如果缺少更多信息，请告诉我。
如果您按照错误消息的提示查看定义为 thrust::system::cuda::detail::for_each_n 的文件，您会发现以下注释 (link to github)：
// we're attempting to launch a kernel, assert we're compiling with nvcc
// ========================================================================
// X Note to the user: If you've found this line due to a compiler error, X
// X you need to compile your code using nvcc, rather than g++ or cl.exe X
// ========================================================================
确保您确实在使用 nvcc 来编译您的程序，而不仅仅是尝试将 thrust 包含在使用 visual studio 编译的普通 c++ 项目中 cl.
我是 CUDA 和推力库的新手。我一直在查看有关我的问题的大量示例和问题，但是，我无法转移解决方案。
我有一个 class Cell，它应该包含一个向量 Tree（另一个 class）。
这是我的Cell.h
#pragma once
#include <thrust/host_vector.h>
#include <thrust/device_vector.h>
#include <thrust/generate.h>
#include <thrust/reduce.h>
#include <thrust/functional.h>
#include "Tree.h"
class Cell {
int idx;
float xmid, ymid;
float dx, dy;
int nTrees;
thrust::host_vector<Tree> trees;
// thrust::device_vector<Tree> trees; <-- this is what I want
public:
Cell();
Cell(int, float, float, float, float, int);
void set(int, float, float, float, float, int);
void add(float, float, float);
void add(float);
void add();
virtual ~Cell();
void print();
void copyToDev();
};
这是我的 Tree.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class Tree {
float x, y, r;
int idx;
public:
Tree();
Tree(float, float, float, int);
void set(float, float, float, int);
virtual ~Tree();
void print();
};
classes 都在扩展名为 .cu 的文件中实现。在我的 main.cu 中，我现在想初始化一个 Cell C。鉴于上面的代码，我能够编译代码（使用我以前没有使用过的 Visual Studio 2013，所以这对我来说可能是另一个问题）。
但是，如果我没记错的话，使用 host_vector 我不会使用我的 GPU。我想要的是使用 device_vector 代替。
但是如果我用 device_vector 而不是 host_vector 编译代码，我会得到以下错误
1>------ Build started: Project: WTM, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1> Cell.cu
1>c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\system\detail\error_category.inl(102): warning C4996: 'strerror': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strerror_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.
1> c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 12.0\vc\include\string.h(168) : see declaration of 'strerror'
1>c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\system\cuda\detail\bulk\detail\pointer_traits.hpp(55): warning C4800: 'unsigned int' : forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
1>c:\users\thomas\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\wtm\wtm\cell.cu(40): warning C4018: '<' : signed/unsigned mismatch
1>c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\system\cuda\detail\for_each.inl(84): error C2027: use of undefined type 'thrust::detail::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<false>'
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\for_each.inl(71) : see reference to function template instantiation 'RandomAccessIterator thrust::system::cuda::detail::for_each_n<thrust::system::cuda::detail::tag,InputIterator,Size,UnaryFunction>(thrust::system::cuda::detail::execution_policy<thrust::system::cuda::detail::tag> &,RandomAccessIterator,Size,UnaryFunction)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> RandomAccessIterator=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , InputIterator=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> , UnaryFunction=thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::gozer
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\allocator\destroy_range.inl(136) : see reference to function template instantiation 'InputIterator thrust::for_each_n<DerivedPolicy,Pointer,Size,thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::gozer>(const thrust::detail::execution_policy_base<DerivedPolicy> &,InputIterator,Size,UnaryFunction)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> InputIterator=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , DerivedPolicy=thrust::system::cuda::detail::tag
1> , Pointer=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> , UnaryFunction=thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::gozer
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\allocator\destroy_range.inl(157) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void thrust::detail::allocator_traits_detail::destroy_range<Allocator,Pointer,Size>(Allocator &,Pointer,Size)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> Allocator=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> , Pointer=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\contiguous_storage.inl(256) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void thrust::detail::destroy_range<thrust::device_malloc_allocator<T>,Base,int>(Allocator &,Pointer,Size)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Base=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Allocator=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> , Pointer=thrust::device_ptr<Tree>
1> , Size=int
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\contiguous_storage.inl(255) : while compiling class template member function 'void thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T,Alloc>::destroy(thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>,thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>)'
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\vector_base.inl(474) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void thrust::detail::contiguous_storage<T,Alloc>::destroy(thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>,thrust::detail::normal_iterator<thrust::device_ptr<T>>)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\detail\vector_base.inl(44) : while compiling class template member function 'thrust::detail::vector_base<T,Alloc>::vector_base(void)'
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\device_vector.h(67) : see reference to function template instantiation 'thrust::detail::vector_base<T,Alloc>::vector_base(void)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\program files\nvidia gpu computing toolkit\cuda\v7.0\include\thrust\device_vector.h(54) : see reference to class template instantiation 'thrust::detail::vector_base<T,Alloc>' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> , Alloc=thrust::device_malloc_allocator<Tree>
1> ]
1> c:\users\thomas\documents\visual studio 2013\projects\wtm\wtm\cell.h(27) : see reference to class template instantiation 'thrust::device_vector<Tree,thrust::device_malloc_allocator<T>>' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> T=Tree
1> ]
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
我真的不知道该如何处理。也许有人可以指导我解决这个问题。提前致谢！
编辑
如前所述，我忘记了 main，这是下面的代码，在 .cu 文件中
#include "Cell.h"
int main(void)
{
Cell D(0, 0.5, 0.5, 1, 1);
D.print();
return 0;
}
减少到最小的部分。如果缺少更多信息，请告诉我。
如果您按照错误消息的提示查看定义为 thrust::system::cuda::detail::for_each_n 的文件，您会发现以下注释 (link to github)：
// we're attempting to launch a kernel, assert we're compiling with nvcc
// ========================================================================
// X Note to the user: If you've found this line due to a compiler error, X
// X you need to compile your code using nvcc, rather than g++ or cl.exe X
// ========================================================================
确保您确实在使用 nvcc 来编译您的程序，而不仅仅是尝试将 thrust 包含在使用 visual studio 编译的普通 c++ 项目中 cl.