在 Golang 中使用类型断言检测值超出范围错误

Detect value out of range errors using type assertion in Golang

给定以下代码:

iv, err := strconv.ParseInt("18446744073709551448", 10, 64)
fmt.Println(iv)
fmt.Printf("%#v\n", err)
fmt.Printf("%v\n", err)

//Output:
9223372036854775807
&strconv.NumError{Func:"ParseInt", Num:"18446744073709551448", Err:(*errors.errorString)(0x1040a040)}
strconv.ParseInt: parsing "18446744073709551448": value out of range

如何检测函数因超出 int64 范围而失败? strconv.ParseInt function returns an error type, but in this case it is actually a strconv.NumError type as indicated by %#v. The Error Handling and Go 文章提到您可以使用类型断言来检查特定类型的错误,但它没有给出任何示例。我应该用什么表达式来完成这段代码:

if expression {
    uv, err := strconv.ParseUint("18446744073709551448", 10, 64)
}

strconv.ParseInt 返回的错误仅在编译时才知道是某种实现 Error 接口的类型。类型断言允许您坚持认为它是一个 strconv.NumError 并直接检查它的字段,但如果您发现错误,则有引发运行时恐慌的风险:

if err.(*strconv.NumError).Err.Error() == "value out of range" {
    uv, err := strconv.ParseUint("18446744073709551448", 10, 64)
}

一个更灵活的解决方案(但对于您的目的来说可能过于松散)是在 err.Error() 方法上执行子字符串匹配:

if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "value out of range") {
    uv, err := strconv.ParseUint("18446744073709551448", 10, 64)
}

我们有,

Package strconv

var ErrRange = errors.New("value out of range")

ErrRange indicates that a value is out of range for the target type.

type NumError struct {
        Func string // the failing function (ParseBool, ParseInt, ParseUint, ParseFloat)
        Num  string // the input
        Err  error  // the reason the conversion failed (ErrRange, ErrSyntax)
}

A NumError records a failed conversion.

func (e *NumError) Error() string

例如,

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    iv, err := strconv.ParseInt("18446744073709551448", 10, 64)
    if err != nil {
        if numError, ok := err.(*strconv.NumError); ok {
            if numError.Err == strconv.ErrRange {
                fmt.Println("Detected", numError.Num, "as a", strconv.ErrRange)
                return
            }
        }
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println(iv)
}

输出:

Detected 18446744073709551448 as a value out of range