Python AttributeError: module 'string' has no attribute 'maketrans'

Question

我在尝试运行 Python 3.5.2 shell 中的命令时收到以下错误：

Python 3.5.2 (v3.5.2:4def2a2901a5, Jun 25 2016, 22:01:18) [MSC v.1900 32 bit      
(Intel)] on win32 Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

>>> folder = 'C:/users/kdotz/desktop'
>>> f = open(folder + '/genesis.txt', 'r')
>>> import operator, time, string
>>> start=time.time()
>>> genesis = {}
>>> for line in f:
line=line.split()
for word in line:
    word = word.lower()
    new_word=word.translate(string.maketrans("",""), string.punctutation)
    if new_word in genesis:
        genesis[new_word]+=1
    else:
        genesis[new_word]=1

错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#15>", line 5, in <module>
new_word=word.translate(string.maketrans("",""), string.punctutation)
AttributeError: module 'string' has no attribute 'maketrans'

我做错了什么？我在代码顶部导入字符串。在此先感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

maketrans 已弃用，取而代之的是新的静态方法

The string.maketrans() function is deprecated and is replaced by new static methods, bytes.maketrans() and bytearray.maketrans(). This change solves the confusion around which types were supported by the string module. Now, str, bytes, and bytearray each have their own maketrans and translate methods with intermediate translation tables of the appropriate type.

您可以使用dir()来验证每当您遇到此类问题时：

>>> import string
>>>
>>> dir(string)
['Formatter', 'Template', '_ChainMap', '_TemplateMetaclass', '__all__', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '_re', '_string', 'ascii_letters', 'ascii_lowercase', 'ascii_uppercase', 'capwords', 'digits', 'hexdigits', 'octdigits', 'printable', 'punctuation', 'whitespace']
>>>

如您所见，上面的结果列表中没有maketrans。

Answer 2

Py 3.9:

"abcdef".translate(str.maketrans('def', 'ghi'))

Python AttributeError: module 'string' has no attribute 'maketrans'

Python AttributeError: module 'string' has no attribute 'maketrans'

python

attributeerror

python-3.x