SQL- select 只有包含字符串的列中的数字

Question

我有一个这样的 table（第一列包含 id，第二列是包含字符串（一些公式）的 varchar）-

column_id       column_formula
4686         4686 = 4684 - 4685 
4687         4687 = ( 4681 / 1.205 / 4684 * 1000 ) 
4717         4717 = ( 4711 + 4712 + 4713 + 4714 + 4715 + 4716 )/6 
4719         4719 = abs( 4716 - 4715 ) 
4787         4787 = max(max(max(max(max( 4780 , 4781 ), 4782 ), 4783 ), 4784 ), 4785 ) - min(min(min(min(min( 4780 , 4781 ), 4782 ), 4783 ), 4784 ), 4785 )

现在需要一些查询，它将给出如下输出 -

col1    col2
4686    4684      
4686    4685      
4687    4681 
4687    4684 
4717    4711
4717    4712

等等..（只有少于4位的数字除外，如1.205左右..和1000）

patindex这个很难用

任何人都可以给我一个解决方案吗

Answer 1

您需要一个函数来将逗号分隔的字符串拆分成单独的行。这是 Jeff Moden 的 DelimitedSplit8K 函数：

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[DelimitedSplit8K](
    @pString NVARCHAR(4000), @pDelimiter NCHAR(1)
)
RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING AS
RETURN
WITH E1(N) AS (
    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL 
    SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
)
,E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b)
,E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b)
,cteTally(N) AS(
    SELECT TOP (ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@pString),0)) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
)
,cteStart(N1) AS(
    SELECT 1 UNION ALL 
    SELECT t.N+1 FROM cteTally t WHERE SUBSTRING(@pString,t.N,1) = @pDelimiter
),
cteLen(N1,L1) AS(
SELECT 
    s.N1,
    ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@pDelimiter,@pString,s.N1),0)-s.N1,8000)
FROM cteStart s
)
SELECT 
    ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY l.N1),
    Item       = SUBSTRING(@pString, l.N1, l.L1)
FROM cteLen l

思路是REPLACE首先是所有数学字符：+、-、*、/、(、), = 带逗号 ,。这是必需的，以便我们稍后可以拆分操作数。接下来调用拆分器函数以逗号 , 作为分隔符拆分行。拆分完成后，使用 NOT LIKE '[^0-9]%' AND Item <> '' 过滤所有数值。你要INSERT这个结果到Temp Table。然后，你从 Temp Table 中 SELECT 使用适当的 WHERE 子句：

;WITH cteSanitized AS(
    SELECT
        t.Column_Id,
        Item = 
            REPLACE(
                REPLACE(
                    REPLACE(
                        REPLACE(
                            REPLACE(
                                REPLACE(
                                    REPLACE(
                                        SUBSTRING(t.Column_Formula, CHARINDEX('=', t.Column_Formula), LEN(t.Column_Formula) - CHARINDEX('=', t.Column_Formula) + 1)
                                        ,'+',','
                                    ), '-',','
                                ), '/',','
                            ), '*',','
                        ), ')', ',)'
                    ), '(',','
                ), '=',','
            )
    FROM Test t
)
,CteSplitted AS(
    SELECT
        s.Column_Id,
        ItemNumber,
        Item = LTRIM(RTRIM(x.Item))
    FROM cteSanitized s
    CROSS APPLY dbo.DelimitedSplit8K(s.Item, ',') x
)
SELECT 
    Column_Id,
    ItemNumber,
    Item = CONVERT(NUMERIC, ITEM)
INTO #TempTable
FROM CteSplitted
WHERE 
    Item  NOT LIKE '[^0-9]%'
    AND Item <> ''

SELECT DISTINCT
    Col1 = Column_Id,
    Col2 = Item
FROM #TempTable
WHERE Item > 1000

DROP TABLE #TempTable

结果

Col1        Col2
----------- ---------
4686        4684
4686        4685
4687        4681
4687        4684
4717        4711
4717        4712
4717        4713
4717        4714
4717        4715
4717        4716
4719        4715
4719        4716
4787        4780
4787        4781
4787        4782
4787        4783
4787        4784
4787        4785

Answer 2

这是没有用户定义函数的解决方案。它应该快得多：

DECLARE @t TABLE ( ID INT, F NVARCHAR(MAX) )

INSERT  INTO @t
VALUES  ( 4686, '4686 = 4684 - 4685' ),
        ( 4687, '4687 = ( 4681 / 1.205 / 4684 * 1000 )' ),
        ( 4717, '4717 = ( 4711 + 4712 + 4713 + 4714 + 4715 + 4716 )/6' ),
        ( 4719, '4719 = abs( 4716 - 4715 ) ' ),
        ( 4787,
          '4787 = max(max(max(max(max( 4780 , 4781 ), 4782 ), 4783 ), 4784 ), 4785 ) - min(min(min(min(min( 4780 , 4781 ), 4782 ), 4783 ), 4784 ), 4785 )' )

DECLARE @chars TABLE ( ID INT, c NVARCHAR(MAX) )
INSERT  INTO @chars
VALUES  ( 1, ' ' ),
        ( 2, '(' ),
        ( 3, ')' ),
        ( 4, '/' ),
        ( 5, '*' ),
        ( 6, '+' ),
        ( 7, '-' ),
        ( 8, 'max' ),
        ( 9, 'min' ),
        ( 10, 'abs' ),
        ( 11, '=' )

DECLARE @count INT
SELECT  @count = COUNT(*) FROM    @chars;

WITH    recursion
          AS ( SELECT   t.ID ,
                        REPLACE(F, ' ', ',') + ',' AS F ,
                        1 AS CharID
               FROM     @t t
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   t.ID ,
                        REPLACE(t.F, c.c, ',') AS F ,
                        t.CharID + 1 AS CharID
               FROM     recursion t
                        JOIN @chars c ON c.ID = t.CharID + 1
               WHERE    t.CharID < @count
             ),
        commastrings
          AS ( SELECT   ID ,
                        STUFF(F, LEN(F), 1, '') AS F
               FROM     ( SELECT    ID ,
                                    REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(F, ',', '{}'), '}{', ''), '{}', ',') AS F
                          FROM      recursion
                          WHERE     CharID = @count
                        ) a
             ),
        final ( ID, Number, rght, idx )
          AS ( SELECT   t.ID ,
                        LEFT(t.F, CHARINDEX(',', t.F) - 1) ,
                        SUBSTRING(t.F, CHARINDEX(',', t.F) + 1, LEN(t.F)) ,
                        0
               FROM     commastrings t
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   c.id ,
                        CASE WHEN CHARINDEX(',', c.rght) = 0 THEN c.rght
                             ELSE LEFT(c.rght, CHARINDEX(',', c.rght) - 1)
                        END ,
                        CASE WHEN CHARINDEX(',', c.rght) > 0
                             THEN SUBSTRING(c.rght, CHARINDEX(',', c.rght) + 1, DATALENGTH(c.rght))
                             ELSE ''
                        END ,
                        idx + 1
               FROM     final c
               WHERE   LENGTH(c.rght) > 0
             )
    SELECT DISTINCT
            ID ,
            Number
    FROM    final
    WHERE   idx <> 0
            AND CAST(Number AS DECIMAL(20, 10)) > 1000

SQL- select 只有包含字符串的列中的数字

SQL- select only numbers from column which contains string

sql

sql-server

sql-server-2008

patindex

charindex