如何使用 c 在控制台中水平打印带有链接的树

Question

我正在重新发布我的问题（显然信息不足）。我想在 C 中水平打印一个给定的二叉树，节点之间有链接 。我没有链接就完成了；当我尝试使用链接时，它真的搞砸了。

PS：图像中有更多解释 Click here to view，这是我使用的结构：

typedef struct node{
   int val;            // value of the node
   struct node *left;  // left node
   struct node *right; // right node
}node;

下面是我写的函数，它可以绘制带有空白且节点之间没有链接的树：

#define space 5

//secondary function
void draw_tree_hor2(node *tree, int distance)
{
    // stopping condition
    if (tree== NULL)
        return;

    // increase spacing
    distance += space;

    // start with right node
    draw_tree_hor2(tree->right, distance);

    // print root after spacing

    printf("\n");

    for (int i = space; i < distance; i++)
        printf(" ");

    printf("%d\n", tree->value);

    // go to left node
    draw_tree_hor2(tree->left, distance);
}

//primary fuction
void draw_tree_hor(node *tree)
{
   //initial distance is 0
    draw_tree_hor2(tree, 0);
}

如果我提供的信息不够，请告诉我...

Answer 1

我很快就拼凑了一些东西，看起来很管用。可能想要添加一些检查以防止 depth 超过 path 大小等。至少应该让你开始。

#include <stdio.h>

#define space 5


typedef struct node{
   int value;          // value of the node
   struct node *left;  // left node
   struct node *right; // right node
}node;

//secondary function
void draw_tree_hor2(node *tree, int depth, char *path, int right)
{
    // stopping condition
    if (tree== NULL)
        return;

    // increase spacing
    depth++;

    // start with right node
    draw_tree_hor2(tree->right, depth, path, 1);

    if(depth > 1)
    {
        // set | draw map
        path[depth-2] = 0;

        if(right)
            path[depth-2] = 1;
    }

    if(tree->left)
        path[depth-1] = 1;

    // print root after spacing
    printf("\n");

    for(int i=0; i<depth-1; i++)
    {
      if(i == depth-2)
          printf("+");
      else if(path[i])
          printf("|");
      else
          printf(" ");

      for(int j=1; j<space; j++)
      if(i < depth-2)
          printf(" ");
      else
          printf("-");
    }

    printf("%d\n", tree->value);

    // vertical spacers below
    for(int i=0; i<depth; i++)
    {
      if(path[i])
          printf("|");
      else
          printf(" ");

      for(int j=1; j<space; j++)
          printf(" ");
    }

    // go to left node
    draw_tree_hor2(tree->left, depth, path, 0);
}

//primary fuction
void draw_tree_hor(node *tree)
{
    // should check if we don't exceed this somehow..
    char path[255] = {};

    //initial depth is 0
    draw_tree_hor2(tree, 0, path, 0);
}



node n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7;

int main()
{
  n1.value = 1;
  n2.value = 2;
  n3.value = 3;
  n4.value = 4;
  n5.value = 5;
  n6.value = 6;
  n7.value = 7;

  n1.right = &n2;
  n1.left = &n3;
  //n2.right = &n4;
  //n2.left = &n5;
  n3.right = &n6;
  n3.left = &n7;

  n2.right = &n3;
  n2.left = &n3;

  draw_tree_hor(&n1);

  return 0;
}

输出：

>gcc test_graph.c && a

          +----6
          |
     +----3
     |    |
     |    +----7
     |
+----2
|    |
|    |    +----6
|    |    |
|    +----3
|         |
|         +----7
|
1
|
|    +----6
|    |
+----3
     |
     +----7

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