Lambda 适用于最新的 Visual Studio,但在其他地方不起作用

Lambda Works on Latest Visual Studio, but Doesn't Work Elsewhere

所以我写了一个讨厌的 lambda 到 :

values.resize(distance(
    begin(values),
    remove_if(begin(values), end(values),
        [i = 0U, it = cbegin(intervals), end = cend(intervals)](const auto&) mutable {
        return it != end && ++i > it->first && (i <= it->second || (++it, true));
    })
));

我的问题是,在 Visual Studio Community 2015 Update 3 版本 14.0.25425.01 上输出所需的:

4.2 9.1 2.3 0.6 6.4 3.6 1.4 7.5

但是在 all the other compilers I've tried 我得到:

4.2 2.3 0.6 1.2 0.3 1.4 2.5 7.5

谁能告诉我是什么导致了不同的行为?

您依赖于这样一个事实,即您传递给算法的确切闭包是用作谓词的闭包,但标准允许复制它:

[algorithms.general]/10 (N4140): [Note: Unless otherwise specified, algorithms that take function objects as arguments are permitted to copy those function objects freely. Programmers for whom object identity is important should consider using a wrapper class that points to a noncopied implementation object such as reference_wrapper (20.9.3), or some equivalent solution. —end note ]

这正是 libstdc++ 所做的。从 v6.2.1 开始:

template<typename _ForwardIterator, typename _Predicate>
_ForwardIterator
__remove_if(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last,
            _Predicate __pred)
{
    __first = std::__find_if(__first, __last, __pred);
    if (__first == __last)
    return __first;
    _ForwardIterator __result = __first;
    ++__first;
    for (; __first != __last; ++__first)
    if (!__pred(__first))
        {
        *__result = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(*__first);
        ++__result;
        }
    return __result;
}

在函数开始时对std::__find_if的调用复制了__pred,这意味着i的值在std::__find_if内增加了一点,但是这个不会改变呼叫站点上发生的事情。

要解决此问题,您可以使用 std::ref:

auto clos = [i = 0U, it = cbegin(intervals), end = cend(intervals)](const auto&) mutable {
    return it != end && ++i > it->first && (i <= it->second || (++it, true));
};
values.resize(distance(begin(values), std::remove_if(begin(values), end(values), std::ref(clos))));

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