如何在 Xamarin Forms 中使用推送通知

Question

我有一个使用 Xamarin.Forms 目标 IOS、Android 和 WP 8 的应用程序。

我的应用程序需要推送通知功能。

我看过 pushsharp 演示，看起来很有希望。但是我看到的所有代码都是针对每个平台单独完成的。

我希望它在 Xamarin.Forms 项目中完成，在 App.cs 的某处，这样我就不需要重复注册设备的代码，也不需要处理推送通知的方式被处理。

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。欢迎使用示例代码或教程参考。

Edit ：我根据 Idot 的 . Here is the 实现了它作为我的答案。

Answer 1

这在纯 Xamarin.Forms 中是不可能做到的，但实现一个可以在 App.cs 中处理的解决方案相对简单（尽管这将需要特定于平台的实现）。

查看 Xamarin.Forms.Labs 项目中的 IXForms 实施，其中通知被引导回 Forms 项目：

https://github.com/XLabs/Xamarin-Forms-Labs

更具体地说：

https://github.com/XLabs/Xamarin-Forms-Labs/tree/master/src/Platform/XLabs.Platform/Mvvm

Answer 2

xamarin 支持和表单建议我使用以下插件。

This plugin works well

https://github.com/rdelrosario/xamarin-plugins/tree/master/PushNotification

一旦我开始工作就会更新答案。

更新：

我收到了适用于 iOS 和 Android 的推送通知。

我用了Google Cloud Messaging Client, an excellent component for Android, and didn't have to write much of the code as mentioned in 。

我的 iOS 实现与类似，不需要太多代码。

为了从服务器推送通知，我使用了 PushSharp 的 nuget 包。

我没有在 WP 中实现，因为我的项目不需要它。

如果您要实施推送通知，这篇 Xamarin Help on Push Notifications 值得一读。

更新（2018 年 6 月）- 在 iOS 和 Android 上使用以下 FCM 插件，ti 支持 Xamarin.Forms - FirebasePushNotificationPlugin

Answer 3

我前几天刚实现了推送通知，我会在这里分享我的解决方案（基于PushSharp）

分步指南：

1) 在您的共享项目中，创建一个名为 IPushNotificationRegister

的接口

public interface IPushNotificationRegister
{
    void ExtractTokenAndRegister();
}

该接口用于获取推送令牌，然后将其发送到服务器。此令牌在每个设备上都是唯一的。

2) 在您的共享项目中，您应该调用 ExtractTokenAndRegister（使用您最喜欢的 IOC，我在登录后立即调用它）。

Android 实现：

3) 添加接收器以侦听 Google GCM 服务收到的事件：

一）

[BroadcastReceiver]
[IntentFilter(new[] { Intent.ActionBootCompleted })]
public class GCMBootReceiver : BroadcastReceiver
{
    public override void OnReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
    {
        MyIntentService.RunIntentInService(context, intent);
        SetResult(Result.Ok, null, null);
    }
}

b)

[assembly: Permission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.WAKE_LOCK")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.INTERNET")]

namespace Consumer.Mobile.Droid.PushNotification
{
    [BroadcastReceiver(Permission = "com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND")]
    [IntentFilter(new string[] { "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]
    [IntentFilter(new string[] { "com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION" }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]
    [IntentFilter(new string[] { "com.google.android.gcm.intent.RETRY" }, Categories = new string[] { "@PACKAGE_NAME@" })]
    [IntentFilter (new[]{ Intent.ActionBootCompleted }, Categories = new[]{ Intent.CategoryDefault })]
    public class GCMBroadcastReceiver : BroadcastReceiver
    {
        public override void OnReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            MyIntentService.RunIntentInService(context, intent);
            SetResult(Result.Ok, null, null);
        }
    }
}

c) 添加 Intent 服务来处理通知

using Android.App;
using Android.Content;
using Android.Graphics;
using Android.Media;
using Android.OS;
using Android.Support.V4.App;
using Consumer.Mobile.Infra;
using Consumer.Mobile.Services.PushNotification;
using Java.Lang;
using XLabs.Ioc;
using TaskStackBuilder = Android.Support.V4.App.TaskStackBuilder;

namespace Consumer.Mobile.Droid.PushNotification
{
    [Service]
    public class MyIntentService : IntentService
    {
        private readonly ILogger _logger;
        private readonly IPushNotificationService _notificationService;
        private readonly IPushNotificationRegister _pushNotificationRegister;

        public MyIntentService()
        {
            _logger = Resolver.Resolve<ILogger>();
            _notificationService = Resolver.Resolve<IPushNotificationService>();
            _pushNotificationRegister = Resolver.Resolve<IPushNotificationRegister>();
        }

        static PowerManager.WakeLock _sWakeLock;
        static readonly object Lock = new object();


        public static void RunIntentInService(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            lock (Lock)
            {
                if (_sWakeLock == null)
                {
                    // This is called from BroadcastReceiver, there is no init.
                    var pm = PowerManager.FromContext(context);
                    _sWakeLock = pm.NewWakeLock(
                    WakeLockFlags.Partial, "My WakeLock Tag");
                }
            }

            _sWakeLock.Acquire();
            intent.SetClass(context, typeof(MyIntentService));
            context.StartService(intent);
        }

        protected override void OnHandleIntent(Intent intent)
        {
            try
            {
                Context context = this.ApplicationContext;
                string action = intent.Action;

                if (action.Equals("com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION"))
                {
                    HandleRegistration(context, intent);
                }
                else if (action.Equals("com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE"))
                {
                    HandleMessage(context, intent);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                lock (Lock)
                {
                    //Sanity check for null as this is a public method
                    if (_sWakeLock != null)
                        _sWakeLock.Release();
                }
            }
        }

        private void HandleMessage(Context context, Intent intent)
        {

            Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, typeof(MainActivity));


            TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.Create(this);

            var c = Class.FromType(typeof(MainActivity));
            stackBuilder.AddParentStack(c);
            stackBuilder.AddNextIntent(resultIntent);

            string alert = intent.GetStringExtra("Alert");
            int number = intent.GetIntExtra("Badge", 0);

            var imageUrl = intent.GetStringExtra("ImageUrl");
            var title = intent.GetStringExtra("Title");

            Bitmap bitmap = GetBitmap(imageUrl);

            PendingIntent resultPendingIntent = stackBuilder.GetPendingIntent(0, (int)PendingIntentFlags.UpdateCurrent);

            NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                .SetAutoCancel(true) // dismiss the notification from the notification area when the user clicks on it
                .SetContentIntent(resultPendingIntent) // start up this activity when the user clicks the intent.
                .SetContentTitle(title) // Set the title
                .SetNumber(number) // Display the count in the Content Info
                .SetSmallIcon(Resource.Drawable.Icon) // This is the icon to display
                .SetLargeIcon(bitmap)
                .SetSound(RingtoneManager.GetDefaultUri(RingtoneType.Notification))
                .SetContentText(alert); // the message to display.

            // Build the notification:
            Notification notification = builder.Build();

            // Get the notification manager:
            NotificationManager notificationManager =
                GetSystemService(Context.NotificationService) as NotificationManager;

            // Publish the notification:
            const int notificationId = 0;
            notificationManager.Notify(notificationId, notification);
        }

        private void HandleRegistration(Context context, Intent intent)
        {
            var token = intent.GetStringExtra("registration_id");
            _logger.Info(this.Class.SimpleName, "Received Token : " + token);

            if (_pushNotificationRegister.ShouldSendToken(token))
            {
                var uid = Android.Provider.Settings.Secure.GetString(MainActivity.Context.ContentResolver, Android.Provider.Settings.Secure.AndroidId);
                _notificationService.AddPushToken(token, DeviceUtils.GetDeviceType(), uid);
            }
        }


        private Bitmap GetBitmap(string url)
        {

            try
            {
                System.Net.WebRequest request =
                    System.Net.WebRequest.Create(url);
                System.Net.WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
                System.IO.Stream responseStream =
                    response.GetResponseStream();
                return BitmapFactory.DecodeStream(responseStream);


            }
            catch (System.Net.WebException)
            {
                return null;
            }

        }

    }
}

d) 实现接口 IPushNotificationRegister:

using Android.App;
using Android.Content;
using Consumer.Mobile.Services;
using Consumer.Mobile.Services.PushNotification;
[assembly: Permission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "@PACKAGE_NAME@.permission.C2D_MESSAGE")]

// Gives the app permission to register and receive messages.
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE")]

// Needed to keep the processor from sleeping when a message arrives
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.WAKE_LOCK")]
[assembly: UsesPermission(Name = "android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED")]
namespace Consumer.Mobile.Droid.PushNotification
{
    public class PushNotificationRegister : IPushNotificationRegister
    {          
        public override void ExtractTokenAndRegister()
        {
            string senders = AndroidConfig.GCMSenderId;
            Intent intent = new Intent("com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTER");
            intent.SetPackage("com.google.android.gsf");
            intent.PutExtra("app", PendingIntent.GetBroadcast(MainActivity.Context, 0, new Intent(), 0));
            intent.PutExtra("sender", senders);
            MainActivity.Context.StartService(intent);
        }


    }
}

iOS 实施：

4) 在你的AppDelegate中添加以下方法：

a)

public override void RegisteredForRemoteNotifications(UIApplication application, NSData deviceToken)
{
    var deviceTokenString = deviceToken.ToString().Replace("<","").Replace(">", "").Replace(" ", "");
    var notificationService = Resolver.Resolve<IPushNotificationService>();
    var pushNotificationRegister = Resolver.Resolve<IPushNotificationRegister>();

    if (pushNotificationRegister.ShouldSendToken(deviceTokenString))
    {
        var uid = UIDevice.CurrentDevice.IdentifierForVendor.AsString();
        notificationService.AddPushToken(deviceTokenString, DeviceUtils.GetDeviceType(), uid);
    }
}

b) 实施 IPushNotificationRegister :

using Consumer.Mobile.Services;
using Consumer.Mobile.Services.PushNotification;
using UIKit;

namespace Consumer.Mobile.iOS.PushNotification
{
    public class iOSPushNotificationRegister : IPushNotificationRegister
    {
        public override void ExtractTokenAndRegister()
        {
            const UIRemoteNotificationType notificationTypes = UIRemoteNotificationType.Alert | UIRemoteNotificationType.Badge | UIRemoteNotificationType.Sound;
            UIApplication.SharedApplication.RegisterForRemoteNotificationTypes(notificationTypes);
        }
    }
}

关于WP，我没有实现。

如果您需要服务器端使用 PushSharp 的代码，请告诉我。

您可以查看我基于我的解决方案的客户端示例here

Answer 4

最近这里有一篇博客 post 关于使用 Azure 移动服务在 Xamarin Forms 上实现推送通知（以及每个单独的平台，因为没有基于 Forms 的实现）。

http://www.xamarinhelp.com/push-notifications/

Answer 5

在 Xamarin Forms 中，您还可以使用像 Donky 这样的通知 SDK（在欧洲相当于美国的 Urban Airship）；您可以在一天内轻松制作一个可扩展的通知项目，我已经两次使用此 SDK 在 35 分钟内构建了 WhatsApp 克隆 shell。参见 http://docs.mobiledonky.com

Answer 6

您可以查看开箱即用的 Appboy 组件。 https://components.xamarin.com/view/appboy-sdk-bindings

正如其他人所说，如果没有一些特定于平台的组件，您将无法通用。

如何在 Xamarin Forms 中使用推送通知

How to use Push Notifications in Xamarin Forms

c#

push-notification

xamarin

pushsharp

xamarin.forms