Kotlin 可空变量赋值

Kotlin nullable variable assignment

在 Kotlin 中,这段代码是否有更短的语法:

if(swipeView == null){
     swipeView = view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView)
}

首先我尝试了这个:

 swipeView ?: view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView)

但后来我意识到这不是一项任务,所以该代码什么都不做。然后我试了:

swipeView = swipeView ?: view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView)

这行得通,但有点冗长。我希望是这样的:

swipeView ?= view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>

但不幸的是,这不起作用。有什么方法可以用简短的语法来完成这个吗?

我知道我能做到:

variable?.let { it = something } which works.

更短的语法是为了避免 swipeView 成为 null

局部变量

如果 swipeView 是局部变量,那么您可以在初始分配时将其声明为非空:

val swipeView = ... ?: view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView)

函数参数

如果 swipeView 是函数参数,那么您可以使用 default argument 来确保它永远不会 null:

fun something(swipeView: View = view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView))

Class 属性

只读

如果swipeView是只读的class属性(即val)那么你可以使用Kotlin内置的Lazy:

val swipeView by lazy { view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView) }

可变

如果 swipeView 是可变的 class 属性(即 var),那么您可以定义自己的委托,类似于 Lazy 但可变。例如以下是根据kotlin/Lazy.kt:

interface MutableLazy<T> : Lazy<T> {
    override var value: T
}

fun <T> mutableLazy(initializer: () -> T): MutableLazy<T> = SynchronizedMutableLazyImpl(initializer)

fun <T> mutableLazy(lock: Any?, initializer: () -> T): MutableLazy<T> = SynchronizedMutableLazyImpl(initializer, lock)

operator fun <T> MutableLazy<T>.getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): T = value
operator fun <T> MutableLazy<T>.setValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>, value: T) {
    this.value = value
}

private object UNINITIALIZED_VALUE

private class SynchronizedMutableLazyImpl<T>(initializer: () -> T, lock: Any? = null) : MutableLazy<T>, Serializable {
    private var initializer: (() -> T)? = initializer
    @Volatile private var _value: Any? = UNINITIALIZED_VALUE
    // final field is required to enable safe publication of constructed instance
    private val lock = lock ?: this

    override var value: T
        get() {
            val _v1 = _value
            if (_v1 !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE) {
                @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
                return _v1 as T
            }

            return synchronized(lock) {
                val _v2 = _value
                if (_v2 !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE) {
                    @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST") (_v2 as T)
                } else {
                    val typedValue = initializer!!()
                    _value = typedValue
                    initializer = null
                    typedValue
                }
            }
        }
        set(value) {
            val _v1 = _value
            if (_v1 !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE) {
                _value = value
            } else synchronized(lock) {
                _value = value
                initializer = null
            }
        }

    override fun isInitialized(): Boolean = _value !== UNINITIALIZED_VALUE

    override fun toString(): String = if (isInitialized()) value.toString() else "MutableLazy value not initialized yet."
}

用法:

var swipeView by mutableLazy { view.find<MeasureTypePieChart>(R.id.swipeableView) }

仅当 swipeView 被读取且尚未初始化(来自之前的读取或写入)时才会调用 initializer