使用 Spock 进行测试时，Grails 无法向域注入服务

Question

使用 Spock 进行 grails 单元测试时，无法自动将服务实例注入域。

下面是我的代码。

服务：

class HiService {

    public HiService(){
        println "Init HiService," + this.toString()
    }

    def sayHi(String name){
        println "Hi, ${name}"
    }
}

域：

class User {

    public User(){
        if (hiService == null){
            println "hiService is null when new User(${name})"
        }
    }

    String name

    def hiService

    def sayHi(){
        println "Before use hiService " + hiService?.toString()
        hiService.sayHi(name)
        println "End use hiService" +  hiService?.toString()
    }
}

测试用例：

@TestFor(HiService)
@Mock([User])
class HiServiceTest extends Specification {

    def "test sayHi"() {

        given:
        def item = new User( name: "kitty").save(validate: false)

        when: "Use service method"
        item.sayHi()

        then : "expect something happen"
        assertEquals(1, 1)
    }
}

以下是控制台日志：

--Output from test sayHi--
Init HiService,test.HiService@530f5e8e
hiService is null when new User(null)
Before use hiService null
| Failure:  test sayHi(test.HiServiceTest)
|  java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke method sayHi() on null object
 at test.User.sayHi(User.groovy:17)
 at test.HiServiceTest.test sayHi(HiServiceTest.groovy:20)

服务已初始化，但无法注入域。但是当运行直接应用时，服务会自动注入域

Answer 1

如果您不想自动装配，则需要进行集成测试。如果使用 Grails 3 则使用 @Integration 注释，如果使用 grails 2 则扩展 IntegrationSpec。

参见：http://docs.grails.org/latest/guide/testing.html#integrationTesting

Answer 2

@Mock([User, HiService])
class HiServiceTest extends Specification {

    def "test sayHi"() {
        // ....
    }
}

Answer 3

由于您正在编写单元测试，因此您的服务不会自动装配。此外，当您对 User class 对象进行单元测试时，您应该在 UserSpec 中编写测试（而不是 UserServceTest；Suffixing Spec 是 Spock 中的约定）。现在您可以像这样模拟 HiService：

class UserSpec 扩展规范 {

def "User is able to say hi"() {
    given:
    User user = new User(name: 'bla bla')

    and: "Mock the user service"
    def hiService = Mock(HiService)
    user.hiService = hiService

    when:
    user.sayHi()

    then:
    1 * sayHiService.sayHi(user.name)
}

}

使用 Spock 进行测试时，Grails 无法向域注入服务

Grails Can't inject service to domain when test with Spock

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