如何用尾随零填充多个列表?

How to pad multiple lists with trailing zeros?

假设我有两个包含相同数量元素的列表,它们都是整数列表。例如:

a = [[1, 7, 3, 10, 4], [1, 3, 8], ..., [2, 5, 10, 91, 54, 0]]
b = [[5, 4, 23], [1, 2, 0, 4], ..., [5, 15, 11]]

对于每个索引,我想用尾随零填充较短的列表。上面的例子应该是这样的:

a = [[1, 7, 3, 10, 4], [1, 3, 8, 0], ..., [2, 5, 10, 91, 54, 0]]
b = [[5, 4, 23, 0, 0], [1, 2, 0, 4], ..., [51, 15, 11, 0, 0, 0]]

是否有一种优雅的方式来执行此比较并将填充构建到 Python 列表或 numpy 中?我知道 numpy.pad 可以执行填充,但是它对列表的迭代和比较让我陷入困境。

我敢肯定有一个优雅的 Python 单行代码可以解决这类问题,但有时一个简单的命令式解决方案就可以完成工作:

for i in xrange(0, len(a)):
    x = len(a[i])
    y = len(b[i])
    diff = max(x, y)
    a[i].extend([0] * (diff - x))
    b[i].extend([0] * (diff - y))

print a, b

也要小心 "elegant" 解决方案,因为它们可能非常难以理解(我无法计算我回过头来使用 [=11 编写的一段代码的次数=] 并且不得不努力弄清楚它是如何工作的)。

注意:创建 2 个新列表。保留旧列表。

from itertools import repeat

>>> b = [[5, 4, 23], [1, 2, 0, 4],[5, 15, 11]]
>>> a = [[1, 7, 3, 10, 4], [1, 3, 8],[2, 5, 10, 91, 54, 0]]

>>> [y+list(repeat(0, len(x)-len(y))) for x,y in zip(a,b)]
[[5, 4, 23, 0, 0], [1, 2, 0, 4], [5, 15, 11, 0, 0, 0]]

>>> [x+list(repeat(0, len(y)-len(x))) for x,y in zip(a,b)]
[[1, 7, 3, 10, 4], [1, 3, 8, 0], [2, 5, 10, 91, 54, 0]]
a = [[1, 7, 3, 10, 4], [1, 3, 8], [2, 5, 10, 91, 54, 0]]
b = [[5, 4, 23], [1, 2, 0, 4], [5, 15, 11]]

for idx in range(len(a)):
    size_diff = len(a[idx]) - len(b[idx])
    if size_diff < 0:
        a[idx].extend( [0] * abs(size_diff) )
    elif size_diff > 0:
        b[idx].extend( [0] * size_diff )

一行?是的。优雅的?编号

In [2]: from itertools import izip_longest
In [3]: A, B = map(list, zip(*[map(list, zip(*izip_longest(l1,l2, fillvalue=0)))
                               for l1,l2 in zip(a,b)]))

In [4]: A
Out[4]: [[1, 7, 3, 10, 4], [1, 3, 8, 0], [2, 5, 10, 91, 54, 0]]

In [5]: B
Out[5]: [[5, 4, 23, 0, 0], [1, 2, 0, 4], [5, 15, 11, 0, 0, 0]]