JS WebSocket 与 Java 之间的握手
Handshake between JS WebSocket and Java
我尝试实现 WebSocket 协议并将 JavaScript WebSocket 与 Java WebSocket 服务器连接。
Java脚本部分非常简单，可以按预期工作。
我自己编写了 Java 服务器并阅读了 rfc 6455 page 7 以获得正确的握手响应。所以服务器生成正确的响应并发送它。我写了一个 Java 客户端虚拟来确保它被发送。
但问题是 Java脚本/浏览器似乎没有收到握手响应并在几秒钟后终止请求（但没有关闭 tcp 套接字）。
这是握手：
客户
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:4455
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Origin: http://localhost
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate
Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==
Connection: keep-alive, Upgrade
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
Upgrade: websocket
服务器
HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: s3pPLMBiTxaQ9kYGzzhZRbK+xOo=
Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat
HTML Java脚本
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Socket testing - Client</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket = new WebSocket('ws://127.0.0.1:4455');
socket.addEventListener("error",function(e){
console.log("an error ocurred: ",e)
})
socket.addEventListener("close",function(e){
console.log("the connection was closed: ",e)
})
socket.addEventListener("open",function(e){
console.log("the connection was opened: ",e)
})
socket.addEventListener("message",function(e){
console.log("recieved a message: ",e)
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
Java（摘录）
public class SocketHandlerWebSocketLevel extends SocketHandler {
private HashMap<String, String> connectionHeaders;
private InputStreamReader stringReader;
private OutputStreamWriter stringWriter;
public SocketHandlerWebSocketLevel(Socket socket) {
super(socket);
connectionHeaders = new HashMap<String, String>();
try {
stringReader = new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
close();
print("could not get the input stream");
return;
}
try {
stringWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
close();
print("could not get the output stream");
return;
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
print("Started handler");
char b;
String buffer = "";
try {
mainLoop: while (true) {
while (stringReader.ready() || buffer.length() == 0) {
if ((b = (char) stringReader.read()) != -1) {
buffer += b;
} else {
break mainLoop;
}
}
gotMessage(buffer);
buffer = "";
}
} catch (IOException e) {
close();
print("connection was killed remotly, could not read the next byte");
return;
}
close();
print("connection was closed remotely, stopped Handler, closed socked");
}
private void gotMessage(String message) {
if (connectionHeaders.size() == 0) {
connectionHeaders = parseHttpHeader(message);
handshakeResponse();
} else {
print(message);
}
}
private void handshakeResponse() {
/*
taken from: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455#page-7
For this header field, the server has to take the value (as present
in the header field, e.g., the base64-encoded [RFC4648] version minus
any leading and trailing whitespace) and concatenate this with the
Globally Unique Identifier (GUID, [RFC4122]) "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-
95CA-C5AB0DC85B11" in string form, which is unlikely to be used by
network endpoints that do not understand the WebSocket Protocol. A
SHA-1 hash (160 bits) [FIPS.180-3], base64-encoded (see Section 4 of
[RFC4648]), of this concatenation is then returned in the server's
handshake.
Concretely, if as in the example above, the |Sec-WebSocket-Key|
header field had the value "dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==", the server
would concatenate the string "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"
to form the string "dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-
C5AB0DC85B11". The server would then take the SHA-1 hash of this,
giving the value 0xb3 0x7a 0x4f 0x2c 0xc0 0x62 0x4f 0x16 0x90 0xf6
0x46 0x06 0xcf 0x38 0x59 0x45 0xb2 0xbe 0xc4 0xea. This value is
then base64-encoded (see Section 4 of [RFC4648]), to give the value
"s3pPLMBiTxaQ9kYGzzhZRbK+xOo=". This value would then be echoed in
the |Sec-WebSocket-Accept| header field.
*/
String secWebSocketKey, secWebSocketAccept, GUID, template, merged, toSend;
secWebSocketKey = connectionHeaders.get("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
GUID = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11";
template = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\nUpgrade: websocket\nConnection: Upgrade\nSec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\nSec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat\n";
// combine secWebSocketKey and the GUID
merged = secWebSocketKey + GUID;
print("merged: " + merged);
// convert to byte[]
byte[] asBytes = merged.getBytes();
print("asBytes: " + Arrays.toString(asBytes));
// SHA-1 hash
byte[] sha1 = SHA1Hash(asBytes);
print("sha1: " + Arrays.toString(sha1));
// base64 encode
byte[] base64 = base64Encode(sha1);
print("base64: " + Arrays.toString(base64));
// reconvert to string to put it into the template
secWebSocketAccept = new String(base64);
toSend = String.format(template, secWebSocketAccept);
print(toSend);
try {
stringWriter.write(toSend, 0, toSend.length());
stringWriter.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
print("hanshake sending failed!");
}
}
private HashMap<String, String> parseHttpHeader(String h) {
HashMap<String, String> fields = new HashMap<String, String>();
String[] rows = h.split("\n");
if (rows.length > 1) {
fields.put("Prototcol", rows[0]);
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^([^:]+): (.+)$");
for (int i = 1; i < rows.length; i++) {
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(rows[i]);
while (matcher.find()) {
if (matcher.groupCount() == 2) {
fields.put(matcher.group(1), matcher.group(2));
}
}
}
}
return fields;
}
private byte[] SHA1Hash(byte[] bytes) {
MessageDigest md;
try {
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
return null;
}
md.update(bytes);
return md.digest();
}
private byte[] base64Encode(byte[] bytes) {
byte[] encodedBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes);
return encodedBytes;
}
我的错误可能在哪里？可能缺少什么，也许是“消息结束”符号？
请注意，我不想使用框架。
解决方法很简单。我只是使用 Wireshark 来调试整个事情：我只是忘记了马车 return.
Java class 中的正确字符串应该是：
template = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\nConnection: Upgrade\r\nSec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\nSec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat\r\n\r\n";
在此修改之前，浏览器无法将其解释为 TCP 包中的 HTTP 数据。
我尝试实现 WebSocket 协议并将 JavaScript WebSocket 与 Java WebSocket 服务器连接。
Java脚本部分非常简单，可以按预期工作。 我自己编写了 Java 服务器并阅读了 rfc 6455 page 7 以获得正确的握手响应。所以服务器生成正确的响应并发送它。我写了一个 Java 客户端虚拟来确保它被发送。
但问题是 Java脚本/浏览器似乎没有收到握手响应并在几秒钟后终止请求（但没有关闭 tcp 套接字）。
这是握手：
客户
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:4455
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Origin: http://localhost
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate
Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==
Connection: keep-alive, Upgrade
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
Upgrade: websocket
服务器
HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: s3pPLMBiTxaQ9kYGzzhZRbK+xOo=
Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat
HTML Java脚本
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Socket testing - Client</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket = new WebSocket('ws://127.0.0.1:4455');
socket.addEventListener("error",function(e){
console.log("an error ocurred: ",e)
})
socket.addEventListener("close",function(e){
console.log("the connection was closed: ",e)
})
socket.addEventListener("open",function(e){
console.log("the connection was opened: ",e)
})
socket.addEventListener("message",function(e){
console.log("recieved a message: ",e)
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
Java（摘录）
public class SocketHandlerWebSocketLevel extends SocketHandler {
private HashMap<String, String> connectionHeaders;
private InputStreamReader stringReader;
private OutputStreamWriter stringWriter;
public SocketHandlerWebSocketLevel(Socket socket) {
super(socket);
connectionHeaders = new HashMap<String, String>();
try {
stringReader = new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
close();
print("could not get the input stream");
return;
}
try {
stringWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
close();
print("could not get the output stream");
return;
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
print("Started handler");
char b;
String buffer = "";
try {
mainLoop: while (true) {
while (stringReader.ready() || buffer.length() == 0) {
if ((b = (char) stringReader.read()) != -1) {
buffer += b;
} else {
break mainLoop;
}
}
gotMessage(buffer);
buffer = "";
}
} catch (IOException e) {
close();
print("connection was killed remotly, could not read the next byte");
return;
}
close();
print("connection was closed remotely, stopped Handler, closed socked");
}
private void gotMessage(String message) {
if (connectionHeaders.size() == 0) {
connectionHeaders = parseHttpHeader(message);
handshakeResponse();
} else {
print(message);
}
}
private void handshakeResponse() {
/*
taken from: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6455#page-7
For this header field, the server has to take the value (as present
in the header field, e.g., the base64-encoded [RFC4648] version minus
any leading and trailing whitespace) and concatenate this with the
Globally Unique Identifier (GUID, [RFC4122]) "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-
95CA-C5AB0DC85B11" in string form, which is unlikely to be used by
network endpoints that do not understand the WebSocket Protocol. A
SHA-1 hash (160 bits) [FIPS.180-3], base64-encoded (see Section 4 of
[RFC4648]), of this concatenation is then returned in the server's
handshake.
Concretely, if as in the example above, the |Sec-WebSocket-Key|
header field had the value "dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==", the server
would concatenate the string "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11"
to form the string "dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-
C5AB0DC85B11". The server would then take the SHA-1 hash of this,
giving the value 0xb3 0x7a 0x4f 0x2c 0xc0 0x62 0x4f 0x16 0x90 0xf6
0x46 0x06 0xcf 0x38 0x59 0x45 0xb2 0xbe 0xc4 0xea. This value is
then base64-encoded (see Section 4 of [RFC4648]), to give the value
"s3pPLMBiTxaQ9kYGzzhZRbK+xOo=". This value would then be echoed in
the |Sec-WebSocket-Accept| header field.
*/
String secWebSocketKey, secWebSocketAccept, GUID, template, merged, toSend;
secWebSocketKey = connectionHeaders.get("Sec-WebSocket-Key");
GUID = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11";
template = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\nUpgrade: websocket\nConnection: Upgrade\nSec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\nSec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat\n";
// combine secWebSocketKey and the GUID
merged = secWebSocketKey + GUID;
print("merged: " + merged);
// convert to byte[]
byte[] asBytes = merged.getBytes();
print("asBytes: " + Arrays.toString(asBytes));
// SHA-1 hash
byte[] sha1 = SHA1Hash(asBytes);
print("sha1: " + Arrays.toString(sha1));
// base64 encode
byte[] base64 = base64Encode(sha1);
print("base64: " + Arrays.toString(base64));
// reconvert to string to put it into the template
secWebSocketAccept = new String(base64);
toSend = String.format(template, secWebSocketAccept);
print(toSend);
try {
stringWriter.write(toSend, 0, toSend.length());
stringWriter.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
print("hanshake sending failed!");
}
}
private HashMap<String, String> parseHttpHeader(String h) {
HashMap<String, String> fields = new HashMap<String, String>();
String[] rows = h.split("\n");
if (rows.length > 1) {
fields.put("Prototcol", rows[0]);
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^([^:]+): (.+)$");
for (int i = 1; i < rows.length; i++) {
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(rows[i]);
while (matcher.find()) {
if (matcher.groupCount() == 2) {
fields.put(matcher.group(1), matcher.group(2));
}
}
}
}
return fields;
}
private byte[] SHA1Hash(byte[] bytes) {
MessageDigest md;
try {
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
return null;
}
md.update(bytes);
return md.digest();
}
private byte[] base64Encode(byte[] bytes) {
byte[] encodedBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes);
return encodedBytes;
}
我的错误可能在哪里？可能缺少什么，也许是“消息结束”符号？
请注意，我不想使用框架。
解决方法很简单。我只是使用 Wireshark 来调试整个事情：我只是忘记了马车 return.
Java class 中的正确字符串应该是：
template = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\nUpgrade: websocket\r\nConnection: Upgrade\r\nSec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\nSec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat\r\n\r\n";
在此修改之前，浏览器无法将其解释为 TCP 包中的 HTTP 数据。