如何修复 Heroku 上的错误 "Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant" / Ruby
How do I fix the error "Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant" on Heroku / Ruby
我在部署后在 Heroku 上收到此错误，但我在本地没有收到此错误或遇到问题。
以下命名/命名空间等有什么问题？我错过了什么？
models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb
module Purchase::FinalizeUtils
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
end
models/purchase.rb
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
include FinalizeUtils
end
日志错误：
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553902+00:00 app[web.1]: RuntimeError: Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant Purchase::FinalizeUtils
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:492:in `load_missing_constant'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:19:in `<class:Purchase>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553905+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:494:in `load_missing_constant'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553908+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:317:in `depend_on'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:472:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:233:in `require_dependency'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `block in eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:346:in `eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553919+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553922+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/config/environment.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
对于未来遇到这个问题的人有什么价值，我发现我的问题是多种因素的结合。
首先，如果生产和开发是这种设置，它的功能会有所不同的原因是：
config.eager_load
之所以没有失败，是因为类似 "setups"（即 User::MyModule）似乎与 eager_loading 的文件处理顺序有关.
问题是问题有时似乎在模型之前加载，有时则相反。这两个版本都有问题，因为 Class 购买被视为不同的 class（因为一个是子 class 而另一个不是）并且没有正确地重新打开。
所以我需要改变这个：
module Purchase::FinalizeUtils
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
end
对此：
#models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
module FinalizeUtils
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
end
end
end
这允许重新打开而不是重新定义 class 购买。或类似的东西。无论哪种方式，上面的方法都允许我命名我的关注点，包括这样的：
#models/purchase.rb
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
include FinalizeUtils
end
文件未命名为延迟加载可找到，但由于模块位于 class，查找路径找到它。
我在部署后在 Heroku 上收到此错误，但我在本地没有收到此错误或遇到问题。
以下命名/命名空间等有什么问题？我错过了什么？
models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb
module Purchase::FinalizeUtils
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
end
models/purchase.rb
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
include FinalizeUtils
end
日志错误：
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553902+00:00 app[web.1]: RuntimeError: Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant Purchase::FinalizeUtils
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:492:in `load_missing_constant'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:19:in `<class:Purchase>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553905+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:494:in `load_missing_constant'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553908+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:317:in `depend_on'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:472:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:233:in `require_dependency'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `block in eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:346:in `eager_load!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553919+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553922+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/config/environment.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
对于未来遇到这个问题的人有什么价值，我发现我的问题是多种因素的结合。
首先，如果生产和开发是这种设置，它的功能会有所不同的原因是：
config.eager_load
之所以没有失败，是因为类似 "setups"（即 User::MyModule）似乎与 eager_loading 的文件处理顺序有关.
问题是问题有时似乎在模型之前加载，有时则相反。这两个版本都有问题，因为 Class 购买被视为不同的 class（因为一个是子 class 而另一个不是）并且没有正确地重新打开。
所以我需要改变这个：
module Purchase::FinalizeUtils
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
end
对此：
#models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
module FinalizeUtils
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
end
end
end
这允许重新打开而不是重新定义 class 购买。或类似的东西。无论哪种方式，上面的方法都允许我命名我的关注点，包括这样的：
#models/purchase.rb
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
include FinalizeUtils
end
文件未命名为延迟加载可找到，但由于模块位于 class，查找路径找到它。