Programming Erlang(2nd, Armstrong) p.15-18:为什么 shell 在第二个接收后挂起?

Programming Erlang(2nd, Armstrong) p.15-18: Why does the shell hang after a second receive?

这是我的代码:

-module(afile_server).
-export([start/1, loop/1]).

start(Dir) -> 
    spawn(afile_server, loop, [Dir]).

loop(Dir) ->
    receive
        {Client, list_files} -> 
            Client ! {self(), file:list_dir(Dir)};
        {Client, {get_file, File}} -> 
            Full = filename:join(Dir, File),
            Client ! {self(), file:read_file(Full)}
    end,
    loop(Dir).

以下是 shell 命令:

$ erl
Erlang/OTP 17 [erts-6.4] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]
Eshell V6.4  (abort with ^G)

2> c(afile_server).
{ok,afile_server}

3> Server = afile_server:start(".").
<0.43.0>

4> Server ! {self(), list_files}.
{<0.32.0>,list_files}

5> receive X -> X end. 
{<0.43.0>,
 {ok,["afile_client.erl","afile_server.beam",
      "afile_server.erl","hello.beam","hello.erl","old"]}}

6> Server ! {self(), {get_file, "hello.erl"}}.
{<0.32.0>,{get_file,"hello.erl"}}

7> receive X -> X end.

<hangs>

好的,我在这里找到了答案:

http://erlang.org/pipermail/erlang-questions/2007-April/026121.html

谢谢安德斯·尼格伦!

对于第一次接收,X 开始未绑定,它将匹配任何内容。当第一个接收检查来自文件服务器的消息时,X 被绑定到消息,即值:

 {ok,["afile_client.erl","afile_server.beam",
      "afile_server.erl","hello.beam","hello.erl","old"]}}

在第二个接收中,X 已经绑定,因此接收正在寻找匹配项:

 {ok,["afile_client.erl","afile_server.beam",
      "afile_server.erl","hello.beam","hello.erl","old"]}}

第二次接收挂起,因为文件服务器发送的消息是:

{ok,<<"-module(hello).\n-export([start/0]).\n\nstart() ->
    io:format(\"hello world~n\").\n">>}}

与 X 不匹配(好的匹配,但之后没有匹配)。

解决方案是为第二次接收使用不同的变量:

7> receive Y -> Y end.