为什么sudo下tcpdump 运行超时不能生效?

Why can't timeout take effect for tcpdump run under sudo?

我想运行 tcpdump 命令,时间限制为 10 秒。

timeout 10 sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -nn 'host 192.168.1.176'

它不会停止。为什么这里的timeout命令对tcpdump不生效?

试试这个:

sudo timeout 10 tcpdump -i eth0 -nn 'host 192.168.1.176'

问题是 timeout 运行 具有您的用户权限。 sudo 进程将权限提升到 root(或其他用户),因此 timeout 不允许向子进程发送 SIGTERM。这可以用 strace 显示(我的评论以 # 开头,以及为了便于阅读而留空行):

user$ strace timeout 1 sudo sleep 5
# lots of irrelevant stuff
# here, timeout sets up the timer to get a signal when the child should be terminated
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [ALRM], NULL, 8) = 0
timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, {sigev_value={sival_int=1889673072, sival_ptr=0x560c70a21f70}, sigev_signo=SIGALRM, sigev_notify=SIGEV_SIGNAL}, [0]) = 0
timer_settime(0, 0, {it_interval={tv_sec=0, tv_nsec=0}, it_value={tv_sec=1, tv_nsec=0}}, NULL) = 0
wait4(12320, 0x7ffdfeb0ef0c, 0, NULL)   = ? ERESTARTSYS (To be restarted if SA_RESTART is set)

# the signal arrives
--- SIGALRM {si_signo=SIGALRM, si_code=SI_TIMER, si_timerid=0, si_overrun=0, si_value={int=1889673072, ptr=0x560c70a21f70}} ---

# timeout tries to kill the child
kill(12320, SIGTERM)                    = -1 EPERM (Operation not permitted)
# and gets EPERM!

修复 运行 root 权限超时。以下将按预期工作:

user$ sudo timeout 1 sleep 5

当然,如果您已经 root,那么在命令行中将timeout 1放在sudo之前还是之后都没有关系.

root$ sudo timeout 1 sleep 5
root$ timeout 1 sudo sleep 5