使用 if/else 语句驱动字符串 maya/python API

Question

我应该首先让您知道我正在尝试从 Maya 重新创建瞄准约束 UI。这是我第一次使用 python 所以我只是在做一个小项目来解决这个问题。

问题子项是维护偏移量布尔值和世界向上向量枚举。我不知道如何调用他们的结果来驱动目标约束的变量。

好的。所以我在使我的 if/else 语句正常工作时遇到了一些问题。每次我尝试使用它们（Maintain Offset Row，World Up Type Row）时，我都会得到 "invalid syntax" 或 "unexpected indent" 或其他一些我在使用 Csharp 时从未统一过的错误。最重要的是，我不知道如何通过另一个定义来调用一个定义。

（我删掉了很多不太重要的项目，方便您查看。）

#AimConstrain.py

import maya.cmds as cmds
import functools

#main
maintainOffsetBool = False
OffsetX = 0.0
OffsetY = 0.0
OffsetZ = 0.0
aimVectorX = 1.0
aimVectorY = 0.0
aimVectorZ = 0.0
upVectorX = 0.0
upVectorY = 1.0
upVectorZ = 0.0
worldUpTypeField = ''
worldUpVectorX = 0.0
worldUpVectorY = 1.0
worldUpVectorZ = 0.0
weightFloat = 1.0 

def createUI( pWindowTitle, pApplyCallback ):

    windowID = 'CustomAimConstraint'

    if cmds.window( windowID, exists=True ):
        cmds.deleteUI( windowID )

    cmds.window( windowID, title=pWindowTitle, sizeable=False, resizeToFitChildren=True )

    cmds.rowColumnLayout( numberOfColumns=6, columnWidth=[ (1,60), (2,90), (3,75), (4,75), (5,75), (6,60) ], columnOffset=[ (1, 'right',3) ] )


    # Maintain Offset Row
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Maintain Offset: ')

    maintainOffsetCB = cmds.checkBox( value = False, label='' ):
    if(maintainOffsetCB):
        maintainOffsetBool = True
    else():
        maintainOffsetBool = False

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # The XYZ of the Offset
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Offset:' )

    OffsetX = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    OffsetY = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    OffsetZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # The XYZ of the Aim Vector
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Aim Vector:' )

    aimVectorX = cmds.floatField( value=1, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    aimVectorY = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    aimVectorZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # The XYZ of the Up Vector
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Up Vector:' )

    upVectorX = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    upVectorY = cmds.floatField( value=1, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    upVectorZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # World Up Type Row
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='World Up Type:' )

    cmds.optionMenu("worldUpTypeMenu", width=2 )
    cmds.menuItem( label = 'Vector' )
    cmds.menuItem( label = 'World' )
    cmds.menuItem( label = 'None' )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # World Up XYZ
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='World Up Vector:' )

    worldUpVectorX = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    worldUpVectorY = cmds.floatField( value=1, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    worldUpVectorZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # Weight Setting
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Weight: ' )

    weightFloat = cmds.floatField( value=1 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # Bottom Row / Buttons and shit
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.button( label='Add', command=addCallBack )

    cmds.button( label='Apply', command=applyCallBack )

    cmds.button( label='Cancel', command=cancelCallBack )

    cmds.showWindow()

# this is for the enum, go to World Up Type row.
def worldUpTypeDef():
    currentValue = cmds.optionMenu("worldUpTypeMenu", query=True, value=True):
    if currentValue == 'Vector':
        worldUpTypeField = 'Vector'
    elif currentValue == 'World':
        worldUpTypeField = 'World'
    elif currentValue == 'None':
        worldUpTypeField = 'None'

def cancelCallBack():
    if cmds.window( windowID, exists=True ):
        cmds.deleteUI( windowID )

def applyCallBack(applyConstraint, worldUpTypeDef):


def addCallBack(applyConstraint, worldUpTypeDef):
    if cmds.window( windowID, exists=True ):
        cmds.deleteUI( windowID )

createUI( 'Custom Aim Constraint', applyCallBack )

# Defines the Aim Constraint itself.
def applyConstraint():
    selectionList = cmds.ls( orderedSelection=True )

    if len( selectionList ) >= 2:

        print 'Selected items: %s' % ( selectionList )

        targetName = selectionList[0]

        selectionList.remove( targetName )

        for objectName in selectionList:

            print 'Constraining %s towards %s' % ( objectName, targetName )

            cmds.aimConstraint( targetName, objectName, aimVector = [aimVectorX, aimVectorY, aimVectorZ], maintainOffset = maintainOffestBool, offset = [OffsetX, OffsetY, OffsetZ], upVector = [upVectorX, upVectorY, upVectorZ], weight = weightFloat, worldUpType = worldUpTypeField, worldUpVector = [worldUpVectorX, worldUpVectorY, worldUpVectorZ] )
                #aimConstraint( [target...] object , [aimVector=[float, float, float]], [maintainOffset=boolean], [name=string], [offset=[float, float, float]], [remove=boolean], [skip=string], [targetList=boolean], [upVector=[float, float, float]], [weight=float], [weightAliasList=boolean], [worldUpObject=name], [worldUpType=string], [worldUpVector=[float, float, float]]) 

    else:

        print 'Please select two or more objects.'

谁能帮我解决这个乱七八糟的代码？

Answer 1

我已经修复了你所有的语法错误，但我没有安装 maya 模块，我不知道你的代码做了什么，所以如果有什么问题我不能告诉你。如果有任何问题请告诉我

#AimConstrain.py

import maya.cmds as cmds
import functools

#main
maintainOffsetBool = False
OffsetX = 0.0
OffsetY = 0.0
OffsetZ = 0.0
aimVectorX = 1.0
aimVectorY = 0.0
aimVectorZ = 0.0
upVectorX = 0.0
upVectorY = 1.0
upVectorZ = 0.0
worldUpTypeField = ''
worldUpVectorX = 0.0
worldUpVectorY = 1.0
worldUpVectorZ = 0.0
weightFloat = 1.0 

def createUI( pWindowTitle, pApplyCallback ):

    windowID = 'CustomAimConstraint'

    if cmds.window( windowID, exists=True ):
        cmds.deleteUI( windowID )

    cmds.window( windowID, title=pWindowTitle, sizeable=False, resizeToFitChildren=True )

    cmds.rowColumnLayout( numberOfColumns=6, columnWidth=[ (1,60), (2,90), (3,75), (4,75), (5,75), (6,60) ], columnOffset=[ (1, 'right',3) ] )


    # Maintain Offset Row
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Maintain Offset: ')

    maintainOffsetCB = cmds.checkBox( value = False, label='' )
    if(maintainOffsetCB):
        maintainOffsetBool = True
    else:
        maintainOffsetBool = False

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # The XYZ of the Offset
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Offset:' )

    OffsetX = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    OffsetY = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    OffsetZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # The XYZ of the Aim Vector
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Aim Vector:' )

    aimVectorX = cmds.floatField( value=1, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    aimVectorY = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    aimVectorZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # The XYZ of the Up Vector
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Up Vector:' )

    upVectorX = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    upVectorY = cmds.floatField( value=1, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    upVectorZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # World Up Type Row
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='World Up Type:' )

    cmds.optionMenu("worldUpTypeMenu", width=2 )
    cmds.menuItem( label = 'Vector' )
    cmds.menuItem( label = 'World' )
    cmds.menuItem( label = 'None' )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # World Up XYZ
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='World Up Vector:' )

    worldUpVectorX = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    worldUpVectorY = cmds.floatField( value=1, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    worldUpVectorZ = cmds.floatField( value=0, maxValue=1.0, minValue=0.0 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # Weight Setting
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.text( label='Weight: ' )

    weightFloat = cmds.floatField( value=1 )

    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    # Bottom Row / Buttons and shit
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )
    cmds.separator( h=10, style='none' )

    cmds.button( label='Add', command=addCallBack )

    cmds.button( label='Apply', command=applyCallBack )

    cmds.button( label='Cancel', command=cancelCallBack )

    cmds.showWindow()

# this is for the enum, go to World Up Type row.
def worldUpTypeDef():
    currentValue = cmds.optionMenu("worldUpTypeMenu", query=True, value=True)
    if currentValue == 'Vector':
        worldUpTypeField = 'Vector'
    elif currentValue == 'World':
        worldUpTypeField = 'World'
    elif currentValue == 'None':
        worldUpTypeField = 'None'

def cancelCallBack():
    if cmds.window( windowID, exists=True ):
        cmds.deleteUI( windowID )

def applyCallBack(applyConstraint, worldUpTypeDef):
    print()


def addCallBack(applyConstraint, worldUpTypeDef):
    if cmds.window( windowID, exists=True ):
        cmds.deleteUI( windowID )

createUI( 'Custom Aim Constraint', applyCallBack )

# Defines the Aim Constraint itself.
def applyConstraint():
    selectionList = cmds.ls( orderedSelection=True )

    if len( selectionList ) >= 2:

        print ('Selected items: %s' % ( selectionList ))

        targetName = selectionList[0]

        selectionList.remove( targetName )

        for objectName in selectionList:

            print ('Constraining %s towards %s' % ( objectName, targetName ))

            cmds.aimConstraint( targetName, objectName, aimVector = [aimVectorX, aimVectorY, aimVectorZ], maintainOffset = maintainOffestBool, offset = [OffsetX, OffsetY, OffsetZ], upVector = [upVectorX, upVectorY, upVectorZ], weight = weightFloat, worldUpType = worldUpTypeField, worldUpVector = [worldUpVectorX, worldUpVectorY, worldUpVectorZ] )
                #aimConstraint( [target...] object , [aimVector=[float, float, float]], [maintainOffset=boolean], [name=string], [offset=[float, float, float]], [remove=boolean], [skip=string], [targetList=boolean], [upVector=[float, float, float]], [weight=float], [weightAliasList=boolean], [worldUpObject=name], [worldUpType=string], [worldUpVector=[float, float, float]]) 

    else:

        print ('Please select two or more objects.')

Answer 2

新错误解释得很好:

# Error: addCallBack() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given) #

您定义：

def addCallBack(applyConstraint, worldUpTypeDef):

所以你必须在这里使用 partial 来提供你的 def :

第 131 行：cmds.button( label='Add', command=addCallBack )

[...etc]

cmds.button( label='Add', command=partial(addCallBack, "First Arg", "Scnd Arg") )

[...etc]

def addCallBack(applyConstraint, worldUpTypeDef, *args):

请注意，maya ui return 除了您的命令标记之外还有一个值为 True 的值，这就是我们将“*args”添加到 def

的原因

--- 编辑 ---

关于部分的更多解释：

注意我写了："First Arg" 但它可以是任何类型的数据：字符串、列表、值、参数、字典、def、class...等

使用 if/else 语句驱动字符串 maya/python API

Driving Strings with if/else statements maya/python API

python

if-statement

function

maya

maya-api