Ocaml 解释器

Interpreter with Ocaml

我用 Ocaml 编写了一个解释器,但是当我尝试时:

sem(Let("Somma",Fun("x",Sum(Den "x",Eint(5))),Let("pipa",Pipe(Seq(Den "Somma",Nil)),Apply(Den "pipa",Eint(42)))),(emptyenv Unbound));;

结果是错误的:"Exception: Match_failure ("",1,41)

我认为错误出在 applyPipe 中,但我不明白错误在哪里以及为什么会出现 我哪里错了?

这是我的代码:

type exp =
    .
    .
    .
    | Fun of ide * exp
    | Apply of exp * exp  
    | Letrec of ide * ide * exp * exp
    | Etup of tuple (*Tupla come espressione*)
    | Pipe of tuple (*Concatenazione di funzioni*)
    | ManyTimes of int * exp (*Esecuzione iterata di una funzione*)
and tuple = 
    | Nil (*Tupla vuota*)
    | Seq of exp * tuple (*Tupla di espressioni*)
;;

type eval= 
    | Int of int 
    | Bool of bool 
    | Unbound 
    | RecFunVal of ide * ide * exp * eval env
    | Funval of efun
    | ValTup of etuple
and efun = ide * exp * eval env
and etuple =
    | Nil
    | Seq of eval * etuple
;;

    let rec sem ((ex: exp), (r: eval env)) = match ex with
         .
         .
         .
         | Let(i, e1, e2) -> sem(e2, bind (r, i, sem(e1, r)))
         | Fun(i,a) -> Funval(i,a,r)
         | Letrec(f, i, fBody, letBody) ->
              let benv = bind(r, f, (RecFunVal(f, i, fBody, r)))
               in sem(letBody, benv)    
         | Etup(tup) -> (match tup with
            | Seq(ex1, tupla) ->
                let evex1 = sem(ex1, r) in
                let ValTup(etupl) = sem(Etup(tupla), r) in
                ValTup(Seq(evex1, etupl))
            | Nil -> ValTup(Nil))
         | Apply(Den f, arg1) ->
            (let fclosure= sem(Den f, r) in
               match fclosure with
                 | Funval(arg, fbody, fDecEnv) ->
                     sem(fbody, bind(fDecEnv, arg, sem(arg1, r)))
                 | RecFunVal(f, arg, fbody, fDecEnv) ->
                     let aVal= sem(arg1, r) in
                     let rEnv= bind(fDecEnv, f, fclosure) in
                     let aEnv= bind(rEnv, arg, aVal) in
                       sem(fbody, aEnv)
                 | _ -> failwith("non functional value"))
        | Apply(Pipe tup, arg) -> applyPipe tup arg r
        | Apply(_,_) -> failwith("not function")
        | _ -> failwith("non implementato")

    and applyPipe tup argo r = (match tup with 
        | Seq(Den f, tupla) -> 
            let appf = Apply(Den f,argo) in
                applyPipe tupla appf r
        | Nil -> sem(argo,r)
        | _ -> failwith("Not a valid Pipe"))
    ;;

完整的代码在那里:http://pastebin.com/VgpanX51 请帮帮我谢谢

当您编译(或在顶层评估)OCaml 程序时,类型检查器将发出关于所有不可反驳的模式匹配的警告,即可能引发 Match_failure 异常的模式。

您应该做的是检查所有警告并修复它们。

你的代码中有很多无可辩驳的匹配,例如,sem 函数最终匹配 Apply(_,_) -> failwith("not function") 只会捕获 Apply 个术语,但不会捕获所有其他术语,添加_ -> failwith "unimplemented" 之类的东西会修复它。

质量检查

the error is in the try-code or in my interpreter?

它在解释器中,您没有在 pattern-matching 代码中包含所有可能的情况。

.I do extend the typechecker

你不需要。 typechecker 验证你是否预料到所有可能的情况,例如,让我们举个简单的例子:

type abc = A | B | C

let string_of_abc abc = match abc with
  | A -> "A"
  | B -> "B"

当您尝试编译(或解释)上述代码时,类型检查器会告诉您:

Warning 8: this pattern-matching is not exhaustive.
Here is an example of a value that is not matched:
C
type abc = A | B | C

所以,它给了你一个提示,你忘记了与 C 构造函数匹配,所以表达式 string_of_abc C 将以 Match_failure 异常终止。

您可以按照提示添加案例one-by-one。鉴于您的示例,sema 函数中的模式匹配不完整,类型检查器会用以下内容命中您:

Warning 8: this pattern-matching is not exhaustive.
Here is an example of a value that is not matched:
(Pipe _|ManyTimes (_, _))

确实,你错过了 Pipe 的情况,所以当解释器看到

Pipe(...)

找不到匹配项,因为根据您的代码,您期望 Pipe 构造函数仅作为 Apply 的第一个参数,而在您的示例中,您实际上是将其作为第二个参数传递给 Let