django, pyenv, uwsgi - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'

django, pyenv, uwsgi - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'

我在 /etc/uwsgi/vassals/gsd.ini 中有以下 vassal 配置:

[uwsgi]
plugins = python
env = DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=%n.settings
virtualenv = /home/toogy/.pyenv/versions/%n
chdir = /home/webapps/%n
module = %n.wsgi:application
master = true
vacuum = true
pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi-%n.pid
socket = /tmp/uwsgi-%n.sock
daemonize = /var/log/uwsgi/%n.log
chmod-socket = 666
uid = toogy
gid = toogy

这是我得到的 uwsgi 日志

Tue Feb  7 10:49:12 2017 - received message 1 from emperor
...gracefully killing workers...
Gracefully killing worker 1 (pid: 31406)...
worker 1 buried after 1 seconds
binary reloading uWSGI...
chdir() to /etc/uwsgi/vassals
closing all non-uwsgi socket fds > 2 (max_fd = 1024)...
found fd 3 mapped to socket 0 (/tmp/uwsgi-gsd.sock)
running /usr/bin/uwsgi
*** has_emperor mode detected (fd: 7) ***
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from gsd.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.14 (64bit) on [Tue Feb  7 10:49:13 2017] ***
compiled with version: 6.3.1 20170109 on 18 January 2017 00:35:47
os: Linux-3.14.32-xxxx-grs-ipv6-64 #7 SMP Wed Jan 27 18:05:09 CET 2016
nodename: renard
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 4
current working directory: /etc/uwsgi/vassals
detected binary path: /usr/bin/uwsgi
chdir() to /home/webapps/gsd
your processes number limit is 15700
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 inherited UNIX address /tmp/uwsgi-gsd.sock fd 3
Python version: 3.6.0 (default, Jan 16 2017, 12:12:55)  [GCC 6.3.1 20170109]
PEP 405 virtualenv detected: /home/toogy/.pyenv/versions/gsd
Set PythonHome to /home/toogy/.pyenv/versions/gsd
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x39d21f0
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145536 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
added /home/webapps/gsd/ to pythonpath.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/webapps/gsd/gsd/wsgi.py", line 12, in <module>
    from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'django'
unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
*** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode ***
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
gracefully (RE)spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 27844)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 32312, cores: 1)

它找不到 django 我不知道为什么,因为 uwsgi 似乎检测到 python 环境(其中 django 已安装)。

此外,它说 Python version: 3.6.0 而我的 virtualenv Python 版本是 3.5.2。我不知道这是否应该发生。系统Python版本为3.6.0.

我正在使用 uwsgiuwsgi-plugins-python Arch Linux 官方软件包的最新版本。

看看这个 gsd.ini:

virtualenv = /home/toogy/.pyenv/versions/%n

你在这个虚拟环境下安装了django吗?

问题是 system-wide python 链接到 uwsgi 的版本需要与 virtualenv 的版本相同,我认为这是一件非常愚蠢的事情。

编辑 2021 年 4 月:我现在推荐使用 gunicorn,它没有这个问题

我还发现了一些可能的陷阱,我想分享一下:

  • 检查,如果 virtualenv(与 venvpyhomehome 相同)设置为包含 bin, include, lib, ...目录
  • 检查,如果用户(uid)可以读取您项目中的文件和虚拟环境中的库(这将以 ModuleNotFoundError 而不是权限错误结束)
  • 使用need-app在失败时退出(这有助于调试并且应该是默认的恕我直言)
  • 使用strict来避免配置中的拼写错误(这也应该是默认的...)
  • 如果您的 test.py 运行,请尝试导入您的项目和虚拟环境的模块,以测试它是否有效。它还有助于添加

    import sys
    print(sys.path)
    

你也可以复制打印出来的sys.path,打开一个python shell然后设置sys.path为同样的值,尝试导入想要的wsgi模块。

在我的例子中,它使用的是系统范围的 uwsgi,我正在使用 virtualenv 所以如果我执行

$ which uwsgi

我得到了/usr/local/python3.6/bin/uwsgi

正如 Valentin Iovene 建议您需要使用虚拟环境中的 uwsgi

我的目录结构是这样的:

~/Env
--/app
--/bin
----/....
----/uwsgi <-- This should be the good one
----/...
--/include
--/lib

app 目录是我的 django 应用所在的目录)

在我的例子中uwsgi文件没有执行权限所以我只执行了:

$ chmod +x ~/Env/bin/uwsgi

最后在我的app目录下执行uwsgi命令如下:

../bin/uwsgi --http :8000 --module app.wsgi

现在我可以看到我的应用程序正在运行:)

我正在遵循此指南:https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html

接下来的步骤是配置 nginxhttps...

我知道这是一个迟到的回复,但希望这对我有所帮助并分享对我有用的内容。