如何修复使用 python 的匹配游戏中的 int 错误？
How to fix the int error in a matching game using python?
好的，我一直在尝试这个。继续陷入 'int' 错误。
描述：
幼儿玩的一种常见的记忆配对游戏是从一副包含相同对的纸牌开始。例如，给定一副牌中的六张牌，其中两张可能标记为 1，两张标记为 2，另外两张标记为 3。将这些牌洗好并面朝下放在棋盘上。然后玩家选择两张面朝下的牌，将它们翻面朝上，如果牌相匹配，则将它们面朝上。如果两张牌不匹配，则将它们放回原来的面朝下位置。游戏一直持续到所有牌面朝上为止。
样本input/output:
main()
您输入的行数和列数...
输入行数：3
输入列数：2
* *
* *
* *
然后你像这样输入坐标...
输入第一张卡片的坐标：1 1
输入第二张牌的坐标：3 1
不是一对。在 (1,1) 找到 2 个，在 (3,1)
找到 1 个
* *
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：1 2
输入第二张卡片的坐标：2 2
不是一对。在 (1,2) 找到 2 个，在 (2,2)
找到 3 个
* *
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：1 1
输入第二张卡片的坐标：1 2
2 2
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：3 1
输入第二张牌的坐标：3 2
不是一对。在 (3,1) 找到 1 个，在 (3,2)
找到 3 个
2 2
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：2 1
输入第二张牌的坐标：3 1
2 2
1 *
1 *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：3 2
输入第二张卡片的坐标：2 2
2 2
1 3
1 3
要求：
设计要求：您需要使用三个classes：Card、Deck 和Game。 Card 存储了牌面值和牌面（一个字符串或布尔变量，表示牌面朝上还是朝下）。 Deck 包含游戏所需的卡片。它将在其方法中包含一个发牌方法，另一个洗牌方法，以及一个 returns 牌组中剩余牌数的方法。这两个 classes 与书中讨论的 classes Card and Deck 不同，但有许多共同点。 class 游戏模拟玩单个游戏并代表用户与其他 class 之间的交互。它的实例成员存储一个二维列表（卡片对象），表示放置卡片的游戏板、游戏板的行数和列数。 Gameclass的实例方法中：play()，模拟玩游戏； isGameOver()，检查游戏是否结束； displayBoard()，显示棋盘； populateBoard()，它创建了相同卡片对的初始 2D 列表，所有卡片都面朝下。很可能，您需要编写您认为合适的其他实例方法。
到目前为止我的代码：
import random
class Card(object):
'''A card object with a suit and face'''
def __init__(self, value):
'''Stores both the card's value and face'''
self._value = value
self._face = False
def getValue(self):
'''Get the value of the card'''
return self._value
def getFace(self):
'''Get the face of the card'''
return self._face
def setFace(self):
self._face = True
class Deck(object):
def __init__(self, pairs):
self._pairs = pairs
self._cards = []
for cards in range(self._pairs):
c1 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c1)
c2 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c2)
def deal(self):
if len(self) == 0:
return None
else:
return self._cards.pop(0)
def shuffle(self):
'''Shuffels the cards.'''
random.shuffle(self._cards)
def __len__(self):
'''Returns the number of cards in the deck'''
return len(self._cards)
class Game(object):
def __init__(self, rows, columns):
self._deck = Deck((rows * columns)//2)
self._rows = rows
self._columns = columns
self._board = []
for row in range(self._rows):
self._board.append([0] * columns)
def populateBoard(self):
self._deck_shuffle()
for columns in self._columns:
for rows in self._rows:
self._board[rows][columns] = self._deck_deal()
def displayBoard(self):
for rows in self._rows:
for columns in self._columns:
if self._board[rows][columns]._getFace() == False:
print('*')
else:
print(self._board[rows][columns._getValue()])
print()
def play(self):
while True:
if self.isGameOver() == False:
break
self.displayBoard()
coord1 = input('Enter coordinates for the first card: ')
coord2 = input('Enter coordinates for the second card: ')
newCoord1 = coord1.split(" ")
newCard1 = self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].getValue()
newCoord2 = coord2.split(" ")
newCard2 = self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].getValue()
if newCard1 != newCard2:
print("Not an identical pair. Found", newCard1, "at", newCoord1, "and", newcard2, "at", newCoord2)
else:
self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].setFace()
self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].setFace()
def isGameOver(self):
face = False
for rows in self._rows:
for columns in self._columns:
if self._board[row][column] == False:
face = True
return face
def main():
while True:
# Force user to enter valid value for number of rows
while True:
rows = input("Enter number of rows ")
if rows.isdigit() and ( 1 <= int(rows) <= 9):
rows = int(rows)
break
else:
print (" ***Number of rows must be between 1 and 9! Try again.***")
# Adding *** and indenting error message makes it easier for the user to see
# Force user to enter valid value for number of columns
while True:
columns = input("Enter number of columns ")
if columns.isdigit() and ( 1 <= int(columns) <= 9):
columns = int(columns)
break
else:
print (" ***Number of columns must be between 1 and 9! Try again.***")
if rows * columns % 2 == 0:
break
else:
print (" ***The value of rows X columns must be even. Try again.***")
game = Game(rows, columns)
game.play()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
抱歉格式问题。这个网站让我很困惑。哈哈。如果有人能帮助我，那就太好了。
精确回溯：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 135, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 132, in main
game.play()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 84, in play
self.displayBoard()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 74, in displayBoard
if self._board[rows][columns].getFace() == False:
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'getFace'
有时这个
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 130, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 127, in main
game.play()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 79, in play
self.displayBoard()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 67, in displayBoard
for rows in self._rows:
TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable
也许是 str 方法？没有把握。如果是，不知道如何为此写一个..
我解决了你的大部分问题。见内评论。您的代码未被考虑 "Pythonic"，但我保留了大部分代码。
您对变量和方法名称的选择可以改进。
例如，当遍历棋盘的行和列时，使用 row 和 col 作为迭代变量。
此外，Card class 中的 getFace() 方法也许可以更好地重命名为 isFaceUp()，或者类似的东西。在这种情况下，取消与 False 的比较也会使阅读更自然。
另一个问题是您对 setters/getters 的使用。他们不被视为 "Pythonic" 正如其他人已经在评论中建议的那样。
各种方法都有错误，有些是初级的，看来你是想一下子把所有东西都写出来。一次 write/test/debug 小段代码通常是个好主意。
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import print_function # I'm using Python 2.7 so need this
import random
class Card(object):
'''A card object with a suit and face'''
def __init__(self, value):
'''Stores both the card's value and face'''
self._value = value
self._face = False
# Getters and setters are not Pythonic
# Consider using property
def getValue(self):
'''Get the value of the card'''
return self._value
def getFace(self):
'''Get the face of the card'''
return self._face
def setFace(self):
self._face = True
def __str__(self):
'''Override str to return printable result. Useful for debugging.'''
return ", ".join(("Value: ", str(self._value), "Face: ", str(self._face)))
class Deck(object):
def __init__(self, pairs):
self._pairs = pairs
self._cards = []
for cards in range(self._pairs):
c1 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c1)
c2 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c2)
def deal(self):
if len(self) == 0:
return None
else:
return self._cards.pop(0)
def shuffle(self):
'''Shuffles the cards.'''
random.shuffle(self._cards)
def __len__(self):
'''Returns the number of cards in the deck'''
return len(self._cards)
class Game(object):
def __init__(self, rows, columns):
self._deck = Deck((rows * columns)//2)
self._rows = rows
self._columns = columns
self._board = []
for row in range(self._rows):
self._board.append([0] * self._columns)
self.populateBoard()
# self.revealBoard() # For debugging
def populateBoard(self):
self._deck.shuffle()
# For debugging
# print("Deck: {}".format(map(str, self._deck._cards)))
# self._board = [[self._deck.deal() for _ in range(self._columns)]
# for _ in range(self._rows)]
# Consider renaming variables as col and row. Similar for others
# elsewhere
for columns in range(self._columns):
for rows in range(self._rows):
self._board[rows][columns] = self._deck.deal()
def revealBoard(self):
"""For debugging. Reveal the cards for the board"""
for rows in range(self._rows):
for columns in range(self._columns):
print(str(self._board[rows][columns].getValue()) + " ", end="")
print("")
def displayBoard(self):
for rows in range(self._rows):
for columns in range(self._columns):
if self._board[rows][columns].getFace() == False:
print('* ', end="")
else:
# print(self._board[rows][columns._getValue()])
print(str(self._board[rows][columns].getValue()) + " ", end="")
print("") # Print newline after each row
def play(self):
while not self.isGameOver():
self.displayBoard()
coord1 = raw_input('Enter coordinates for the first card: ')
coord2 = raw_input('Enter coordinates for the second card: ')
newCoord1 = map(int, coord1.strip().split())
newCard1 = self._board[newCoord1[0]][newCoord1[1]].getValue()
newCoord2 = map(int, coord2.strip().split())
newCard2 = self._board[newCoord2[0]][newCoord2[1]].getValue()
# Need to check that user has entered valid data here
# newCoord1 = coord1.split(" ")
# newCard1 = self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].getValue()
# newCoord2 = coord2.split(" ")
# newCard2 = self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].getValue()
if newCard1 != newCard2:
print("Not an identical pair. Found", newCard1, "at", newCoord1, "and", newCard2, "at", newCoord2)
else:
self._board[newCoord1[0]][newCoord1[1]].setFace()
self._board[newCoord2[0]][newCoord2[1]].setFace()
# self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].setFace()
# self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].setFace()
print("Game Over")
self.displayBoard()
def isGameOver(self):
for rows in range(self._rows):
if not all(card.getFace() for card in self._board[rows]):
return False
# for columns in range(self._columns):
# # If there is still one card facing down then
# # game is not over yet
# if self._board[rows][columns].getFace() == False:
# return False
return True
def getUserInput(input_type):
while True:
try:
val = int(raw_input("Enter number of {}: ".format(input_type)))
if 1 <= val <= 9:
return val
else:
raise ValueError
except ValueError:
print (" ***Number of {} must be between 1 and 9! Try again.***".format(input_type))
def main():
while True:
# Force user to enter valid value for number of rows and columns
rows = getUserInput("rows")
columns = getUserInput("cols")
if rows * columns % 2 == 0:
break
else:
print (" ***The value of rows X columns must be even. Try again.***")
game = Game(rows, columns)
game.play()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
好的，我一直在尝试这个。继续陷入 'int' 错误。
描述：
幼儿玩的一种常见的记忆配对游戏是从一副包含相同对的纸牌开始。例如，给定一副牌中的六张牌，其中两张可能标记为 1，两张标记为 2，另外两张标记为 3。将这些牌洗好并面朝下放在棋盘上。然后玩家选择两张面朝下的牌，将它们翻面朝上，如果牌相匹配，则将它们面朝上。如果两张牌不匹配，则将它们放回原来的面朝下位置。游戏一直持续到所有牌面朝上为止。
样本input/output:
main()
您输入的行数和列数... 输入行数：3
输入列数：2
* *
* *
* *
然后你像这样输入坐标...
输入第一张卡片的坐标：1 1
输入第二张牌的坐标：3 1
不是一对。在 (1,1) 找到 2 个，在 (3,1)
找到 1 个* *
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：1 2
输入第二张卡片的坐标：2 2
不是一对。在 (1,2) 找到 2 个，在 (2,2)
找到 3 个* *
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：1 1
输入第二张卡片的坐标：1 2
2 2
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：3 1
输入第二张牌的坐标：3 2
不是一对。在 (3,1) 找到 1 个，在 (3,2)
找到 3 个2 2
* *
* *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：2 1
输入第二张牌的坐标：3 1
2 2
1 *
1 *
输入第一张卡片的坐标：3 2
输入第二张卡片的坐标：2 2
2 2
1 3
1 3
要求：
设计要求：您需要使用三个classes：Card、Deck 和Game。 Card 存储了牌面值和牌面（一个字符串或布尔变量，表示牌面朝上还是朝下）。 Deck 包含游戏所需的卡片。它将在其方法中包含一个发牌方法，另一个洗牌方法，以及一个 returns 牌组中剩余牌数的方法。这两个 classes 与书中讨论的 classes Card and Deck 不同，但有许多共同点。 class 游戏模拟玩单个游戏并代表用户与其他 class 之间的交互。它的实例成员存储一个二维列表（卡片对象），表示放置卡片的游戏板、游戏板的行数和列数。 Gameclass的实例方法中：play()，模拟玩游戏； isGameOver()，检查游戏是否结束； displayBoard()，显示棋盘； populateBoard()，它创建了相同卡片对的初始 2D 列表，所有卡片都面朝下。很可能，您需要编写您认为合适的其他实例方法。
到目前为止我的代码：
import random
class Card(object):
'''A card object with a suit and face'''
def __init__(self, value):
'''Stores both the card's value and face'''
self._value = value
self._face = False
def getValue(self):
'''Get the value of the card'''
return self._value
def getFace(self):
'''Get the face of the card'''
return self._face
def setFace(self):
self._face = True
class Deck(object):
def __init__(self, pairs):
self._pairs = pairs
self._cards = []
for cards in range(self._pairs):
c1 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c1)
c2 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c2)
def deal(self):
if len(self) == 0:
return None
else:
return self._cards.pop(0)
def shuffle(self):
'''Shuffels the cards.'''
random.shuffle(self._cards)
def __len__(self):
'''Returns the number of cards in the deck'''
return len(self._cards)
class Game(object):
def __init__(self, rows, columns):
self._deck = Deck((rows * columns)//2)
self._rows = rows
self._columns = columns
self._board = []
for row in range(self._rows):
self._board.append([0] * columns)
def populateBoard(self):
self._deck_shuffle()
for columns in self._columns:
for rows in self._rows:
self._board[rows][columns] = self._deck_deal()
def displayBoard(self):
for rows in self._rows:
for columns in self._columns:
if self._board[rows][columns]._getFace() == False:
print('*')
else:
print(self._board[rows][columns._getValue()])
print()
def play(self):
while True:
if self.isGameOver() == False:
break
self.displayBoard()
coord1 = input('Enter coordinates for the first card: ')
coord2 = input('Enter coordinates for the second card: ')
newCoord1 = coord1.split(" ")
newCard1 = self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].getValue()
newCoord2 = coord2.split(" ")
newCard2 = self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].getValue()
if newCard1 != newCard2:
print("Not an identical pair. Found", newCard1, "at", newCoord1, "and", newcard2, "at", newCoord2)
else:
self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].setFace()
self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].setFace()
def isGameOver(self):
face = False
for rows in self._rows:
for columns in self._columns:
if self._board[row][column] == False:
face = True
return face
def main():
while True:
# Force user to enter valid value for number of rows
while True:
rows = input("Enter number of rows ")
if rows.isdigit() and ( 1 <= int(rows) <= 9):
rows = int(rows)
break
else:
print (" ***Number of rows must be between 1 and 9! Try again.***")
# Adding *** and indenting error message makes it easier for the user to see
# Force user to enter valid value for number of columns
while True:
columns = input("Enter number of columns ")
if columns.isdigit() and ( 1 <= int(columns) <= 9):
columns = int(columns)
break
else:
print (" ***Number of columns must be between 1 and 9! Try again.***")
if rows * columns % 2 == 0:
break
else:
print (" ***The value of rows X columns must be even. Try again.***")
game = Game(rows, columns)
game.play()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
抱歉格式问题。这个网站让我很困惑。哈哈。如果有人能帮助我，那就太好了。
精确回溯：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 135, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 132, in main
game.play()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 84, in play
self.displayBoard()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 74, in displayBoard
if self._board[rows][columns].getFace() == False:
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'getFace'
有时这个
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 130, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 127, in main
game.play()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 79, in play
self.displayBoard()
File "C:\Users\River\Desktop\Hw-3.py", line 67, in displayBoard
for rows in self._rows:
TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable
也许是 str 方法？没有把握。如果是，不知道如何为此写一个..
我解决了你的大部分问题。见内评论。您的代码未被考虑 "Pythonic"，但我保留了大部分代码。
您对变量和方法名称的选择可以改进。
例如，当遍历棋盘的行和列时，使用 row 和 col 作为迭代变量。
此外，Card class 中的 getFace() 方法也许可以更好地重命名为 isFaceUp()，或者类似的东西。在这种情况下，取消与 False 的比较也会使阅读更自然。
另一个问题是您对 setters/getters 的使用。他们不被视为 "Pythonic" 正如其他人已经在评论中建议的那样。
各种方法都有错误，有些是初级的，看来你是想一下子把所有东西都写出来。一次 write/test/debug 小段代码通常是个好主意。
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import print_function # I'm using Python 2.7 so need this
import random
class Card(object):
'''A card object with a suit and face'''
def __init__(self, value):
'''Stores both the card's value and face'''
self._value = value
self._face = False
# Getters and setters are not Pythonic
# Consider using property
def getValue(self):
'''Get the value of the card'''
return self._value
def getFace(self):
'''Get the face of the card'''
return self._face
def setFace(self):
self._face = True
def __str__(self):
'''Override str to return printable result. Useful for debugging.'''
return ", ".join(("Value: ", str(self._value), "Face: ", str(self._face)))
class Deck(object):
def __init__(self, pairs):
self._pairs = pairs
self._cards = []
for cards in range(self._pairs):
c1 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c1)
c2 = Card(cards)
self._cards.append(c2)
def deal(self):
if len(self) == 0:
return None
else:
return self._cards.pop(0)
def shuffle(self):
'''Shuffles the cards.'''
random.shuffle(self._cards)
def __len__(self):
'''Returns the number of cards in the deck'''
return len(self._cards)
class Game(object):
def __init__(self, rows, columns):
self._deck = Deck((rows * columns)//2)
self._rows = rows
self._columns = columns
self._board = []
for row in range(self._rows):
self._board.append([0] * self._columns)
self.populateBoard()
# self.revealBoard() # For debugging
def populateBoard(self):
self._deck.shuffle()
# For debugging
# print("Deck: {}".format(map(str, self._deck._cards)))
# self._board = [[self._deck.deal() for _ in range(self._columns)]
# for _ in range(self._rows)]
# Consider renaming variables as col and row. Similar for others
# elsewhere
for columns in range(self._columns):
for rows in range(self._rows):
self._board[rows][columns] = self._deck.deal()
def revealBoard(self):
"""For debugging. Reveal the cards for the board"""
for rows in range(self._rows):
for columns in range(self._columns):
print(str(self._board[rows][columns].getValue()) + " ", end="")
print("")
def displayBoard(self):
for rows in range(self._rows):
for columns in range(self._columns):
if self._board[rows][columns].getFace() == False:
print('* ', end="")
else:
# print(self._board[rows][columns._getValue()])
print(str(self._board[rows][columns].getValue()) + " ", end="")
print("") # Print newline after each row
def play(self):
while not self.isGameOver():
self.displayBoard()
coord1 = raw_input('Enter coordinates for the first card: ')
coord2 = raw_input('Enter coordinates for the second card: ')
newCoord1 = map(int, coord1.strip().split())
newCard1 = self._board[newCoord1[0]][newCoord1[1]].getValue()
newCoord2 = map(int, coord2.strip().split())
newCard2 = self._board[newCoord2[0]][newCoord2[1]].getValue()
# Need to check that user has entered valid data here
# newCoord1 = coord1.split(" ")
# newCard1 = self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].getValue()
# newCoord2 = coord2.split(" ")
# newCard2 = self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].getValue()
if newCard1 != newCard2:
print("Not an identical pair. Found", newCard1, "at", newCoord1, "and", newCard2, "at", newCoord2)
else:
self._board[newCoord1[0]][newCoord1[1]].setFace()
self._board[newCoord2[0]][newCoord2[1]].setFace()
# self._board[int(newCoord1[0])][int(newCoord1[1])].setFace()
# self._board[int(newCoord2[0])][int(newCoord2[1])].setFace()
print("Game Over")
self.displayBoard()
def isGameOver(self):
for rows in range(self._rows):
if not all(card.getFace() for card in self._board[rows]):
return False
# for columns in range(self._columns):
# # If there is still one card facing down then
# # game is not over yet
# if self._board[rows][columns].getFace() == False:
# return False
return True
def getUserInput(input_type):
while True:
try:
val = int(raw_input("Enter number of {}: ".format(input_type)))
if 1 <= val <= 9:
return val
else:
raise ValueError
except ValueError:
print (" ***Number of {} must be between 1 and 9! Try again.***".format(input_type))
def main():
while True:
# Force user to enter valid value for number of rows and columns
rows = getUserInput("rows")
columns = getUserInput("cols")
if rows * columns % 2 == 0:
break
else:
print (" ***The value of rows X columns must be even. Try again.***")
game = Game(rows, columns)
game.play()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()