postgresql 忽略递归查询的索引

Question

我有一个 table 表示层次结构链接图（parent_id、child_id） table 有父级、子级和两者的索引。该图可能包含循环，我需要检查它们（或者，也许我需要找到所有循环以消除它们）。

而且我需要追溯查询一个节点的所有父节点。为此我使用这个查询（它应该保存在视图中）：

WITH RECURSIVE recursion(parent_id, child_id, node_id, path) AS (
     SELECT h.parent_id,
        h.child_id,
        h.child_id AS node_id,
        ARRAY[h.parent_id, h.child_id] AS path
       FROM hierarchy h
    UNION ALL
     SELECT h.parent_id,
        h.child_id,
        r.node_id,
        ARRAY[h.parent_id] || r.path 
       FROM hierarchy h JOIN recursion r ON h.child_id = r.parent_id
      WHERE NOT r.path @> ARRAY[h.parent_id]
    )
 SELECT parent_id,
    child_id,
    node_id,
    path
   FROM recursion
   where node_id = 883

对于这个查询，postgres 将使用非常棒的计划：

"CTE Scan on recursion  (cost=2703799682.88..4162807558.70 rows=324223972 width=56)"
"  Filter: (node_id = 883)"
"  CTE recursion"
"    ->  Recursive Union  (cost=0.00..2703799682.88 rows=64844794481 width=56)"
"          ->  Seq Scan on hierarchy h  (cost=0.00..74728.61 rows=4210061 width=56)"
"          ->  Merge Join  (cost=10058756.99..140682906.47 rows=6484058442 width=56)"
"                Merge Cond: (h_1.child_id = r.parent_id)"
"                Join Filter: (NOT (r.path @> ARRAY[h_1.parent_id]))"
"                ->  Index Scan using hierarchy_idx_child on hierarchy h_1  (cost=0.43..256998.25 rows=4210061 width=16)"
"                ->  Materialize  (cost=10058756.56..10269259.61 rows=42100610 width=48)"
"                      ->  Sort  (cost=10058756.56..10164008.08 rows=42100610 width=48)"
"                            Sort Key: r.parent_id"
"                            ->  WorkTable Scan on recursion r  (cost=0.00..842012.20 rows=42100610 width=48)"

似乎 postgres 不理解 node_id 上的外部过滤器应用于第一个递归子查询中的 child_id。

我想我做错了。但具体在哪里？

Answer 1

看来您只需要将 WHERE node_id = 883 移动到并集的第一部分：

WITH RECURSIVE recursion(parent_id, child_id, node_id, path) AS (
     SELECT h.parent_id,
        h.child_id,
        h.child_id AS node_id,
        ARRAY[h.parent_id, h.child_id] AS path
       FROM hierarchy h
      WHERE node_id = 883
    UNION ALL
     SELECT h.parent_id,
        h.child_id,
        r.node_id,
        ARRAY[h.parent_id] || r.path 
       FROM hierarchy h JOIN recursion r ON h.child_id = r.parent_id
      WHERE NOT r.path @> ARRAY[h.parent_id]
    )
 SELECT parent_id,
    child_id,
    node_id,
    path
   FROM recursion

Answer 2

这是解决图遍历任务的更有效的方法。

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.terr_ancestors(IN bigint)
RETURNS TABLE(node_id bigint, depth integer, path bigint[]) AS
$BODY$
WITH RECURSIVE recursion(node_id, depth, path) AS (
  SELECT  as node_id, 0, ARRAY[] AS path
  UNION ALL
  SELECT h.parent_id as node_id, r.depth + 1, h.parent_id || r.path
    FROM hierarchy h JOIN recursion r ON h.child_id = r.node_id
    WHERE h.parent_id != ANY(path)
)
SELECT * FROM recursion
$BODY$

后代也采用类似的方式。

postgresql 忽略递归查询的索引

postgresql ignores index for recursive query

postgresql

recursive-query

hierarchical-data