来自 bash 脚本的 ssh-add 并自动输入密码

Question

我正在尝试从脚本执行 ssh-add（目前不关心安全性）。

现在 ssh 提示输入密码，这需要自动化，所以我读了一些东西，比如 this and found expect。

现在我执行以下操作：

eval `ssh-agent -s`

脚本 tmp.sh 定义为：

#!/usr/bin/expect
spawn ssh-add /root/.ssh/id_rsa
expect "Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa:"
send "my_pass"
interact

./tmp.sh

ssh-add -l

如果 ssh-add 可以正常工作，它会显示类似

的内容

4096 SHA256:wlfP/nhVSWXLcljBOen5GSYZXJGgfi/XJWfZeBwqRsM id_rsa (RSA)

但是我得到 The agent has no identities. 似乎 ssh-agent 失去了它的上下文。

我愿意接受其他解决方案来做到这一点。

Answer 1

已更新，因为第一个无效

我没试过，但如果真的是 expect 失去上下文，稍后再设置它可能是个好主意：

auto-passphrase-add.expect（替换tmp.sh）

/usr/bin/expect
spawn ./ssh-agent-ssh-add.sh /root/.ssh/id_rsa
expect "Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa:"
send "my_pass"
interact

ssh-agent-ssh-add.sh

#!/bin/sh
eval `ssh-agent -s`
ssh-add "$@"

Answer 2

就我个人而言，我觉得 expect 的使用有点麻烦。以下方法发现 how to make ssh-add read passphrase from a file 相当有用。

因此，如果您的 ssh-add 版本允许 -p 参数并且您不担心安全问题，那么这个应该有效：

#!/bin/bash
# store a file somewheres with your passphrase. For example's sake
# I'll just use $HOME/.myscrt

<$HOME/.myscrt ssh-add -p ~/.ssh/id_rsa

现在，如果 -p 不适合您，我发现第二种方法有点巧妙：

#!/bin/bash
# Same passfile and some minor enhancements from the OP of the linked
# solution
PASS="$(<$HOME/.myscrt)"

# the following is just a one-liner method of making an executable
# one-line script echoing the password to STDOUT
install -vm700 <(echo "echo $PASS") "$PWD/ps.sh"

# then the magic happens. NOTE: your DISPLAY variable should be set
# for this method to work (see ssh-add(1))
[[ -z "$DISPLAY" ]] && export DISPLAY=:0
< id_rsa SSH_ASKPASS="$PWD/ps.sh" ssh-add - && shred -n3 -uz  $PWD/ps.sh

当我测试我调用的脚本时 "j"，见下文：

$ cd /tmp
$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/me/.ssh/id_rsa): /tmp/id_rsa
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): asdfasdf
Enter same passphrase again: asdfasdf
Your identification has been saved in /tmp/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /tmp/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ed:1a:ae:c7:ac:47:5e:31:98:8e:18:8f:1c:67:94:6d jimconn@redapt-240
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|       o         |
|      o E        |
|     . . o       |
|    o o o.o      |
|   . O oS .o     |
|    + o o..      |
|       =...      |
|       .*o       |
|      o=o        |
+-----------------+
$ echo 'asdfasdf' > ~/.myscrt
$ chmod 0600 ~/.myscrt
$ ls -altr ~/.myscrt
-rw------- 1 me me 9 Feb 16 19:00 /home/me/.myscrt
$ cat ~/.myscrt
asdfasdf
$ ls -ltr
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 me me  400 Feb 16 18:59 id_rsa.pub
-rw------- 1 me me 1766 Feb 16 18:59 id_rsa
-rwx------ 1 me me  151 Feb 16 19:04 j
$ cat j
#!/bin/bash
PASS="$(<$HOME/.myscrt)"
install -vm700 <(echo "echo $PASS") "$PWD/ps.sh"
cat id_rsa | SSH_ASKPASS="$PWD/ps.sh" ssh-add - && shred -n3 -uz     $PWD/ps.sh
$ ./j
‘/dev/fd/63’ -> ‘/tmp/so/ps.sh’
Identity added: (stdin) ((stdin))
$ ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  j

因此，关于此方法需要快速注意的一件事是列出加载到 ssh-agent 中的身份只会显示 stdin 已加载：

$ ssh-add -D
All identities removed.
$ ssh-add -l
2048 ed:1a:ae:c7:ac:47:5e:31:98:8e:18:8f:1c:67:94:6d (stdin) (RSA)
$ ./j
‘/dev/fd/63’ -> ‘/tmp/so/ps.sh’
Identity added: (stdin) ((stdin))
$ ssh-add -l
2048 ed:1a:ae:c7:ac:47:5e:31:98:8e:18:8f:1c:67:94:6d (stdin) (RSA)

来自 bash 脚本的 ssh-add 并自动输入密码

ssh-add from bash script and automate passphrase entry

linux

ssh

bash

openssh

expect