CISCO Perl 脚本 - 多个语法错误
CISCO Perl script - multiple syntax errors
当我 运行 来自 Ubuntu 14.04 的以下代码时，出现多个语法错误。
root@bnbackup:~# perl asa_backup_3
#!/usr/bin/perl
#Function: Backup/restore configuration/extensions to/from a TFTP server.
#Description: The objective of this script is to show how to back up
#configurations/extensions before the backup/restore command is developed.
# It currently backs up the running configuration, all extensions imported via "import
#webvpn" command, the CSD configuration XML file, and the DAP configuration XML file.
#Requirements: Perl with Expect, SSH to the ASA, and a TFTP server.
#Usage: backupasa -option option_value
# -h: ASA hostname or IP address
# -u: User name to log in via SSH
# -w: Password to log in via SSH
# -e: The Enable password on the security appliance
# -p: Global configuration mode prompt
# -s: Host name or IP address of the TFTP server to store the configurations
# -r: Restore with an argument that specifies the file name. This file is produced
#during backup.
#If you don't enter an option, the script will prompt for it prior to backup.
#
#Make sure that you can SSH to the ASA.
use Expect;
use Getopt::Std;
#global variables
%options=();
$restore = 0; #does backup by default
$restore_file = `';
$asa = `';
$storage = `';
$user = `';
$password = `';
$enable = `';
$prompt = `';
$date = `date +%F';
chop($date);
my $exp = new Expect();
getopts("h:u:p:w:e:s:r:",\%options);
do process_options();
do login($exp);
do enable($exp);
if ($restore) {
do restore($exp,$restore_file);
}
else {
$restore_file = "$prompt-restore-$date.cli";
open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't open $restore_file\n";
do running_config($exp);
do lang_trans($exp);
do customization($exp);
do plugin($exp);
do url_list($exp);
do webcontent($exp);
do dap($exp);
do csd($exp);
close(OUT);
}
do finish($exp);
sub enable {
$obj = shift;
$obj->send("enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, `Password:')) {
print "timed out waiting for Password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt#")) {
print "timed out waiting for $prompt#\n";
}
}
sub lang_trans {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn translation-table\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /Translation Tables/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($lang, $transtable) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$cli = "export webvpn translation-table $transtable language $lang
$storage/$prompt-$date-$transtable-$lang.po";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub running_config {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$cli ="copy /noconfirm running-config $storage/$prompt-$date.cfg";
print "$cli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub customization {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn customization\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn customization $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-cust-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub plugin {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn plug-in\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn plug-in protocol $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-plugin-$_.jar";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub url_list {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn url-list\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/ or /No bookmarks/;
$cli="export webvpn url-list $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-urllist-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub dap {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir dap.xml\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm dap.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml disk0:/dap.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub csd {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir sdesktop\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm sdesktop/data.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml disk0:/sdesktop/data.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub webcontent {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn webcontent\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /No custom/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($url, $type) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$turl = $url;
$turl =~ s/\/\+//;
$turl =~ s/\+\//-/;
$cli = "export webvpn webcontent $url $storage/$prompt-$date-$turl";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub login {
$obj = shift;
$obj->raw_pty(1);
$obj->log_stdout(0); #turn off console logging.
$obj->spawn("/usr/bin/ssh $user\@$asa") or die "can't spawn ssh\n";
unless ($obj->expect(15, "password:" )) {
die "timeout waiting for password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$password\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt>" )) {
die "timeout waiting for $prompt>\n";
}
}
sub finish {
$obj = shift;
$obj->hard_close();
print "\n\n";
}
sub restore {
$obj = shift;
my $file = shift;
my $output;
open(IN,"$file") or die "can't open $file\n";
while (<IN>) {
$obj->send("$_");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
print "$output\n";
}
close(IN);
}
sub process_options {
if (defined($options{s})) {
$tstr= $options{s};
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
else {
print "Enter TFTP host name or IP address:";
chop($tstr=<>);
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
if (defined($options{h})) {
$asa = $options{h};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA host name or IP address:";
chop($asa=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{u})) {
$user= $options{u};
}
else {
print "Enter user name:";
chop($user=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{w})) {
$password= $options{w};
}
else {
print "Enter password:";
chop($password=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{p})) {
$prompt= $options{p};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA prompt:";
chop($prompt=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{e})) {
$enable = $options{e};
}
else {
print "Enter enable password:";
chop($enable=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{r})) {
$restore = 1;
$restore_file = $options{r};
}
}
错误：
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 31, near "$storage = `'"
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line 30)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 34, near "$enable = `'"
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line 33)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Bareword found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 36, near "$date = `date"
(Might be a runaway multi-line `` string starting on line 35)
(Missing operator before date?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 49, near "open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can'"
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line 36)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Bareword found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 49, near "open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't"
Backslash found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 49, near "$restore_file\"
(Missing operator before \?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 63, near "$obj->send(""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 49)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Backslash found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 63, near "enable\"
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 65, near "print ""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 63)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 67, near "$obj->send(""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 65)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Backslash found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 67, near "$enable\"
(Missing operator before \?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 68, near "unless ($obj->expect(15, ""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 67)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 31, near "$storage = `'"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 34, near "$enable = `'"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 36, near "$date = `date "
Unmatched right curly bracket at asa_backup_3 line 70, at end of line
Unmatched right curly bracket at asa_backup_3 line 71, at end of line
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 94, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 102, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 121, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 140, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 159, near "}"
asa_backup_3 has too many errors.
我想知道这些错误是否真的存在，因为此代码来自 CISCO
有人可以建议一种 运行 代码的方法，而不会出现所有这些错误。
谢谢！
更新 ,
按照 Jens 的说明并删除反引号后，我收到此错误：
Bareword found where operator expected at asa_backup_6 line 2, near "/extensions to/from a"
(Missing operator before a?)
Unknown regexp modifier "/f" at asa_backup_6 line 2, at end of line
Unknown regexp modifier "/r" at asa_backup_6 line 2, at end of line
syntax error at asa_backup_6 line 2, near "/extensions to/from a TFTP "
"use" not allowed in expression at asa_backup_6 line 35, at end of line
BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted at asa_backup_6 line 37.
更新 2：
这是我的代码现在在文件 asa_backup_6 中的样子：
#!/usr/bin/perl
#Function: Backup/restore configuration/extensions to/from a TFTP server.
#Description: The objective of this script is to show how to back up
#configurations/extensions before the backup/restore command is developed.
# It currently backs up the running configuration, all extensions imported via "import
#webvpn" command, the CSD configuration XML file, and the DAP configuration XML file.
#Requirements: Perl with Expect, SSH to the ASA, and a TFTP server.
#Usage: backupasa -option option_value
# -h: ASA hostname or IP address
# -u: User name to log in via SSH
# -w: Password to log in via SSH
# -e: The Enable password on the security appliance
# -p: Global configuration mode prompt
# -s: Host name or IP address of the TFTP server to store the configurations
# -r: Restore with an argument that specifies the file name. This file is produced
#during backup.
#If you don't enter an option, the script will prompt for it prior to backup.
#
#Make sure that you can SSH to the ASA.
use Expect;
use Getopt::Std;
#global variables
%options=();
$restore = 0; #does backup by default
$restore_file = '';
$asa = '';
$storage = '';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$enable = '';
$prompt = '';
$date = `date +%F`;
chop($date);
my $exp = new Expect();
getopts("h:u:p:w:e:s:r:",\%options);
do process_options();
do login($exp);
do enable($exp);
if ($restore) {
do restore($exp,$restore_file);
}
else {
$restore_file = "$prompt-restore-$date.cli";
open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't open $restore_file\n";
do running_config($exp);
do lang_trans($exp);
do customization($exp);
do plugin($exp);
do url_list($exp);
do webcontent($exp);
do dap($exp);
do csd($exp);
close(OUT);
}
do finish($exp);
sub enable {
$obj = shift;
$obj->send("enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, 'Password:')) {
print "timed out waiting for Password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt#")) {
print "timed out waiting for $prompt#\n";
}
}
sub lang_trans {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn translation-table\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /Translation Tables/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($lang, $transtable) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$cli = "export webvpn translation-table $transtable language $lang
$storage/$prompt-$date-$transtable-$lang.po";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub running_config {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$cli ="copy /noconfirm running-config $storage/$prompt-$date.cfg";
print "$cli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub customization {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn customization\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn customization $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-cust-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub plugin {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn plug-in\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn plug-in protocol $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-plugin-$_.jar";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub url_list {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn url-list\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/ or /No bookmarks/;
$cli="export webvpn url-list $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-urllist-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub dap {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir dap.xml\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm dap.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml disk0:/dap.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub csd {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir sdesktop\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm sdesktop/data.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml disk0:/sdesktop/data.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub webcontent {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn webcontent\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /No custom/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($url, $type) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$turl = $url;
$turl =~ s/\/\+//;
$turl =~ s/\+\//-/;
$cli = "export webvpn webcontent $url $storage/$prompt-$date-$turl";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub login {
$obj = shift;
$obj->raw_pty(1);
$obj->log_stdout(0); #turn off console logging.
$obj->spawn("/usr/bin/ssh $user\@$asa") or die "can't spawn ssh\n";
unless ($obj->expect(15, "password:" )) {
die "timeout waiting for password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$password\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt>" )) {
die "timeout waiting for $prompt>\n";
}
}
sub finish {
$obj = shift;
$obj->hard_close();
print "\n\n";
}
sub restore {
$obj = shift;
my $file = shift;
my $output;
open(IN,"$file") or die "can't open $file\n";
while (<IN>) {
$obj->send("$_");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
print "$output\n";
}
close(IN);
}
sub process_options {
if (defined($options{s})) {
$tstr= $options{s};
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
else {
print "Enter TFTP host name or IP address:";
chop($tstr=<>);
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
if (defined($options{h})) {
$asa = $options{h};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA host name or IP address:";
chop($asa=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{u})) {
$user= $options{u};
}
else {
print "Enter user name:";
chop($user=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{w})) {
$password= $options{w};
}
else {
print "Enter password:";
chop($password=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{p})) {
$prompt= $options{p};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA prompt:";
chop($prompt=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{e})) {
$enable = $options{e};
}
else {
print "Enter enable password:";
chop($enable=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{r})) {
$restore = 1;
$restore_file = $options{r};
}
}
更新 3
删除行后@Jens 在下面的评论中说：“#Function: Backup/restore configuration/extensions to/from 一个 TFTP 服务器。”
我明白了。请注意，现在它要求我在底线上输入 :-)
root@bnbackup:~# perl asa_backup_7
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 64.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 66.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 68.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 72.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 82.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 84.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 86.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 88.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 90.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 92.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 94.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 96.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 102.
**Enter TFTP host name or IP address:**
在 $restore_file =';` 的行中混合了反引号和单引号。将其更改为单引号。
改变：
restore_file = `';
$asa = `';
$storage = `';
$user = `';
$password = `';
$enable = `';
$prompt = `';
$date = `date +%F';
至
restore_file = '';
$asa = '';
$storage = '';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$enable = '';
$prompt = '';
$date = `date +%F`;
更新
这是一个反引号：
unless ($obj->expect(15, `Password:')) {
也必须改为：
unless ($obj->expect(15, 'Password:')) {
以上人员编辑后的完整工作代码：
#!/usr/bin/perl
#Description: The objective of this script is to show how to back up
#configurations/extensions before the backup/restore command is developed.
# It currently backs up the running configuration, all extensions imported via "import
#webvpn" command, the CSD configuration XML file, and the DAP configuration XML file.
#Requirements: Perl with Expect, SSH to the ASA, and a TFTP server.
#Usage: backupasa -option option_value
# -h: ASA hostname or IP address
# -u: User name to log in via SSH
# -w: Password to log in via SSH
# -e: The Enable password on the security appliance
# -p: Global configuration mode prompt
# -s: Host name or IP address of the TFTP server to store the configurations
# -r: Restore with an argument that specifies the file name. This file is produced
#during backup.
#If you don't enter an option, the script will prompt for it prior to backup.
#
#Make sure that you can SSH to the ASA.
use Expect;
use Getopt::Std;
#global variables
%options=();
$restore = 0; #does backup by default
$restore_file = '';
$asa = '';
$storage = '';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$enable = '';
$prompt = '';
$date = `date +%F`;
chop($date);
my $exp = new Expect();
getopts("h:u:p:w:e:s:r:",\%options);
do process_options();
do login($exp);
do enable($exp);
if ($restore) {
do restore($exp,$restore_file);
}
else {
$restore_file = "$prompt-restore-$date.cli";
open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't open $restore_file\n";
do running_config($exp);
do lang_trans($exp);
do customization($exp);
do plugin($exp);
do url_list($exp);
do webcontent($exp);
do dap($exp);
do csd($exp);
close(OUT);
}
do finish($exp);
sub enable {
$obj = shift;
$obj->send("enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, 'Password:')) {
print "timed out waiting for Password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt#")) {
print "timed out waiting for $prompt#\n";
}
}
sub lang_trans {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn translation-table\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /Translation Tables/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($lang, $transtable) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$cli = "export webvpn translation-table $transtable language $lang
$storage/$prompt-$date-$transtable-$lang.po";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub running_config {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$cli ="copy /noconfirm running-config $storage/$prompt-$date.cfg";
print "$cli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub customization {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn customization\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn customization $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-cust-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub plugin {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn plug-in\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn plug-in protocol $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-plugin-$_.jar";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub url_list {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn url-list\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/ or /No bookmarks/;
$cli="export webvpn url-list $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-urllist-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub dap {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir dap.xml\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm dap.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml disk0:/dap.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub csd {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir sdesktop\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm sdesktop/data.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml disk0:/sdesktop/data.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub webcontent {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn webcontent\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /No custom/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($url, $type) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$turl = $url;
$turl =~ s/\/\+//;
$turl =~ s/\+\//-/;
$cli = "export webvpn webcontent $url $storage/$prompt-$date-$turl";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub login {
$obj = shift;
$obj->raw_pty(1);
$obj->log_stdout(0); #turn off console logging.
$obj->spawn("/usr/bin/ssh $user\@$asa") or die "can't spawn ssh\n";
unless ($obj->expect(15, "password:" )) {
die "timeout waiting for password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$password\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt>" )) {
die "timeout waiting for $prompt>\n";
}
}
sub finish {
$obj = shift;
$obj->hard_close();
print "\n\n";
}
sub restore {
$obj = shift;
my $file = shift;
my $output;
open(IN,"$file") or die "can't open $file\n";
while (<IN>) {
$obj->send("$_");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
print "$output\n";
}
close(IN);
}
sub process_options {
if (defined($options{s})) {
$tstr= $options{s};
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
else {
print "Enter TFTP host name or IP address:";
chop($tstr=<>);
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
if (defined($options{h})) {
$asa = $options{h};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA host name or IP address:";
chop($asa=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{u})) {
$user= $options{u};
}
else {
print "Enter user name:";
chop($user=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{w})) {
$password= $options{w};
}
else {
print "Enter password:";
chop($password=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{p})) {
$prompt= $options{p};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA prompt:";
chop($prompt=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{e})) {
$enable = $options{e};
}
else {
print "Enter enable password:";
chop($enable=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{r})) {
$restore = 1;
$restore_file = $options{r};
}
}
当我 运行 来自 Ubuntu 14.04 的以下代码时，出现多个语法错误。
root@bnbackup:~# perl asa_backup_3
#!/usr/bin/perl
#Function: Backup/restore configuration/extensions to/from a TFTP server.
#Description: The objective of this script is to show how to back up
#configurations/extensions before the backup/restore command is developed.
# It currently backs up the running configuration, all extensions imported via "import
#webvpn" command, the CSD configuration XML file, and the DAP configuration XML file.
#Requirements: Perl with Expect, SSH to the ASA, and a TFTP server.
#Usage: backupasa -option option_value
# -h: ASA hostname or IP address
# -u: User name to log in via SSH
# -w: Password to log in via SSH
# -e: The Enable password on the security appliance
# -p: Global configuration mode prompt
# -s: Host name or IP address of the TFTP server to store the configurations
# -r: Restore with an argument that specifies the file name. This file is produced
#during backup.
#If you don't enter an option, the script will prompt for it prior to backup.
#
#Make sure that you can SSH to the ASA.
use Expect;
use Getopt::Std;
#global variables
%options=();
$restore = 0; #does backup by default
$restore_file = `';
$asa = `';
$storage = `';
$user = `';
$password = `';
$enable = `';
$prompt = `';
$date = `date +%F';
chop($date);
my $exp = new Expect();
getopts("h:u:p:w:e:s:r:",\%options);
do process_options();
do login($exp);
do enable($exp);
if ($restore) {
do restore($exp,$restore_file);
}
else {
$restore_file = "$prompt-restore-$date.cli";
open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't open $restore_file\n";
do running_config($exp);
do lang_trans($exp);
do customization($exp);
do plugin($exp);
do url_list($exp);
do webcontent($exp);
do dap($exp);
do csd($exp);
close(OUT);
}
do finish($exp);
sub enable {
$obj = shift;
$obj->send("enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, `Password:')) {
print "timed out waiting for Password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt#")) {
print "timed out waiting for $prompt#\n";
}
}
sub lang_trans {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn translation-table\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /Translation Tables/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($lang, $transtable) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$cli = "export webvpn translation-table $transtable language $lang
$storage/$prompt-$date-$transtable-$lang.po";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub running_config {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$cli ="copy /noconfirm running-config $storage/$prompt-$date.cfg";
print "$cli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub customization {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn customization\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn customization $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-cust-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub plugin {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn plug-in\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn plug-in protocol $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-plugin-$_.jar";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub url_list {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn url-list\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/ or /No bookmarks/;
$cli="export webvpn url-list $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-urllist-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub dap {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir dap.xml\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm dap.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml disk0:/dap.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub csd {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir sdesktop\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm sdesktop/data.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml disk0:/sdesktop/data.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub webcontent {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn webcontent\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /No custom/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($url, $type) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$turl = $url;
$turl =~ s/\/\+//;
$turl =~ s/\+\//-/;
$cli = "export webvpn webcontent $url $storage/$prompt-$date-$turl";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub login {
$obj = shift;
$obj->raw_pty(1);
$obj->log_stdout(0); #turn off console logging.
$obj->spawn("/usr/bin/ssh $user\@$asa") or die "can't spawn ssh\n";
unless ($obj->expect(15, "password:" )) {
die "timeout waiting for password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$password\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt>" )) {
die "timeout waiting for $prompt>\n";
}
}
sub finish {
$obj = shift;
$obj->hard_close();
print "\n\n";
}
sub restore {
$obj = shift;
my $file = shift;
my $output;
open(IN,"$file") or die "can't open $file\n";
while (<IN>) {
$obj->send("$_");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
print "$output\n";
}
close(IN);
}
sub process_options {
if (defined($options{s})) {
$tstr= $options{s};
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
else {
print "Enter TFTP host name or IP address:";
chop($tstr=<>);
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
if (defined($options{h})) {
$asa = $options{h};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA host name or IP address:";
chop($asa=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{u})) {
$user= $options{u};
}
else {
print "Enter user name:";
chop($user=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{w})) {
$password= $options{w};
}
else {
print "Enter password:";
chop($password=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{p})) {
$prompt= $options{p};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA prompt:";
chop($prompt=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{e})) {
$enable = $options{e};
}
else {
print "Enter enable password:";
chop($enable=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{r})) {
$restore = 1;
$restore_file = $options{r};
}
}
错误：
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 31, near "$storage = `'"
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line 30)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 34, near "$enable = `'"
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line 33)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Bareword found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 36, near "$date = `date"
(Might be a runaway multi-line `` string starting on line 35)
(Missing operator before date?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 49, near "open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can'"
(Might be a runaway multi-line '' string starting on line 36)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Bareword found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 49, near "open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't"
Backslash found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 49, near "$restore_file\"
(Missing operator before \?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 63, near "$obj->send(""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 49)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Backslash found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 63, near "enable\"
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 65, near "print ""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 63)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 67, near "$obj->send(""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 65)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
Backslash found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 67, near "$enable\"
(Missing operator before \?)
String found where operator expected at asa_backup_3 line 68, near "unless ($obj->expect(15, ""
(Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 67)
(Missing semicolon on previous line?)
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 31, near "$storage = `'"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 34, near "$enable = `'"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 36, near "$date = `date "
Unmatched right curly bracket at asa_backup_3 line 70, at end of line
Unmatched right curly bracket at asa_backup_3 line 71, at end of line
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 94, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 102, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 121, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 140, near "}"
syntax error at asa_backup_3 line 159, near "}"
asa_backup_3 has too many errors.
我想知道这些错误是否真的存在，因为此代码来自 CISCO
有人可以建议一种 运行 代码的方法，而不会出现所有这些错误。
谢谢！
更新 ,
按照 Jens 的说明并删除反引号后，我收到此错误：
Bareword found where operator expected at asa_backup_6 line 2, near "/extensions to/from a"
(Missing operator before a?)
Unknown regexp modifier "/f" at asa_backup_6 line 2, at end of line
Unknown regexp modifier "/r" at asa_backup_6 line 2, at end of line
syntax error at asa_backup_6 line 2, near "/extensions to/from a TFTP "
"use" not allowed in expression at asa_backup_6 line 35, at end of line
BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted at asa_backup_6 line 37.
更新 2：
这是我的代码现在在文件 asa_backup_6 中的样子：
#!/usr/bin/perl
#Function: Backup/restore configuration/extensions to/from a TFTP server.
#Description: The objective of this script is to show how to back up
#configurations/extensions before the backup/restore command is developed.
# It currently backs up the running configuration, all extensions imported via "import
#webvpn" command, the CSD configuration XML file, and the DAP configuration XML file.
#Requirements: Perl with Expect, SSH to the ASA, and a TFTP server.
#Usage: backupasa -option option_value
# -h: ASA hostname or IP address
# -u: User name to log in via SSH
# -w: Password to log in via SSH
# -e: The Enable password on the security appliance
# -p: Global configuration mode prompt
# -s: Host name or IP address of the TFTP server to store the configurations
# -r: Restore with an argument that specifies the file name. This file is produced
#during backup.
#If you don't enter an option, the script will prompt for it prior to backup.
#
#Make sure that you can SSH to the ASA.
use Expect;
use Getopt::Std;
#global variables
%options=();
$restore = 0; #does backup by default
$restore_file = '';
$asa = '';
$storage = '';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$enable = '';
$prompt = '';
$date = `date +%F`;
chop($date);
my $exp = new Expect();
getopts("h:u:p:w:e:s:r:",\%options);
do process_options();
do login($exp);
do enable($exp);
if ($restore) {
do restore($exp,$restore_file);
}
else {
$restore_file = "$prompt-restore-$date.cli";
open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't open $restore_file\n";
do running_config($exp);
do lang_trans($exp);
do customization($exp);
do plugin($exp);
do url_list($exp);
do webcontent($exp);
do dap($exp);
do csd($exp);
close(OUT);
}
do finish($exp);
sub enable {
$obj = shift;
$obj->send("enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, 'Password:')) {
print "timed out waiting for Password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt#")) {
print "timed out waiting for $prompt#\n";
}
}
sub lang_trans {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn translation-table\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /Translation Tables/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($lang, $transtable) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$cli = "export webvpn translation-table $transtable language $lang
$storage/$prompt-$date-$transtable-$lang.po";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub running_config {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$cli ="copy /noconfirm running-config $storage/$prompt-$date.cfg";
print "$cli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub customization {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn customization\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn customization $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-cust-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub plugin {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn plug-in\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn plug-in protocol $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-plugin-$_.jar";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub url_list {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn url-list\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/ or /No bookmarks/;
$cli="export webvpn url-list $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-urllist-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub dap {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir dap.xml\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm dap.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml disk0:/dap.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub csd {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir sdesktop\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm sdesktop/data.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml disk0:/sdesktop/data.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub webcontent {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn webcontent\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /No custom/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($url, $type) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$turl = $url;
$turl =~ s/\/\+//;
$turl =~ s/\+\//-/;
$cli = "export webvpn webcontent $url $storage/$prompt-$date-$turl";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub login {
$obj = shift;
$obj->raw_pty(1);
$obj->log_stdout(0); #turn off console logging.
$obj->spawn("/usr/bin/ssh $user\@$asa") or die "can't spawn ssh\n";
unless ($obj->expect(15, "password:" )) {
die "timeout waiting for password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$password\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt>" )) {
die "timeout waiting for $prompt>\n";
}
}
sub finish {
$obj = shift;
$obj->hard_close();
print "\n\n";
}
sub restore {
$obj = shift;
my $file = shift;
my $output;
open(IN,"$file") or die "can't open $file\n";
while (<IN>) {
$obj->send("$_");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
print "$output\n";
}
close(IN);
}
sub process_options {
if (defined($options{s})) {
$tstr= $options{s};
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
else {
print "Enter TFTP host name or IP address:";
chop($tstr=<>);
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
if (defined($options{h})) {
$asa = $options{h};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA host name or IP address:";
chop($asa=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{u})) {
$user= $options{u};
}
else {
print "Enter user name:";
chop($user=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{w})) {
$password= $options{w};
}
else {
print "Enter password:";
chop($password=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{p})) {
$prompt= $options{p};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA prompt:";
chop($prompt=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{e})) {
$enable = $options{e};
}
else {
print "Enter enable password:";
chop($enable=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{r})) {
$restore = 1;
$restore_file = $options{r};
}
}
更新 3
删除行后@Jens 在下面的评论中说：“#Function: Backup/restore configuration/extensions to/from 一个 TFTP 服务器。”
我明白了。请注意，现在它要求我在底线上输入 :-)
root@bnbackup:~# perl asa_backup_7
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 64.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 66.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 68.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 72.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 82.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 84.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 86.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 88.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 90.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 92.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 94.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 96.
Use of "do" to call subroutines is deprecated at asa_backup_7 line 102.
**Enter TFTP host name or IP address:**
在 $restore_file =';` 的行中混合了反引号和单引号。将其更改为单引号。
改变：
restore_file = `';
$asa = `';
$storage = `';
$user = `';
$password = `';
$enable = `';
$prompt = `';
$date = `date +%F';
至
restore_file = '';
$asa = '';
$storage = '';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$enable = '';
$prompt = '';
$date = `date +%F`;
更新 这是一个反引号：
unless ($obj->expect(15, `Password:')) {
也必须改为：
unless ($obj->expect(15, 'Password:')) {
以上人员编辑后的完整工作代码：
#!/usr/bin/perl
#Description: The objective of this script is to show how to back up
#configurations/extensions before the backup/restore command is developed.
# It currently backs up the running configuration, all extensions imported via "import
#webvpn" command, the CSD configuration XML file, and the DAP configuration XML file.
#Requirements: Perl with Expect, SSH to the ASA, and a TFTP server.
#Usage: backupasa -option option_value
# -h: ASA hostname or IP address
# -u: User name to log in via SSH
# -w: Password to log in via SSH
# -e: The Enable password on the security appliance
# -p: Global configuration mode prompt
# -s: Host name or IP address of the TFTP server to store the configurations
# -r: Restore with an argument that specifies the file name. This file is produced
#during backup.
#If you don't enter an option, the script will prompt for it prior to backup.
#
#Make sure that you can SSH to the ASA.
use Expect;
use Getopt::Std;
#global variables
%options=();
$restore = 0; #does backup by default
$restore_file = '';
$asa = '';
$storage = '';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$enable = '';
$prompt = '';
$date = `date +%F`;
chop($date);
my $exp = new Expect();
getopts("h:u:p:w:e:s:r:",\%options);
do process_options();
do login($exp);
do enable($exp);
if ($restore) {
do restore($exp,$restore_file);
}
else {
$restore_file = "$prompt-restore-$date.cli";
open(OUT,">$restore_file") or die "Can't open $restore_file\n";
do running_config($exp);
do lang_trans($exp);
do customization($exp);
do plugin($exp);
do url_list($exp);
do webcontent($exp);
do dap($exp);
do csd($exp);
close(OUT);
}
do finish($exp);
sub enable {
$obj = shift;
$obj->send("enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, 'Password:')) {
print "timed out waiting for Password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$enable\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt#")) {
print "timed out waiting for $prompt#\n";
}
}
sub lang_trans {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn translation-table\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /Translation Tables/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($lang, $transtable) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$cli = "export webvpn translation-table $transtable language $lang
$storage/$prompt-$date-$transtable-$lang.po";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub running_config {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$cli ="copy /noconfirm running-config $storage/$prompt-$date.cfg";
print "$cli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub customization {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn customization\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn customization $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-cust-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub plugin {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn plug-in\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/;
$cli = "export webvpn plug-in protocol $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-plugin-$_.jar";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub url_list {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn url-list\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
chop;
next if /^Template/ or /show import/ or /^\s*$/ or /No bookmarks/;
$cli="export webvpn url-list $_ $storage/$prompt-$date-urllist-$_.xml";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub dap {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir dap.xml\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm dap.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-dap.xml disk0:/dap.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub csd {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("dir sdesktop\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
return 0 if($output =~ /Error/);
$cli="copy /noconfirm sdesktop/data.xml $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml";
$ocli="copy /noconfirm $storage/$prompt-$date-data.xml disk0:/sdesktop/data.xml";
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
sub webcontent {
$obj = shift;
$obj->clear_accum();
$obj->send("show import webvpn webcontent\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
@items = split(/\n+/, $output);
for (@items) {
s/^\s+//;
s/\s+$//;
next if /show import/ or /No custom/;
next unless (/^.+\s+.+$/);
($url, $type) = split(/\s+/,$_);
$turl = $url;
$turl =~ s/\/\+//;
$turl =~ s/\+\//-/;
$cli = "export webvpn webcontent $url $storage/$prompt-$date-$turl";
$ocli = $cli;
$ocli =~ s/^export/import/;
print "$cli\n";
print OUT "$ocli\n";
$obj->send("$cli\n");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
}
}
sub login {
$obj = shift;
$obj->raw_pty(1);
$obj->log_stdout(0); #turn off console logging.
$obj->spawn("/usr/bin/ssh $user\@$asa") or die "can't spawn ssh\n";
unless ($obj->expect(15, "password:" )) {
die "timeout waiting for password:\n";
}
$obj->send("$password\n");
unless ($obj->expect(15, "$prompt>" )) {
die "timeout waiting for $prompt>\n";
}
}
sub finish {
$obj = shift;
$obj->hard_close();
print "\n\n";
}
sub restore {
$obj = shift;
my $file = shift;
my $output;
open(IN,"$file") or die "can't open $file\n";
while (<IN>) {
$obj->send("$_");
$obj->expect(15, "$prompt#" );
$output = $obj->before();
print "$output\n";
}
close(IN);
}
sub process_options {
if (defined($options{s})) {
$tstr= $options{s};
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
else {
print "Enter TFTP host name or IP address:";
chop($tstr=<>);
$storage = "tftp://$tstr";
}
if (defined($options{h})) {
$asa = $options{h};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA host name or IP address:";
chop($asa=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{u})) {
$user= $options{u};
}
else {
print "Enter user name:";
chop($user=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{w})) {
$password= $options{w};
}
else {
print "Enter password:";
chop($password=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{p})) {
$prompt= $options{p};
}
else {
print "Enter ASA prompt:";
chop($prompt=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{e})) {
$enable = $options{e};
}
else {
print "Enter enable password:";
chop($enable=<>);
}
if (defined ($options{r})) {
$restore = 1;
$restore_file = $options{r};
}
}