Python：如何从字典键中随机 select 一个值？

Question

我有字典：

dict = {
    "Apple": ["Green", "Healthy", "Sweet"],
    "Banana": ["Yellow", "Squishy", "Bland"],
    "Steak": ["Red", "Protein", "Savory"]
}

我想从每个键中打印一个随机值，所以我首先尝试将它们放入列表中：

import random

food = [dict.value.random.choice()]

但这行不通（毫不奇怪，它看起来过多且令人困惑）

然后我想 print 食物：

print food

看看：

green
squishy
savory

或随机选择的任何值。

创建列表是不必要的吗？我会继续发布尝试。

只是为了澄清为什么这不是重复项：我不想从字典中随机抓取一个项目，我想从字典中的每个列表中随机抓取一个项目。

Answer 1

您可以使用列表理解来遍历您的值：

>>> my_dict = {
...     "Apple": ["Green", "Healthy", "Sweet"],
...     "Banana": ["Yellow", "Squishy", "Bland"],
...     "Steak": ["Red", "Protein", "Savory"]
... }
>>> import random
>>> food=[random.choice(i) for i in my_dict.values()]
>>> food
['Savory', 'Green', 'Squishy']

要像您想要的那样打印，您可以使用 join 函数或循环遍历 food 并一一打印元素：

>>> print '\n'.join(food)
Savory
Green
Squishy
>>> for val in food :
...      print val
... 
Savory
Green
Squishy

Answer 2

您还可以使用 for 循环：

import random

dict = {
    "Apple": ["Green", "Healthy", "Sweet"],
    "Banana": ["Yellow", "Squishy", "Bland"],
    "Steak": ["Red", "Protein", "Savory"]
}

for key, value in dict.items():
    print random.choice(value), key

结果：

Red Steak
Healthy Apple
Bland Banana

Answer 3

使用列表推导式

import random
choices = [random.choice(v) for k, v in your_dict.items()] # iterate over the dict items
print(choices)

输出

['Protein', 'Green', 'Squishy']

Answer 4

（顺便说一句，将名称 'dict' 更改为其他名称）

# for python3
from random import randint
data = {
  "Apple": ["Green", "Healthy", "Sweet"],
  "Banana": ["Yellow", "Squishy", "Bland"],
  "Steak": ["Red", "Protein", "Savory"]
}

for  key, value in data.items():
  print(key + ":" + value[randint(0,2)])

输出（会根据随机int值变化）

sh-4.2# python3 main.py                                                                                                                                                         
Apple:Sweet                                                                                                                                                                     
Steak:Red                                                                                                                                                                       
Banana:Squishy

修正案01（@Selcuk的提问）

for  key, value in data.items():
  length = len(value)
  print(key + ":" + value[randint(0,length-1)])

Answer 5

在彻底浏览文档并使用上面提供的所有非常有用的答案之后，这是我发现最干净和明显的答案：

import random  

food_char = {
    "Apple": ["Green", "Healthy", "Sweet"],
    "Banana": ["Yellow", "Squishy", "Bland"],
    "Steak": ["Red", "Protein", "Savory"]
}

food=[random.choice(i) for i in food_char.values()]

for item in food:
    print item

Python：如何从字典键中随机 select 一个值？

Python: How do I randomly select a value from a dictionary key?

python

random

dictionary

list

key-value