XML ElementTree - 索引标签

Question

我有一个 XML 文件：

<sentence id="en_BlueRibbonSushi_478218345:2">
   <text>It has great sushi and even better service.</text>
</sentence>
<sentence id="en_BlueRibbonSushi_478218345:3">
   <text>The entire staff was extremely accomodating and tended to my every need.</text>
</sentence>
<sentence id="en_BlueRibbonSushi_478218345:4">
   <text>I&apos;ve been to this restaurant over a dozen times with no complaints to date.</text>
</sentence>

使用 XML ElementTree，我想插入一个具有属性 category= 的标签 <Opinion>。假设我有一个字符列表 list = ['a', 'b', 'c']，是否可以将它们逐步分配给每个文本，所以我有：

<sentence id="en_BlueRibbonSushi_478218345:2">
   <text>It has great sushi and even better service.</text>
   <Opinion category='a' />
</sentence>
<sentence id="en_BlueRibbonSushi_478218345:3">
   <text>The entire staff was extremely accomodating and tended to my every need.</text>
   <Opinion category='b' />
</sentence>
<sentence id="en_BlueRibbonSushi_478218345:4">
   <text>I&apos;ve been to this restaurant over a dozen times with no complaints to date.</text>
   <Opinion category='c' />
</sentence>

我知道我可以使用句子 id 属性，但这需要对我的代码进行大量重组。基本上，我希望能够索引每个句子条目以与我的列表索引对齐。

Answer 1

您可以使用 SubElement 工厂函数向树中添加元素。假设您的 XML 数据在一个名为 data 的变量中，这会将元素添加到您的文档树中：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.XML(data)
for elem, category in zip(tree.findall('sentence'), ['a', 'b', 'c']):
    Opinion  = ET.SubElement(elem, 'Opinion')
    Opinion.set('category', category)

ET.dump(tree)  # prints the tree; tree.write('output.xml') is another option

XML ElementTree - 索引标签

XML ElementTree - indexing tags

python

xml

elementtree

xml.etree