如何用 sql 数据库的内容查询替换 perl 中的数组？

Question

编辑：（见底部附近的修订代码）我有代码可以从 2 个数据库中提取（我知道仍然需要一些清理），但我被卡住的地方是，我以前能够使用：

next unless $currentuser ~~ @las;

但是一旦我链接了 mySQL 数据库，它就不会过滤掉 undefined/unqualified（空白）结果。我不确定如何重组此功能以重新启用该功能。（我认为我处理逻辑的方式可能不对）。但这是我目前感到困惑并需要指导的地方。

我目前使用此代码查看登录用户以检查我们部门的员工：

 #! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

$ENV{'ORACLE_HOME'} ="/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64";
use DBI;
($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime();

#current emplyees go here:
my @las = qw( 

user12
user13
user14
user15
user16
user17
user18
user19
user20
user21
user22
user23
user24
user25
user26
user27
user28
user29
user30
user31
user32
user33
user34
user35
user36
user37
user38
user39
user40
user41
user42
user43
user44
user45
user46
user47
user48
user49
user50
user51
user52
user53
user54
user55
user56
user57
user58
user59
user60
user61
user62
user63
user64
user65
user66
user67
user68
user69
user70
user71
user72
user73
user74
user75
user76
user77
user78
user79
user80
user81
user82
user83
user84
user85
user86
user87
user88
user89
user90
user91
user92
user93
user94
user95
user96
user97
user98
user99
user100
user101
user102
user103
user104
user105
user106
user107
user108
user109
user110
user111
user112
user113
user114
user115
user116
user117
user118
user119
user120
user121
user122
user123
user124
user125
user126
user127
user128
user129
user130
user131
user132
user133
user134
user135
user136
user137
user138
user139
user140
user141
user142
user143
user144
user145
user146
user147
user148
user149
user150
user151
user152
user153
user154
user155
user156
user157
user158
user159
user160
user161
user162
user163
user164
user165
user166
user167
user168
user169
user170
user171
user172
user173
user174
user175
user176
user177
user178
user179
user180
user181
user182
user183
user184
user185
user186
user187
user188
user189
user190
user191
user192
user193
user194
user195
user196
user197
user198
user199
user200
user201
user202
user203
user204
user205
user206
user207
user208
user209
user210
user211
user212
user213
user214
user215
user216
user217
user218
user219
user220
user221
user222
user223
user224
user225
user226
user227
user228
user229
user230
user231
user232
user233
user234
user235
user236
user237
user238
user239
user240
user241
user242
user243
user244
user245
user246
user247
user248
user249
user250
user251
user252
user253
user254
user255
user256
user257
user258
user259
user260
user261
user262
user263
user264
user265
user266
user267
user268
user269
user270
user271
user272
user273
user274
user275
user276
user277

systemdefault
admin1
admin2
admin3


);

#Find Current Users
$login="logg";
$password="pass32";
my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:Oracle:icsprod",$login,$password);
die "Unable to connect: $DBI::errstr\n" unless (defined $dbh);

# Search Zone 2

my $sql = qq{ 
SELECT  hosts.currentuser, TO_CHAR(hosts.lastlogin, 'HH:MM:SS MM/DD/YYYY'),
        hosts.host_name
FROM    infadmin.inv_hosts hosts
WHERE  (hosts.host_name = '1408bcc204ap1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p2')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p3')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p4')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135m1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p2')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p3')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p4')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p5')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p6')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p7')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p8')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p9')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p10')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p10')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p10')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb10p10')



ORDER BY hosts.host_name
};
my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute();
my($currentuser, $lastlogin, $host_name);
$sth->bind_columns(undef, $currentuser, $lastlogin, $host_name);
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print "<html>\n";
print "<meta http-equiv=refresh content=300>\n";
print "<meta http-equiv='pragma' content='no-cache'>\n";
print "<style type=\"text/css\">\n";
print "body { font-family: \"Arial\", sans-serif; font-size: small; color: black }\n";
print "</style>\n";
print "<head>\n";
print "<title>\n";
print "Staff Stations\n";
print "</title>\n";
print "</head>\n";
print "<body>\n";
print "<table>\n";
printf("%02d:%02d:%02d", $hour, $min, $sec);
print "<tr><td><u>Zone 2</u></td><td><u>Login</u></td></tr>\n";
while($sth->fetch()) {
        next unless $currentuser~~@las  ;
        $lastlogin=~s/ .*$//;
        $host_name=~s/1408//;
        foreach(@las)   {
                if ($currentuser eq "$_") {
                       $lacolor = "orange";
                        last;
                } else {
                        $lacolor = "black";
                }
        }
        print "<tr>";
        print "<td>$host_name</td>";
        print "<td><font color=\"$lacolor\">$currentuser</font></td><td>&nbsp;</td>";
}
$sth->finish();

print "</table>";
print "</body>\n";
print "</html>\n";

$sth->finish();$sth->finish();

#end code

$
b
->disconnect();

用户名已存储在 mysql 数据库中，我正在尝试添加行以如下方式连接到它，但我不知道如何继续：

#Read Employee database


my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:myadmpr01", "user", "pass64");
die "Unable to connect: $DBI::errstr\n" unless (defined $dbh);

my $sql = qq{ 
SELECT  user_id, 
FROM    lsoemployee_info

};
my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute();

我正在尝试将 icsprod 与 myadmpr01 的用户名进行比较，以便人力资源部门可以在更新 current/non-current 的 myadmpr01 数据库时轻松维护此信息雇员。 icsprod 持续更新，简单定义当前用户。我们还想 return 用户的全名，而不是不断地查找用户名。非常感谢任何帮助。

修改后的代码：

  #! /usr/bin/perl
$ENV{'ORACLE_HOME'} ="/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64";
use DBI;

($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime();

my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:lsopskeys:myadmpr01.itap.purdue.edu", "lsops", "Fl4sh_l1ght")
  or die "Unable to connect: $DBI::errstr\n";

my $sql = qq{ 
  SELECT  user_id, 
  FROM    lsoemployee_data
};

my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute();

my @las = map { $_->[0] } $sth->fetchall_arrayref;

$login="user";
$password="pass";
my $dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:Oracle:icsprod",$login,$password);
die "Unable to connect: $DBI::errstr\n" unless (defined $dbh);

# Zone 2 ROWS CODE
my $sql = qq{ 
SELECT  hosts.currentuser, TO_CHAR(hosts.lastlogin, 'HH:MM:SS MM/DD/YYYY'),
        hosts.host_name
FROM    infadmin.inv_hosts hosts
WHERE   (hosts.host_name = '1408stew102p1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew102p2')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew102p3')

OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p2')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p3')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p4')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p5')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p6')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p7')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p8')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p9')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p10')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408stew111p11')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathb18p5')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p2')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p3')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mathg135p4')

OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408heav227m1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408heav227m2')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408heav227m3')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408mthw116p1')
OR      (hosts.host_name = '1408hamp3144p21')

ORDER BY hosts.host_name
};

my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute();
my($currentuser, $lastlogin, $host_name);
$sth->bind_columns(undef, $currentuser, $lastlogin, $host_name);
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print "<html>\n";
print "<meta http-equiv=refresh content=300>\n";
print "<meta http-equiv='pragma' content='no-cache'>\n";
print "<style type=\"text/css\">\n";
print "body { font-family: \"Arial\", sans-serif; font-size: small; color: black }\n";
print "</style>\n";
print "<head>\n";
print "<title>\n";
print "LA station usage.\n";
print "</title>\n";
print "</head>\n";
print "<body>\n";
print "<table>\n";
printf("%02d:%02d:%02d", $hour, $min, $sec);
print "<tr><td><font color=\"DodgerBlue \"><u>Zone 2 Station</u></td><td><font color=\"DodgerBlue \"><u>Login</u></td></tr>\n";
while($sth->fetch()) {
      #next unless $currentuser ~~ @las;
       $lastlogin=~s/ .*$//;
        $host_name=~s/1408//;
        foreach(@las)   {
                if ($currentuser eq "$_") {
                       $lacolor = "orange";
                        last;
                } else {
                        $lacolor = "black";
                }
        }
        print "<tr>";
        print "<td>$host_name</td>";
        print "<td><font color=\"$lacolor\">$currentuser</font></td><td>&nbsp;</td>";
}
$sth->finish();
print "</table>";
print "</body>\n";
print "</html>\n";
$sth->finish();$sth->finish();

#end code
$
b
->disconnect();

Answer 1

您的 SQL 查询是两个子查询的联合，但一个子查询的结果中有一个列，另一个子查询有两个列。这在 UNION 中是不允许的。所有子查询必须具有相同数量的列，并且所有列中的数据类型必须兼容。这与 Perl 无关，这只是 SQL 语言的要求。

在 Perl 中，您应该以允许您看到它导致的 SQL 错误的方式调用查询。

$sth->execute();
if ($sth->err)
{
  die "ERROR! return code: . $sth->err . " error msg: " . $sth->errstr . "\n";
}

DBI 也有连接选项，可以使任何 SQL 错误导致调用脚本终止，或打印错误。参见 http://www.perlhowto.com/dbi_handling_database_errors

my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pw, { RaiseError => 1, PrintError => 0 });

Answer 2

如果您尝试从数据库中填充 @las，那么您需要这样的东西：

my $dbh = DBI->connect('DBI:mysql:myadmpr01', 'user', 'pass64')
  or die "Unable to connect: $DBI::errstr\n";

my $sql = qq{ 
  SELECT  user_id, 
  FROM    lsoemployee_info
};

my $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute();

my @las = map { $_->[0] } $sth->fetchall_arrayref;

更新： 最后一行代码是我为客户编写的。我总是假设我的代码会被了解 Perl 的人阅读和维护。如果你怀疑你的程序员的能力，你最好这样写：

my @las;

foreach ($sth->fetchall_arrayref) {
  push @las, $_->[0];
}

如何用 sql 数据库的内容查询替换 perl 中的数组？

How to replace an array in perl with a query for contents of a sql database?

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