使用 OpenCV 和 Tkinter 在整个屏幕上显示视频
showing video on the entire screen using OpenCV and Tkiner
我正在尝试创建一个 GUI 来播放充满整个屏幕的视频，而快照按钮在底部仍然可见。
现在，我设法做的只是将应用程序 window 本身设置为全屏，从而在顶部播放一个小尺寸的视频，并在按钮上播放一个巨大的 "snapshot" 按钮。
有没有办法让视频充满整个屏幕？
谢谢！
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import Tkinter as tk
import argparse
import datetime
import cv2
import os
class Application:
def __init__(self, output_path = "./"):
""" Initialize application which uses OpenCV + Tkinter. It displays
a video stream in a Tkinter window and stores current snapshot on disk """
self.vs = cv2.VideoCapture('Cat Walking.mp4') # capture video frames, 0 is your default video camera
self.output_path = output_path # store output path
self.current_image = None # current image from the camera
self.root = tk.Tk() # initialize root window
self.root.title("PyImageSearch PhotoBooth") # set window title
# self.destructor function gets fired when the window is closed
self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.destructor)
self.panel = tk.Label(self.root) # initialize image panel
self.panel.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
# create a button, that when pressed, will take the current frame and save it to file
btn = tk.Button(self.root, text="Snapshot!", command=self.take_snapshot)
btn.pack(fill="both", expand=True, padx=10, pady=10)
# start a self.video_loop that constantly pools the video sensor
# for the most recently read frame
self.video_loop()
def video_loop(self):
""" Get frame from the video stream and show it in Tkinter """
ok, frame = self.vs.read() # read frame from video stream
if ok: # frame captured without any errors
cv2image = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGBA) # convert colors from BGR to RGBA
self.current_image = Image.fromarray(cv2image) # convert image for PIL
imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=self.current_image) # convert image for tkinter
self.panel.imgtk = imgtk # anchor imgtk so it does not be deleted by garbage-collector
self.root.attributes("-fullscreen",True)
#self.oot.wm_state('zoomed')
self.panel.config(image=imgtk) # show the image
self.root.after(1, self.video_loop) # call the same function after 30 milliseconds
def take_snapshot(self):
""" Take snapshot and save it to the file """
ts = datetime.datetime.now() # grab the current timestamp
filename = "{}.jpg".format(ts.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")) # construct filename
p = os.path.join(self.output_path, filename) # construct output path
self.current_image.save(p, "JPEG") # save image as jpeg file
print("[INFO] saved {}".format(filename))
def destructor(self):
""" Destroy the root object and release all resources """
print("[INFO] closing...")
self.root.destroy()
self.vs.release() # release web camera
cv2.destroyAllWindows() # it is not mandatory in this application
# construct the argument parse and parse the arguments
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-o", "--output", default="./",
help="path to output directory to store snapshots (default: current folder")
args = vars(ap.parse_args())
# start the app
print("[INFO] starting...")
pba = Application(args["output"])
pba.root.mainloop()
如果你不关心执行时间，这不是一件难事！我们知道调整图像大小对于普通用户来说并不是什么难事，但在幕后，调整每一帧的大小需要一些时间。如果您真的想知道时间和选项 - 从 numpy/scipy 到 skimage/skvideo.
有很多选项可供选择
但是让我们尝试用您的代码做一些事情 "as is" 所以我们有两个选择：cv2 和 Image。为了进行测试，我从 youtube (480p) 上抓取了 20 秒的 "Keyboard Cat" 视频，并将每个帧的大小调整为 1080p，GUI 如下所示（全屏 1920x1080）：
调整大小方法/timeit显示帧的经过时间：
cv2.resize() / ~81.377 秒Image.resize() / ~82.98 秒
如您所见 - 这两者之间没有太大区别，所以这是一个代码（只有 Application class 和 video_loop 改变了）：
#imports
try:
import tkinter as tk
except:
import Tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import argparse
import datetime
import cv2
import os
class Application:
def __init__(self, output_path = "./"):
""" Initialize application which uses OpenCV + Tkinter. It displays
a video stream in a Tkinter window and stores current snapshot on disk """
self.vs = cv2.VideoCapture('KeyCat.mp4') # capture video frames, 0 is your default video camera
self.output_path = output_path # store output path
self.current_image = None # current image from the camera
self.root = tk.Tk() # initialize root window
self.root.title("PyImageSearch PhotoBooth") # set window title
# self.destructor function gets fired when the window is closed
self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.destructor)
self.root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)
# getting size to resize! 30 - space for button
self.size = (self.root.winfo_screenwidth(), self.root.winfo_screenheight() - 30)
self.panel = tk.Label(self.root) # initialize image panel
self.panel.pack(fill='both', expand=True)
# create a button, that when pressed, will take the current frame and save it to file
self.btn = tk.Button(self.root, text="Snapshot!", command=self.take_snapshot)
self.btn.pack(fill='x', expand=True)
# start a self.video_loop that constantly pools the video sensor
# for the most recently read frame
self.video_loop()
def video_loop(self):
""" Get frame from the video stream and show it in Tkinter """
ok, frame = self.vs.read() # read frame from video stream
if ok: # frame captured without any errors
cv2image = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGBA) # convert colors from BGR to RGBA
cv2image = cv2.resize(cv2image, self.size, interpolation=cv2.INTER_NEAREST)
self.current_image = Image.fromarray(cv2image) #.resize(self.size, resample=Image.NEAREST) # convert image for PIL
self.panel.imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=self.current_image)
self.panel.config(image=self.panel.imgtk) # show the image
self.root.after(1, self.video_loop) # call the same function after 30 milliseconds
但你知道 - 做这样的事情 "on fly" 不是一个好主意，所以让我们先尝试调整所有帧的大小，然后再做所有事情（仅 Application class video_loop 方法已更改，添加了 resize_video 方法）：
class Application:
def __init__(self, output_path = "./"):
""" Initialize application which uses OpenCV + Tkinter. It displays
a video stream in a Tkinter window and stores current snapshot on disk """
self.vs = cv2.VideoCapture('KeyCat.mp4') # capture video frames, 0 is your default video camera
...
# init frames
self.frames = self.resize_video()
self.video_loop()
def resize_video(self):
temp = list()
try:
temp_count_const = cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT
except AttributeError:
temp_count_const = cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT
frames_count = self.vs.get(temp_count_const)
while self.vs.isOpened():
ok, frame = self.vs.read() # read frame from video stream
if ok: # frame captured without any errors
cv2image = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGBA) # convert colors from BGR to RGBA
cv2image = cv2.resize(cv2image, self.size, interpolation=cv2.INTER_NEAREST)
cv2image = Image.fromarray(cv2image) # convert image for PIL
temp.append(cv2image)
# simple progress print w/o sys import
print('%d/%d\t%d%%' % (len(temp), frames_count, ((len(temp)/frames_count)*100)))
else:
return temp
def video_loop(self):
""" Get frame from the video stream and show it in Tkinter """
if len(self.frames) != 0:
self.current_image = self.frames.pop(0)
self.panel.imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.current_image)
self.panel.config(image=self.panel.imgtk)
self.root.after(1, self.video_loop) # call the same function after 30 milliseconds
timeit 显示调整大小前的帧所用时间：~78.78 秒。
如您所见 - 调整大小不是脚本的主要问题，而是一个不错的选择！
我正在尝试创建一个 GUI 来播放充满整个屏幕的视频，而快照按钮在底部仍然可见。 现在，我设法做的只是将应用程序 window 本身设置为全屏，从而在顶部播放一个小尺寸的视频，并在按钮上播放一个巨大的 "snapshot" 按钮。 有没有办法让视频充满整个屏幕？
谢谢！
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import Tkinter as tk
import argparse
import datetime
import cv2
import os
class Application:
def __init__(self, output_path = "./"):
""" Initialize application which uses OpenCV + Tkinter. It displays
a video stream in a Tkinter window and stores current snapshot on disk """
self.vs = cv2.VideoCapture('Cat Walking.mp4') # capture video frames, 0 is your default video camera
self.output_path = output_path # store output path
self.current_image = None # current image from the camera
self.root = tk.Tk() # initialize root window
self.root.title("PyImageSearch PhotoBooth") # set window title
# self.destructor function gets fired when the window is closed
self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.destructor)
self.panel = tk.Label(self.root) # initialize image panel
self.panel.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
# create a button, that when pressed, will take the current frame and save it to file
btn = tk.Button(self.root, text="Snapshot!", command=self.take_snapshot)
btn.pack(fill="both", expand=True, padx=10, pady=10)
# start a self.video_loop that constantly pools the video sensor
# for the most recently read frame
self.video_loop()
def video_loop(self):
""" Get frame from the video stream and show it in Tkinter """
ok, frame = self.vs.read() # read frame from video stream
if ok: # frame captured without any errors
cv2image = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGBA) # convert colors from BGR to RGBA
self.current_image = Image.fromarray(cv2image) # convert image for PIL
imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=self.current_image) # convert image for tkinter
self.panel.imgtk = imgtk # anchor imgtk so it does not be deleted by garbage-collector
self.root.attributes("-fullscreen",True)
#self.oot.wm_state('zoomed')
self.panel.config(image=imgtk) # show the image
self.root.after(1, self.video_loop) # call the same function after 30 milliseconds
def take_snapshot(self):
""" Take snapshot and save it to the file """
ts = datetime.datetime.now() # grab the current timestamp
filename = "{}.jpg".format(ts.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")) # construct filename
p = os.path.join(self.output_path, filename) # construct output path
self.current_image.save(p, "JPEG") # save image as jpeg file
print("[INFO] saved {}".format(filename))
def destructor(self):
""" Destroy the root object and release all resources """
print("[INFO] closing...")
self.root.destroy()
self.vs.release() # release web camera
cv2.destroyAllWindows() # it is not mandatory in this application
# construct the argument parse and parse the arguments
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-o", "--output", default="./",
help="path to output directory to store snapshots (default: current folder")
args = vars(ap.parse_args())
# start the app
print("[INFO] starting...")
pba = Application(args["output"])
pba.root.mainloop()
如果你不关心执行时间，这不是一件难事！我们知道调整图像大小对于普通用户来说并不是什么难事，但在幕后，调整每一帧的大小需要一些时间。如果您真的想知道时间和选项 - 从 numpy/scipy 到 skimage/skvideo.
但是让我们尝试用您的代码做一些事情 "as is" 所以我们有两个选择：cv2 和 Image。为了进行测试，我从 youtube (480p) 上抓取了 20 秒的 "Keyboard Cat" 视频，并将每个帧的大小调整为 1080p，GUI 如下所示（全屏 1920x1080）：
调整大小方法/timeit显示帧的经过时间：
cv2.resize()/ ~81.377 秒Image.resize()/ ~82.98 秒
如您所见 - 这两者之间没有太大区别，所以这是一个代码（只有 Application class 和 video_loop 改变了）：
#imports
try:
import tkinter as tk
except:
import Tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import argparse
import datetime
import cv2
import os
class Application:
def __init__(self, output_path = "./"):
""" Initialize application which uses OpenCV + Tkinter. It displays
a video stream in a Tkinter window and stores current snapshot on disk """
self.vs = cv2.VideoCapture('KeyCat.mp4') # capture video frames, 0 is your default video camera
self.output_path = output_path # store output path
self.current_image = None # current image from the camera
self.root = tk.Tk() # initialize root window
self.root.title("PyImageSearch PhotoBooth") # set window title
# self.destructor function gets fired when the window is closed
self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.destructor)
self.root.attributes("-fullscreen", True)
# getting size to resize! 30 - space for button
self.size = (self.root.winfo_screenwidth(), self.root.winfo_screenheight() - 30)
self.panel = tk.Label(self.root) # initialize image panel
self.panel.pack(fill='both', expand=True)
# create a button, that when pressed, will take the current frame and save it to file
self.btn = tk.Button(self.root, text="Snapshot!", command=self.take_snapshot)
self.btn.pack(fill='x', expand=True)
# start a self.video_loop that constantly pools the video sensor
# for the most recently read frame
self.video_loop()
def video_loop(self):
""" Get frame from the video stream and show it in Tkinter """
ok, frame = self.vs.read() # read frame from video stream
if ok: # frame captured without any errors
cv2image = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGBA) # convert colors from BGR to RGBA
cv2image = cv2.resize(cv2image, self.size, interpolation=cv2.INTER_NEAREST)
self.current_image = Image.fromarray(cv2image) #.resize(self.size, resample=Image.NEAREST) # convert image for PIL
self.panel.imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image=self.current_image)
self.panel.config(image=self.panel.imgtk) # show the image
self.root.after(1, self.video_loop) # call the same function after 30 milliseconds
但你知道 - 做这样的事情 "on fly" 不是一个好主意，所以让我们先尝试调整所有帧的大小，然后再做所有事情（仅 Application class video_loop 方法已更改，添加了 resize_video 方法）：
class Application:
def __init__(self, output_path = "./"):
""" Initialize application which uses OpenCV + Tkinter. It displays
a video stream in a Tkinter window and stores current snapshot on disk """
self.vs = cv2.VideoCapture('KeyCat.mp4') # capture video frames, 0 is your default video camera
...
# init frames
self.frames = self.resize_video()
self.video_loop()
def resize_video(self):
temp = list()
try:
temp_count_const = cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT
except AttributeError:
temp_count_const = cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT
frames_count = self.vs.get(temp_count_const)
while self.vs.isOpened():
ok, frame = self.vs.read() # read frame from video stream
if ok: # frame captured without any errors
cv2image = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGBA) # convert colors from BGR to RGBA
cv2image = cv2.resize(cv2image, self.size, interpolation=cv2.INTER_NEAREST)
cv2image = Image.fromarray(cv2image) # convert image for PIL
temp.append(cv2image)
# simple progress print w/o sys import
print('%d/%d\t%d%%' % (len(temp), frames_count, ((len(temp)/frames_count)*100)))
else:
return temp
def video_loop(self):
""" Get frame from the video stream and show it in Tkinter """
if len(self.frames) != 0:
self.current_image = self.frames.pop(0)
self.panel.imgtk = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.current_image)
self.panel.config(image=self.panel.imgtk)
self.root.after(1, self.video_loop) # call the same function after 30 milliseconds
timeit 显示调整大小前的帧所用时间：~78.78 秒。
如您所见 - 调整大小不是脚本的主要问题，而是一个不错的选择！