无法添加具有 ASP.NET 核心和身份的声明
Can't add a claim with ASP.NET Core and identity
我尝试向现有身份用户添加自定义声明，但我在 运行 时遇到异常：
Npgsql.PostgresException: 23502: null value in column "Id" violates not-null constraint
求助！
我做了什么。我使用以下命令行
在 windows 上创建了一个简单的网络应用程序
dotnet new mvc --auth Individual --framework netcoreapp1.1
我发现 here 进行了更改，使该应用程序使用 PostgreSQL 作为数据库后端。创建的默认 webapp 工作正常。我可以注册为新用户、登录、注销等...
然后我修改了 Home controller 的 Test 方法（我知道异常是丑陋的）：
[Authorize]
public async Task<IActionResult> Test()
{
var user = await GetCurrentUserAsync();
if (user == null) {
_logger.LogWarning("User is null.");
throw new Exception("Not logged in");
}
_logger.LogWarning("User: {0}, {1}", user.Email, user);
var claim = new Claim("TestClaimType", "TestClaimValue");
IdentityResult idRes = IdentityResult.Failed();
if (_userManager.SupportsUserClaim) {
idRes = await _userManager.AddClaimAsync(user, claim); <------- Adding the claim
}
_logger.LogWarning("Return from adding claim");
if (idRes != IdentityResult.Success) {
throw new Exception("Failed to add claim.");
}
return View();
}
登录后，我触发 Test 方法并获得以下日志记录（PostgresException 接近尾声）：
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost[1]
Request starting HTTP/1.1 GET http://localhost:5000/Home/Test
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies.CookieAuthenticationMiddleware[3]
HttpContext.User merged via AutomaticAuthentication from authenticationScheme: Identity.Application.
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationService[1]
Authorization was successful for user: mark@mark.com.
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker[1]
Executing action method AlumniConnect.Controllers.HomeController.Test (AlumniConnect) with arguments ((null)) - ModelState is Valid
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IRelationalCommandBuilderFactory[1]
Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[@__get_Item_0='?'], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT "e"."Id", "e"."AccessFailedCount", "e"."ConcurrencyStamp", "e"."Email", "e"."EmailConfirmed", "e"."LockoutEnabled", "e"."LockoutEnd", "e"."NormalizedEmail", "e"."NormalizedUserName", "e"."PasswordHash", "e"."PhoneNumber", "e"."PhoneNumberConfirmed", "e"."SecurityStamp", "e"."TwoFactorEnabled", "e"."UserName"
FROM "AspNetUsers" AS "e"
WHERE "e"."Id" = @__get_Item_0
LIMIT 1
warn: AlumniConnect.Controllers.HomeController[0]
User: mark@mark.com, mark@mark.com
warn: AlumniConnect.Controllers.HomeController[0]
User: mark@mark.com, mark@mark.com
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IRelationalCommandBuilderFactory[1]
Executed DbCommand (4ms) [Parameters=[@__normalizedUserName_0='?'], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT "u"."Id", "u"."AccessFailedCount", "u"."ConcurrencyStamp", "u"."Email", "u"."EmailConfirmed", "u"."LockoutEnabled", "u"."LockoutEnd", "u"."NormalizedEmail", "u"."NormalizedUserName", "u"."PasswordHash", "u"."PhoneNumber", "u"."PhoneNumberConfirmed", "u"."SecurityStamp", "u"."TwoFactorEnabled", "u"."UserName"
FROM "AspNetUsers" AS "u"
WHERE "u"."NormalizedUserName" = @__normalizedUserName_0
LIMIT 1
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IRelationalCommandBuilderFactory[1]
Executed DbCommand (33ms) [Parameters=[@p0='?', @p1='?', @p2='?', @p17='?', @p3='?', @p4='?', @p18='?', @p5='?', @p6='?', @p7='?', @p8='?', @p9='?', @p10='?', @p11='?', @p12='?', @p13='?', @p14='?', @p15='?', @p16='?'], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
INSERT INTO "AspNetUserClaims" ("ClaimType", "ClaimValue", "UserId")
VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2)
RETURNING "Id";
UPDATE "AspNetUsers" SET "AccessFailedCount" = @p3, "ConcurrencyStamp" = @p4, "Email" = @p5, "EmailConfirmed" = @p6, "LockoutEnabled" = @p7, "LockoutEnd" = @p8, "NormalizedEmail" = @p9, "NormalizedUserName" = @p10, "PasswordHash" = @p11, "PhoneNumber" = @p12, "PhoneNumberConfirmed" = @p13, "SecurityStamp" = @p14, "TwoFactorEnabled" = @p15, "UserName" = @p16
WHERE "Id" = @p17 AND "ConcurrencyStamp" = @p18;
fail: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext[1]
An exception occurred in the database while saving changes.
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbUpdateException: An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details. ---> Npgsql.PostgresException: 23502: null value in column "Id" violates not-null constraint
at Npgsql.NpgsqlConnector.<DoReadMessageAsync>d__6.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
还有很多日志记录，但似乎没有添加新信息。我在整个日志中多次看到相同的异常。
我能做什么？这是 PostgreSQL 的特定问题吗？我是否尝试以错误的方式添加声明？
谢谢！
似乎在将 Claim 添加到数据库时，SQL 语句的 'RETURNING "Id"' 子句建议返回 ID。但是，table 没有自动递增的 ID 列。
我按照 Adding 'serial' to existing column in Postgres 的说明验证了这一点。
现在的问题当然是这应该已经自动处理了...
在身份迁移中，所有具有生成的整数 ID 的 table 都有用于添加此 ID 的自动生成的注释。此注释是 SQL 服务器特定的，例如 .Annotation("SqlServer:ValueGenerationStrategy", SqlServerValueGenerationStrategy.IdentityColumn)
解决此问题的方法是向迁移添加 Postgres 特定注释：.Annotation("Npgsql:ValueGenerationStrategy", NpgsqlValueGenerationStrategy.SerialColumn)。在旧版本的 Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL 中，您可能需要使用 .Annotation("Npgsql:ValueGeneratedOnAdd", true).
创建 AspNetRoleClaims table 的迁移部分将如下所示：
migrationBuilder.CreateTable(
name: "AspNetRoleClaims",
columns: table => new
{
Id = table.Column<int>(nullable: false)
.Annotation("SqlServer:ValueGenerationStrategy", SqlServerValueGenerationStrategy.IdentityColumn)
.Annotation("Npgsql:ValueGenerationStrategy", NpgsqlValueGenerationStrategy.SerialColumn),
ClaimType = table.Column<string>(nullable: true),
ClaimValue = table.Column<string>(nullable: true),
RoleId = table.Column<string>(nullable: false)
},
constraints: table =>
{
table.PrimaryKey("PK_AspNetRoleClaims", x => x.Id);
table.ForeignKey(
name: "FK_AspNetRoleClaims_AspNetRoles_RoleId",
column: x => x.RoleId,
principalTable: "AspNetRoles",
principalColumn: "Id",
onDelete: ReferentialAction.Cascade);
});
我尝试向现有身份用户添加自定义声明，但我在 运行 时遇到异常：
Npgsql.PostgresException: 23502: null value in column "Id" violates not-null constraint
求助！
我做了什么。我使用以下命令行
在 windows 上创建了一个简单的网络应用程序dotnet new mvc --auth Individual --framework netcoreapp1.1
我发现 here 进行了更改，使该应用程序使用 PostgreSQL 作为数据库后端。创建的默认 webapp 工作正常。我可以注册为新用户、登录、注销等...
然后我修改了 Home controller 的 Test 方法（我知道异常是丑陋的）：
[Authorize]
public async Task<IActionResult> Test()
{
var user = await GetCurrentUserAsync();
if (user == null) {
_logger.LogWarning("User is null.");
throw new Exception("Not logged in");
}
_logger.LogWarning("User: {0}, {1}", user.Email, user);
var claim = new Claim("TestClaimType", "TestClaimValue");
IdentityResult idRes = IdentityResult.Failed();
if (_userManager.SupportsUserClaim) {
idRes = await _userManager.AddClaimAsync(user, claim); <------- Adding the claim
}
_logger.LogWarning("Return from adding claim");
if (idRes != IdentityResult.Success) {
throw new Exception("Failed to add claim.");
}
return View();
}
登录后，我触发 Test 方法并获得以下日志记录（PostgresException 接近尾声）：
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost[1]
Request starting HTTP/1.1 GET http://localhost:5000/Home/Test
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies.CookieAuthenticationMiddleware[3]
HttpContext.User merged via AutomaticAuthentication from authenticationScheme: Identity.Application.
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationService[1]
Authorization was successful for user: mark@mark.com.
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker[1]
Executing action method AlumniConnect.Controllers.HomeController.Test (AlumniConnect) with arguments ((null)) - ModelState is Valid
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IRelationalCommandBuilderFactory[1]
Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[@__get_Item_0='?'], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT "e"."Id", "e"."AccessFailedCount", "e"."ConcurrencyStamp", "e"."Email", "e"."EmailConfirmed", "e"."LockoutEnabled", "e"."LockoutEnd", "e"."NormalizedEmail", "e"."NormalizedUserName", "e"."PasswordHash", "e"."PhoneNumber", "e"."PhoneNumberConfirmed", "e"."SecurityStamp", "e"."TwoFactorEnabled", "e"."UserName"
FROM "AspNetUsers" AS "e"
WHERE "e"."Id" = @__get_Item_0
LIMIT 1
warn: AlumniConnect.Controllers.HomeController[0]
User: mark@mark.com, mark@mark.com
warn: AlumniConnect.Controllers.HomeController[0]
User: mark@mark.com, mark@mark.com
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IRelationalCommandBuilderFactory[1]
Executed DbCommand (4ms) [Parameters=[@__normalizedUserName_0='?'], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
SELECT "u"."Id", "u"."AccessFailedCount", "u"."ConcurrencyStamp", "u"."Email", "u"."EmailConfirmed", "u"."LockoutEnabled", "u"."LockoutEnd", "u"."NormalizedEmail", "u"."NormalizedUserName", "u"."PasswordHash", "u"."PhoneNumber", "u"."PhoneNumberConfirmed", "u"."SecurityStamp", "u"."TwoFactorEnabled", "u"."UserName"
FROM "AspNetUsers" AS "u"
WHERE "u"."NormalizedUserName" = @__normalizedUserName_0
LIMIT 1
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.IRelationalCommandBuilderFactory[1]
Executed DbCommand (33ms) [Parameters=[@p0='?', @p1='?', @p2='?', @p17='?', @p3='?', @p4='?', @p18='?', @p5='?', @p6='?', @p7='?', @p8='?', @p9='?', @p10='?', @p11='?', @p12='?', @p13='?', @p14='?', @p15='?', @p16='?'], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
INSERT INTO "AspNetUserClaims" ("ClaimType", "ClaimValue", "UserId")
VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2)
RETURNING "Id";
UPDATE "AspNetUsers" SET "AccessFailedCount" = @p3, "ConcurrencyStamp" = @p4, "Email" = @p5, "EmailConfirmed" = @p6, "LockoutEnabled" = @p7, "LockoutEnd" = @p8, "NormalizedEmail" = @p9, "NormalizedUserName" = @p10, "PasswordHash" = @p11, "PhoneNumber" = @p12, "PhoneNumberConfirmed" = @p13, "SecurityStamp" = @p14, "TwoFactorEnabled" = @p15, "UserName" = @p16
WHERE "Id" = @p17 AND "ConcurrencyStamp" = @p18;
fail: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext[1]
An exception occurred in the database while saving changes.
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbUpdateException: An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details. ---> Npgsql.PostgresException: 23502: null value in column "Id" violates not-null constraint
at Npgsql.NpgsqlConnector.<DoReadMessageAsync>d__6.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
还有很多日志记录，但似乎没有添加新信息。我在整个日志中多次看到相同的异常。
我能做什么？这是 PostgreSQL 的特定问题吗？我是否尝试以错误的方式添加声明？
谢谢！
似乎在将 Claim 添加到数据库时，SQL 语句的 'RETURNING "Id"' 子句建议返回 ID。但是，table 没有自动递增的 ID 列。
我按照 Adding 'serial' to existing column in Postgres 的说明验证了这一点。
现在的问题当然是这应该已经自动处理了...
在身份迁移中，所有具有生成的整数 ID 的 table 都有用于添加此 ID 的自动生成的注释。此注释是 SQL 服务器特定的，例如 .Annotation("SqlServer:ValueGenerationStrategy", SqlServerValueGenerationStrategy.IdentityColumn)
解决此问题的方法是向迁移添加 Postgres 特定注释：.Annotation("Npgsql:ValueGenerationStrategy", NpgsqlValueGenerationStrategy.SerialColumn)。在旧版本的 Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL 中，您可能需要使用 .Annotation("Npgsql:ValueGeneratedOnAdd", true).
创建 AspNetRoleClaims table 的迁移部分将如下所示：
migrationBuilder.CreateTable(
name: "AspNetRoleClaims",
columns: table => new
{
Id = table.Column<int>(nullable: false)
.Annotation("SqlServer:ValueGenerationStrategy", SqlServerValueGenerationStrategy.IdentityColumn)
.Annotation("Npgsql:ValueGenerationStrategy", NpgsqlValueGenerationStrategy.SerialColumn),
ClaimType = table.Column<string>(nullable: true),
ClaimValue = table.Column<string>(nullable: true),
RoleId = table.Column<string>(nullable: false)
},
constraints: table =>
{
table.PrimaryKey("PK_AspNetRoleClaims", x => x.Id);
table.ForeignKey(
name: "FK_AspNetRoleClaims_AspNetRoles_RoleId",
column: x => x.RoleId,
principalTable: "AspNetRoles",
principalColumn: "Id",
onDelete: ReferentialAction.Cascade);
});