用最小起订量模拟 MediatR 3
Mocking MediatR 3 with Moq
我们最近开始使用 MediatR 来整理控制器操作,因为我们重构了面向大型客户的门户并将其全部转换为 C#。作为其中的一部分,我们也在增加我们的单元测试覆盖率,但我在尝试模拟 MediatR 本身时遇到了问题。
该命令做了很多事情来启动一个过程,其中一部分是发送通知。通知本身由其自己的处理程序处理,因此将接受其自己的单元测试,因此我想模拟 MediatR,以便 this.mediator.Send(message)
调用实际上不执行任何操作。处理程序执行 return 一个对象,但我们在此上下文中不关心它,因此出于所有意图和目的,我们将其视为 void
return。我只想验证 Send
作为测试的一部分被调用过一次。但是,Send
方法抛出一个 NullReferenceException
,我不知道为什么。
从版本 3 开始,MediatR 现在在 Send
、CancellationToken
上采用第二个可选参数,并且表达式树要求您显式设置它们,因此您必须指定一个值。我以前没有遇到过这种情况,在我看来我觉得这可能是问题的一部分,但这可能是我的混淆。
这是一个简化的插图。
SUT
public class TransferHandler : IAsyncRequestHandler<TransferCommand, TransferResult>
{
private readonly IMediator mediator;
public TransferHandler(IMediator mediator)
{
this.mediator = mediator;
}
public async Task<TransferResult> Handle(TransferCommand message)
{
// Other stuff.
var notification = new TransferNotificationCommand()
{
ClientId = message.clientId,
OfficeId = message.OfficeId,
AuthorityFileId = letter?.Id
};
await this.mediator.Send(notification); // <=== This is where we get a NullReferenceException, even though nothing is actually null (that I can see).
return new TransferResult()
{
Transfer = transfer,
FileId = letter?.Id
}
}
}
测试
public class TransferHandlerTests
{
[Theory]
[AutoData]
public async void HandlerCreatesTransfer(Mock<IMediator> mockMediator)
{
// Note that default(CancellationToken) is the default value of the optional argument.
mockMediator.Setup(m => m.Send(It.IsAny<TransferNotificationCommand>(), default(CancellationToken))).Verifiable("Notification was not sent.");
var handler = new TransferHandler(mockMediator.Object);
var actual = await handler.Handle(message);
mockMediator.Verify(x => x.Send(It.IsAny<CreateIsaTransferNotificationCommand>(), default(CancellationToken)), Times.Once());
}
}
我错过了什么?我觉得我在某个地方犯了一个根本性的错误,但我不确定在哪里。
您需要处理 Send
方法的异步操作的等待,因为它们是 return 任务。
/// <summary>
/// Asynchronously send a request to a single handler
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response type</typeparam>
/// <param name="request">Request object</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">Optional cancellation token</param>
/// <returns>A task that represents the send operation. The task result contains the handler response</returns>
Task<TResponse> Send<TResponse>(IRequest<TResponse> request, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
/// <summary>
/// Asynchronously send a request to a single handler without expecting a response
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request">Request object</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">Optional cancellation token</param>
/// <returns>A task that represents the send operation.</returns>
Task Send(IRequest request, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
这意味着您需要让模拟 return 一个任务以允许异步进程继续流程
mediator
.Setup(m => m.Send(It.IsAny<TransferNotificationCommand>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
.ReturnsAsync(new Notification()) //<-- return Task to allow await to continue
.Verifiable("Notification was not sent.");
//...other code removed for brevity
mediator.Verify(x => x.Send(It.IsAny<CreateIsaTransferNotificationCommand>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Once());
我们最近开始使用 MediatR 来整理控制器操作,因为我们重构了面向大型客户的门户并将其全部转换为 C#。作为其中的一部分,我们也在增加我们的单元测试覆盖率,但我在尝试模拟 MediatR 本身时遇到了问题。
该命令做了很多事情来启动一个过程,其中一部分是发送通知。通知本身由其自己的处理程序处理,因此将接受其自己的单元测试,因此我想模拟 MediatR,以便 this.mediator.Send(message)
调用实际上不执行任何操作。处理程序执行 return 一个对象,但我们在此上下文中不关心它,因此出于所有意图和目的,我们将其视为 void
return。我只想验证 Send
作为测试的一部分被调用过一次。但是,Send
方法抛出一个 NullReferenceException
,我不知道为什么。
从版本 3 开始,MediatR 现在在 Send
、CancellationToken
上采用第二个可选参数,并且表达式树要求您显式设置它们,因此您必须指定一个值。我以前没有遇到过这种情况,在我看来我觉得这可能是问题的一部分,但这可能是我的混淆。
这是一个简化的插图。
SUT
public class TransferHandler : IAsyncRequestHandler<TransferCommand, TransferResult>
{
private readonly IMediator mediator;
public TransferHandler(IMediator mediator)
{
this.mediator = mediator;
}
public async Task<TransferResult> Handle(TransferCommand message)
{
// Other stuff.
var notification = new TransferNotificationCommand()
{
ClientId = message.clientId,
OfficeId = message.OfficeId,
AuthorityFileId = letter?.Id
};
await this.mediator.Send(notification); // <=== This is where we get a NullReferenceException, even though nothing is actually null (that I can see).
return new TransferResult()
{
Transfer = transfer,
FileId = letter?.Id
}
}
}
测试
public class TransferHandlerTests
{
[Theory]
[AutoData]
public async void HandlerCreatesTransfer(Mock<IMediator> mockMediator)
{
// Note that default(CancellationToken) is the default value of the optional argument.
mockMediator.Setup(m => m.Send(It.IsAny<TransferNotificationCommand>(), default(CancellationToken))).Verifiable("Notification was not sent.");
var handler = new TransferHandler(mockMediator.Object);
var actual = await handler.Handle(message);
mockMediator.Verify(x => x.Send(It.IsAny<CreateIsaTransferNotificationCommand>(), default(CancellationToken)), Times.Once());
}
}
我错过了什么?我觉得我在某个地方犯了一个根本性的错误,但我不确定在哪里。
您需要处理 Send
方法的异步操作的等待,因为它们是 return 任务。
/// <summary>
/// Asynchronously send a request to a single handler
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TResponse">Response type</typeparam>
/// <param name="request">Request object</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">Optional cancellation token</param>
/// <returns>A task that represents the send operation. The task result contains the handler response</returns>
Task<TResponse> Send<TResponse>(IRequest<TResponse> request, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
/// <summary>
/// Asynchronously send a request to a single handler without expecting a response
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request">Request object</param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">Optional cancellation token</param>
/// <returns>A task that represents the send operation.</returns>
Task Send(IRequest request, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken));
这意味着您需要让模拟 return 一个任务以允许异步进程继续流程
mediator
.Setup(m => m.Send(It.IsAny<TransferNotificationCommand>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
.ReturnsAsync(new Notification()) //<-- return Task to allow await to continue
.Verifiable("Notification was not sent.");
//...other code removed for brevity
mediator.Verify(x => x.Send(It.IsAny<CreateIsaTransferNotificationCommand>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()), Times.Once());