Subject 和 BehaviorSubject 有什么区别?

What is the difference between Subject and BehaviorSubject?

我不清楚 SubjectBehaviorSubject 之间的区别。只是BehaviorSubjectgetValue()的功能吗?

一个 BehaviorSubject 持有一个值。当它被订阅时,它会立即发出值。 Subject 没有值。

主题示例(使用 RxJS 5 API):

const subject = new Rx.Subject();
subject.next(1);
subject.subscribe(x => console.log(x));

控制台输出将为空

行为主题示例:

const subject = new Rx.BehaviorSubject(0);
subject.next(1);
subject.subscribe(x => console.log(x));

控制台输出:1

另外:

  • BehaviorSubject 应使用初始值创建:new Rx.BehaviorSubject(1)
  • 如果您希望主题获得之前发布的值,请考虑 ReplaySubject

行为主题

BehaviourSubject 将 return 订阅的初始值或当前值

var bSubject= new Rx.BehaviorSubject(0);  // 0 is the initial value

bSubject.subscribe({
  next: (v) => console.log('observerA: ' + v)  // output initial value, then new values on `next` triggers
});

bSubject.next(1);  // output new value 1 for 'observer A'
bSubject.next(2);  // output new value 2 for 'observer A', current value 2 for 'Observer B' on subscription

bSubject.subscribe({
  next: (v) => console.log('observerB: ' + v)  // output current value 2, then new values on `next` triggers
});

bSubject.next(3);

输出:

observerA: 0
observerA: 1
observerA: 2
observerB: 2
observerA: 3
observerB: 3

主题

Subject 没有 return Subscription 的当前值。它仅在 .next(value) 调用和 return/output value

时触发
var subject = new Rx.Subject();

subject.next(1); //Subjects will not output this value

subject.subscribe({
  next: (v) => console.log('observerA: ' + v)
});
subject.subscribe({
  next: (v) => console.log('observerB: ' + v)
});

subject.next(2);
subject.next(3);

控制台输出如下:

observerA: 2
observerB: 2
observerA: 3
observerB: 3

我刚刚创建了一个项目,它解释了所有科目之间的区别:
https://github.com/piecioshka/rxjs-subject-vs-behavior-vs-replay-vs-async

BehaviorSubject 将可观察对象发出的最后一个值保存在内存中。常规 Subject 不会。

BehaviorSubject 类似于 ReplaySubject,缓冲区大小为 1。

更新:有一些边缘用例可以区分这两者。 https://medium.com/javascript-everyday/behaviorsubject-vs-replaysubject-1-beware-of-edge-cases-b361153d9ccf

TLDR: 如果你想在订阅时提供一个初始值,即使到目前为止没有任何东西被推送到一个主题,使用 BehaviorSubject。如果您希望将最后一个值重播给观察者,即使 Subject 已经关闭,请使用 ReplaySubject(1).

可能会帮助你理解。

import * as Rx from 'rxjs';

const subject1 = new Rx.Subject();
subject1.next(1);
subject1.subscribe(x => console.log(x)); // will print nothing -> because we subscribed after the emission and it does not hold the value.

const subject2 = new Rx.Subject();
subject2.subscribe(x => console.log(x)); // print 1 -> because the emission happend after the subscription.
subject2.next(1);

const behavSubject1 = new Rx.BehaviorSubject(1);
behavSubject1.next(2);
behavSubject1.subscribe(x => console.log(x)); // print 2 -> because it holds the value.

const behavSubject2 = new Rx.BehaviorSubject(1);
behavSubject2.subscribe(x => console.log('val:', x)); // print 1 -> default value
behavSubject2.next(2) // just because of next emission will print 2 

A BehaviorSubject 在订阅后发出一个值,一个 Subject 没有

// Subject
const mySubject = new Rx.Subject().subscribe((v) => console.log(v)); // will return nothing

// BehaviorSubject
const myBehaviorSubject = new Rx.BehaviorSubject(666).subscribe((v) => console.log(v)); // will return 666 when subscription occurs

BehaviorSubject keeps in memory the last value that was emitted by the observable. A regular Subject doesn't. So we can update dynamic titles based on Behaviour Subject.


var bSubject= new Rx.BehaviorSubject(0);  // 0 is the initial value
    
    bSubject.subscribe({
      next: (v) => console.log('observerA: ' + v)  // output initial value, then new values on `next` triggers
    });
    
    bSubject.next(1);  // output new value 1 for 'observer A'
    bSubject.next(2);  // output new value 2 for 'observer A', current value 2 for 'Observer B' on subscription
    
    bSubject.subscribe({
      next: (v) => console.log('observerB: ' + v)  // output current value 2, then new values on `next` triggers
    });
    
    bSubject.next(3);
    
     - With Output
    
    

一个BehaviorSubject持有一个值(所以我们实际上需要初始化一个默认值)。当它被订阅时,它会立即发出那个值。另一方面,Subject 没有值。

这实际上意味着在 Subject 中,订阅者将 仅接收即将到来的值 而在 BehaviorSubject 中,订阅者将 接收先前的值和即将到来的值.

有关 BehaviorSubjectSubject 之间的区别的更多信息,请参见 here

那么,让我们举个例子看看这将如何表现:

let mySubject = new Subject<number>();

mySubject.subscribe(x => console.log("The first Subscription : " + x));

mySubject.next(1);
mySubject.next(2);

mySubject.subscribe(x => console.log("The second Subscription : " + x));

mySubject.next(3);

// The first Subscription : 1
// The first Subscription : 2
// The first Subscription : 3
// The second Subscription : 3

就像我们在上面看到的,前两个值是在第二个订阅注册之前从主题输出的,所以它没有得到它们,它只在订阅后得到新值。第一个订阅获得了所有这些,因为它在第一个值输出之前就订阅了。

现在,让我们将 subject 更改为 BehaviorSubject 并查看区别:

let mySubject = new BehaviorSubject<number>(0);

mySubject.subscribe((x) => console.log('The first Subscription : ' + x));

mySubject.next(1);
mySubject.next(2);

mySubject.subscribe((x) => console.log('The second Subscription : ' + x));

mySubject.next(3);

// The first Subscription : 0 (since it's the initial value)
// The first Subscription : 1
// The first Subscription : 2
// The second Subscription : 2 (since it's the initial value for the seconde subscriber)
// The first Subscription : 3
// The second Subscription : 3

现在,请注意第一个订阅者如何输出 0,因为 BehaviorSubject 是用 0 初始化的。当第二个订阅者订阅时,它会立即发出“2”值,因为它是要处理的最后一个值,因此它充当它的初始值。