我怎样才能很好地打印我在救援块中捕获的格式化异常？
How can I nicely print a formatted exception that I catch in a rescue block?
我正在使用 Rails 5 (Ruby 2.4)。我有一段代码可以捕获异常并打印出来，我认为是堆栈跟踪 ...
begin
...
rescue Exception => e
errors.push(e)
puts "#{e.backtrace}"
raise e
end
不幸的是，打印出来的内容完全不可读，如下所示...
["/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:202:in `block in wait_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:193:in `loop'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:193:in `wait_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:154:in `internal_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:278:in `internal_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:148:in `block in poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.0/lib/ruby/2.4.0/monitor.rb:214:in `mon_synchronize'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:158:in `synchronize'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:148:in `poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:717:in `acquire_connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:490:in `checkout'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:364:in `connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:883:in `retrieve_connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:128:in `retrieve_connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:91:in `connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:43:in `connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb:105:in `bound_attributes'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation.rb:702:in `exec_queries'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation.rb:583:in `load'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation.rb:260:in `records'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb:527:in `find_take'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb:100:in `take'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb:78:in `find_by'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/querying.rb:7:in `find_by'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/core.rb:187:in `find_by'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:65:in `find_by_name_and_day_and_user_id_and_distance_and_distance_unit_id'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/abstract_import_service.rb:71:in `process_event_data'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/running_in_the_usa_event_finder_service.rb:265:in `process_generic_event_link'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/running_in_the_usa_event_finder_service.rb:118:in `process_event_link'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/abstract_event_finder_service.rb:37:in `block (2 levels) in process_data'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:348:in `run_task'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:337:in `block (3 levels) in create_worker'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:320:in `loop'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:320:in `block (2 levels) in create_worker'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:319:in `catch'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:319:in `block in create_worker'"]
有什么方法可以让我的异常以良好的格式打印出来，就像它通常在 Rails 内发生时打印出来一样？
尝试像这样记录异常消息：
begin
...
rescue Exception => e
logger.error e.message
e.backtrace.each { |line| logger.error line }
end
我使用 awesome_print gem 通过输出控制台和 rails 控制台模式获取格式化输出。
group :development do
gem 'awesome_print'
end
然后在 Rails 控制台中，只需在任何命令、变量、哈希或查询前面附加 ap。
> ap any_command_or_any_variable_or_query
并通过输入代码输出
ap e.backtrace
或
puts e.backtrace.ai
与 JSON 数据和 API 调用一起使用时非常有用。也可以在格式化输出中轻松检查错误
我正在使用 Rails 5 (Ruby 2.4)。我有一段代码可以捕获异常并打印出来，我认为是堆栈跟踪 ...
begin
...
rescue Exception => e
errors.push(e)
puts "#{e.backtrace}"
raise e
end
不幸的是，打印出来的内容完全不可读，如下所示...
["/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:202:in `block in wait_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:193:in `loop'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:193:in `wait_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:154:in `internal_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:278:in `internal_poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:148:in `block in poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.0/lib/ruby/2.4.0/monitor.rb:214:in `mon_synchronize'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:158:in `synchronize'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:148:in `poll'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:717:in `acquire_connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:490:in `checkout'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:364:in `connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:883:in `retrieve_connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:128:in `retrieve_connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:91:in `connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:43:in `connection'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb:105:in `bound_attributes'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation.rb:702:in `exec_queries'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation.rb:583:in `load'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation.rb:260:in `records'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb:527:in `find_take'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb:100:in `take'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb:78:in `find_by'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/querying.rb:7:in `find_by'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/core.rb:187:in `find_by'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/activerecord-5.0.2/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:65:in `find_by_name_and_day_and_user_id_and_distance_and_distance_unit_id'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/abstract_import_service.rb:71:in `process_event_data'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/running_in_the_usa_event_finder_service.rb:265:in `process_generic_event_link'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/running_in_the_usa_event_finder_service.rb:118:in `process_event_link'", "/Users/nataliab/Documents/workspace/myproject/app/services/abstract_event_finder_service.rb:37:in `block (2 levels) in process_data'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:348:in `run_task'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:337:in `block (3 levels) in create_worker'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:320:in `loop'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:320:in `block (2 levels) in create_worker'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:319:in `catch'", "/Users/nataliab/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.0.5/lib/concurrent/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb:319:in `block in create_worker'"]
有什么方法可以让我的异常以良好的格式打印出来，就像它通常在 Rails 内发生时打印出来一样？
尝试像这样记录异常消息：
begin
...
rescue Exception => e
logger.error e.message
e.backtrace.each { |line| logger.error line }
end
我使用 awesome_print gem 通过输出控制台和 rails 控制台模式获取格式化输出。
group :development do
gem 'awesome_print'
end
然后在 Rails 控制台中，只需在任何命令、变量、哈希或查询前面附加 ap。
> ap any_command_or_any_variable_or_query
并通过输入代码输出
ap e.backtrace
或
puts e.backtrace.ai
与 JSON 数据和 API 调用一起使用时非常有用。也可以在格式化输出中轻松检查错误