Spring rest + JPA + H2 @ManyToOne 双向关系。无法存储子实体

Question

我在尝试使用 JPA 存储一些实体时遇到了一些麻烦，情况如下：

WebMessageEntity.java

@EqualsAndHashCode
@Data
@Entity(name = "web_message")
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Builder
public class WebMessageEntity{

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Getter
@Column(name = "WEB_MESSAGE_ID")
private Long id;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotEmpty
private String hotelTicker;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private WebMessageColor color;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
@Column(name = "message_type")
private WebMessageType type;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private ReservationStep step;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
@Column(name = "message_trigger")
private WebMessageTrigger trigger;

private int duration;

@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
private WebMessagePosition position;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
private boolean isActive;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Convert(converter = LocalDateAttributeConverter.class)
private LocalDate startDate;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Convert(converter = LocalDateAttributeConverter.class)
private LocalDate endDate;

@Setter
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "webMessage", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
@NotNull
private List<WebMessageTranslationEntity> translations;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotEmpty
private String userName;

@Getter
@Setter
@NotNull
@Convert(converter = LocalDateTimeAttributeConverter.class)
private LocalDateTime creationDate;

@Getter
@Setter
private String modifiedBy;

@Getter
@Setter
@Convert(converter = LocalDateTimeAttributeConverter.class)
private LocalDateTime modificationDate;


//constructors
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



private WebMessageEntity(String hotelTicker, WebMessageColor color, WebMessageType type, ReservationStep step,
                         WebMessageTrigger trigger, boolean isActive, LocalDate startDate, LocalDate endDate,
                         List<WebMessageTranslationEntity> translations, String userName, LocalDateTime creationDate,
                         String modifiedBy, LocalDateTime modificationDate)
{
    this.hotelTicker = hotelTicker;
    this.color = color;
    this.type = type;
    this.step = step;
    this.trigger = trigger;
    this.isActive = isActive;
    this.startDate = startDate;
    this.endDate = endDate;
    this.translations = translations;
    this.userName = userName;
    this.creationDate = creationDate;
    this.modifiedBy = modifiedBy;
    this.modificationDate = modificationDate;
}

private WebMessageEntity(String hotelTicker, WebMessageColor color, WebMessageType type, ReservationStep step,
                        WebMessageTrigger trigger, int duration, WebMessagePosition position, boolean isActive,
                        LocalDate startDate, LocalDate endDate, List<WebMessageTranslationEntity> translations,
                        String userName, LocalDateTime creationDate, String modifiedBy, LocalDateTime modificationDate)
{
    this.hotelTicker = hotelTicker;
    this.color = color;
    this.type = type;
    this.step = step;
    this.trigger = trigger;
    this.setDuration(duration);
    this.setPosition(position);
    this.isActive = isActive;
    this.startDate = startDate;
    this.endDate = endDate;
    this.translations = translations;
    this.userName = userName;
    this.creationDate = creationDate;
    this.modifiedBy = modifiedBy;
    this.modificationDate = modificationDate;
}

//GETTERS, SETTERS and some private field verification methods

WebMessageTranslationEntity

@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder
@Entity(name = "web_message_translation")
@Table(uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames =                 {"locale", "message_id"}))
public class WebMessageTranslationEntity {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Getter
    @Column(name = "MESSAGE_TRANSLATION_ID")
    private Long id;

    @NotEmpty
    private String content;

    @NotEmpty
    private String locale;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "MESSAGE_ID")
    private WebMessageEntity webMessage;

}

@Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class WebMessageResource {


    private final WebMessageService messageService;

    @Autowired
    public WebMessageResource(WebMessageService messageService) {
    this.messageService = messageService;
    }


    @PostMapping("{hotelTicker}/messages")
    public ResponseEntity<?> createMessage(@RequestBody @Valid     WebMessageDTO dto, @PathVariable @NotNull String hotelTicker) {


        if (verifyHotelTicker(dto, hotelTicker)) {

            WebMessageEntity newEntity =         messageService.store(fromWebMessageDTOToEntity(dto));

            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();

            //TODO rebuild URI with exact path to access resource
        headers.setLocation(ControllerLinkBuilder.linkTo(FilterEntity.class).slash(newEntity.getHotelTicker()).slash(newEntity.getId()).toUri());

        return new ResponseEntity<>(fromWebMessageEntityToDTO(newEntity), headers, HttpStatus.CREATED);

    }

    return new ResponseEntity<>("Hotel ticker specified in URI doesn't match with DTO's hotel ticker", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);

}

private boolean verifyHotelTicker(WebMessageDTO dto, String hotelTicker) {
    return hotelTicker.equals(dto.getHotelTicker());
}

private List<WebMessageTranslationEntity> fromTranslationDTOsToEntities(List<WebMessageTranslationDTO> translationDTOs) {

    return translationDTOs
            .stream()
            .map(translation -> WebMessageTranslationEntity
                    .builder()
                    .content(translation.getContent())
                    .locale(translation.getLocale())
                    .build())
                .collect(toList());

    }

    private WebMessageEntity fromWebMessageDTOToEntity(WebMessageDTO webMessageDTOs) {

        return WebMessageEntity
                .builder()
                .hotelTicker(webMessageDTOs.getHotelTicker())
                .color(webMessageDTOs.getColor())
                .type(webMessageDTOs.getType())
                .step(webMessageDTOs.getStep())
                .trigger(webMessageDTOs.getTrigger())
                .duration(webMessageDTOs.getDuration())
                .position(webMessageDTOs.getPosition())
                .isActive(webMessageDTOs.getIsActive())
                .startDate(webMessageDTOs.getStartDate())
                .endDate(webMessageDTOs.getEndDate())
                .userName(webMessageDTOs.getUserName())
                .creationDate(webMessageDTOs.getCreationDate())
                .modifiedBy(webMessageDTOs.getModifiedBy())
                .modificationDate(webMessageDTOs.getModificationDate())
                .translations(this.fromTranslationDTOsToEntities(webMessageDTOs.getTransla    tions()))
                .build();
}

private WebMessageDTO fromWebMessageEntityToDTO(WebMessageEntity webMessageEntity) {

    return WebMessageDTO
            .builder()
            .id(webMessageEntity.getId())
            .hotelTicker(webMessageEntity.getHotelTicker())
            .color(webMessageEntity.getColor())
            .type(webMessageEntity.getType())
            .step(webMessageEntity.getStep())
            .trigger(webMessageEntity.getTrigger())
            .duration(webMessageEntity.getDuration())
            .position(webMessageEntity.getPosition())
            .isActive(webMessageEntity.isActive())
            .startDate(webMessageEntity.getStartDate())
            .endDate(webMessageEntity.getEndDate())
            .userName(webMessageEntity.getUserName())
            .creationDate(webMessageEntity.getCreationDate())
            .modifiedBy(webMessageEntity.getModifiedBy())
            .modificationDate(webMessageEntity.getModificationDate())
            .translations(this.fromTranslationEntitiesToDTO(webMessageEntity.getTranslations()))
            .build();
}

private List<WebMessageTranslationDTO> fromTranslationEntitiesToDTO(List<WebMessageTranslationEntity> translationEntities) {

    return translationEntities
            .stream()
            .map(translation -> WebMessageTranslationDTO
                    .builder()
                    //.id(translation.getId())
                    .content(translation.getContent())
                    .locale(translation.getLocale())
                    .build())
            .collect(toList());
}


}

堆栈跟踪

org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: NULL not allowed for column     
"MESSAGE_ID"; SQL statement:
insert into web_message_translation (message_translation_id, content,locale, message_id) values (null, ?, ?, ?) [23502-194]
    at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:345)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:179)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:155)
    at org.h2.table.Column.validateConvertUpdateSequence(Column.java:311)
    at org.h2.table.Table.validateConvertUpdateSequence(Table.java:793)
    at org.h2.command.dml.Insert.insertRows(Insert.java:151)
    at org.h2.command.dml.Insert.update(Insert.java:114)
    at org.h2.command.CommandContainer.update(CommandContainer.java:101)
    at org.h2.command.Command.executeUpdate(Command.java:258)
    ...

Table 创建 YAML 文件

- changeSet:
  id: '008-1'
  author: arnau
  comment: 'create table web_message'
  preConditions:
    - onFail: MARK_RAN
    - onFailMessage: 'Table already exists, must be production environment...'
    - not:
      - tableExists:
          tableName: web_message
  changes:
  - createTable:
      tableName: web_message
      columns:
      - column:
          name: WEB_MESSAGE_ID
          type: NUMBER
          autoIncrement: true
          constraints:
            primaryKey: true
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: hotel_ticker
          type: VARCHAR(155)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: color
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: message_type
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: step
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: message_trigger
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: duration
          type: NUMBER
          constraints:
            nullable: true
      - column:
          name: position
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: true
      - column:
          name: is_active
          type: BOOLEAN(1)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: start_date
          type: DATE
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: end_date
          type: DATE
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: user_name
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: creation_date
          type: TIMESTAMP
          constraints:
            nullable: false
      - column:
          name: modified_by
          type: VARCHAR(255)
          constraints:
            nullable: true
      - column:
          name: modification_date
          type: TIMESTAMP
          constraints:
            nullable: true


- changeSet:
      id: '008-2'
      author: arnau
      comment: 'create table web_message_translation'
      preConditions:
        - onFail: MARK_RAN
        - onFailMessage: 'Table already exists, must be production environment...'
        - not:
          - tableExists:
              tableName: web_message_translation
      changes:
      - createTable:
          tableName: web_message_translation
          columns:
          - column:
              name: MESSAGE_TRANSLATION_ID
              type: NUMBER
              autoIncrement: true
              constraints:
                primaryKey: true
                nullable: false
          - column:
              name: locale
              type: VARCHAR(2)
              constraints:
                unique: true
                nullable: false
          - column:
              name: content
              type: VARCHAR(255)
              constraints:
                nullable: false
          - column:
              name: message_id
              type: CHAR(22)
              constraints:
                nullable: false
                references: web_message(WEB_MESSAGE_ID)
                foreignKeyName:     fk_web_message_translation__web_message
  - changeSet:
      id: '008-3'
      author: arnau
      comment: 'Add unique constraint by locale and web_message_id'
      changes:
      - addUniqueconstraint:
        tableName: web_message_translation
        columnNames: locale, message_id
        constraintName: uc_locale__message_id

问题是，当我尝试存储这些实体时，JPA 尝试在列 message_id 中存储具有 NULL 值的实体 webMessageTranslationEntity，显然，这被数据库拒绝了，因为这字段设置为 NOT NULL。

我如何存储具有这些必要条件的实体？

Answer 1

@NotNull
private List<WebMessageTranslationEntity> translations;

这会将外键约束设置为不为空

保持约束并注入持久的 WebMessageEntity
保留约束并注入 none 持久化 WebMessageEntity，但您需要将 WebMessageEntity 端的级联设置为持久化（或全部）
通过删除@NotNull 更改约束

Spring rest + JPA + H2 @ManyToOne 双向关系。无法存储子实体

Spring rest + JPA + H2 @ManyToOne bidirectional relationship. Unable to store child entities

spring

jpa

one-to-many

h2

many-to-one