使用 ggplot2 绘制差异

Question

我有一个这样的 R 数据框（名为 frequency）：

word    author  proportion
a   Radicals    1.679437e-04
aa  Radicals    2.099297e-04
aaa Radicals    2.099297e-05
abbe    Radicals    NA
aboow   Radicals    NA
about   Radicals    NA
abraos  Radicals    NA
ytterst Conservatives   5.581042e-06
yttersta    Conservatives   5.581042e-06
yttra   Conservatives   2.232417e-05
yttrandefrihet  Conservatives   5.581042e-06
yttrar  Conservatives   2.232417e-05

我想使用 ggplot2 绘制文档差异。类似于 this

我有下面的代码，但我的情节最终是空的。

library(scales)
ggplot(frequency, aes(x = proportion, y = `Radicals`, color = abs(`Radicals` - proportion))) +
    geom_abline(color = "gray40", lty = 2) +
    geom_jitter(alpha = 0.1, size = 2.5, width = 0.3, height = 0.3) +
    geom_text(aes(label = word), check_overlap = TRUE, vjust = 1.5) +
  scale_x_log10(labels = percent_format()) +
  scale_y_log10(labels = percent_format()) +
  scale_color_gradient(limits = c(0, 0.001), low = "darkslategray4", high = "gray75") +
  facet_wrap(~author, ncol = 2) +
  theme(legend.position="none") +
  labs(y = "Radicals", x = NULL)

Answer 1

您的绘图最终为空，因为没有列 'Radicals'。如果你想缩小到只有自由基，然后绘制你应该做的事情

 radical_frequecy <- subset(frequency, author == 'Radicals')

那么你可以

 library(scales)
 ggplot(radical_frequency, aes(x = proportion, y = author, color = abs(`Radicals` - proportion))) +
geom_abline(color = "gray40", lty = 2) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.1, size = 2.5, width = 0.3, height = 0.3) +
geom_text(aes(label = word), check_overlap = TRUE, vjust = 1.5) +
   scale_x_log10(labels = percent_format()) +
   scale_y_log10(labels = percent_format()) +
   scale_color_gradient(limits = c(0, 0.001), low = "darkslategray4", high = "gray75") +
   theme(legend.position="none") +
   labs(y = "Radicals", x = NULL)

(我去掉了 facet wrap，因为你已经缩小到 Radicals。你可以把它加回去，然后然后做第一段代码，如果你做了 y=author和 facet_wrap(~author, ncol = 2)

基本上，tl:dr您的错误是由于尝试从变量而不是列创建轴造成的

Answer 2

如果您想做的是绘制一个图表，比较 x 轴上一个 "author"（比如保守党）和一个 "author"（也许是激进派）的频率在 y 轴上，您需要 spread 您的数据框（来自 tidyr 包），以便您可以那样绘制它。

library(tidyverse)
library(scales)

frequency %>%
  spread(author, proportion) %>%
  ggplot(aes(Conservatives, Radicals)) +
  geom_abline(color = "gray40", lty = 2) +
  geom_point() + 
  geom_text(aes(label = word), check_overlap = TRUE, vjust = 1.5) +
  scale_x_log10(labels = percent_format()) +
  scale_y_log10(labels = percent_format())

使用 ggplot2 绘制差异

Plotting differences with ggplot2

r

plot

ggplot2

tidyverse

tidytext