使用可比较或比较器对对象进行降序排序

Question

所以我有一个 Hill 对象，其中包含从 CSV 文件中获取的有关山丘的信息。该文件如下所示：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;



public class Hill implements Comparable<Hill>{
    public static final String CSV_FILE_URL = "HIDDEN";
    public static final String DELIMITER = ",";
    public int number;
    public String name,county;
    public double height,lat,lon;


    public Hill(int number,String name,String county,double height,double lat,double lon){
        this.number = number;
        this.name = name;
        this.county = county;
        this.height = height;
        this.lat = lat;
        this.lon = lon;

    }

    public String toString(){
        return(number + ", " + name + ", " + county + ", " + height + ", " + lat + ", " + lon);
    }

    public static List<Hill> readHills() throws IOException{
        String[] fields = new String[0];
        URL url = new URL(CSV_FILE_URL);
        Scanner input = new Scanner(url.openConnection().getInputStream());
        List<Hill> hillList = new ArrayList<>();
        input.nextLine();
        while(input.hasNextLine()){
            fields = input.nextLine().split(DELIMITER);
            Hill hill = new Hill(Integer.parseInt(fields[0]),fields[1],fields[2],Double.parseDouble(fields[3]),Double.parseDouble(fields[4]),Double.parseDouble(fields[5]));
            hillList.add(hill);

        }

        return hillList;
    }


    @Override
    public int compareTo(Hill o) {
        return this.name.compareTo(o.name);
    }


}

在我的练习中 class 我目前能够使用 Comparable 界面按字母顺序对山丘进行排序。然后我让它打印前 20 个山丘。

现在我希望按高度降序排列山丘列表，以便我可以打印出 20 个最高的山丘。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;

public class Exercise5 {

    public static void exercise5d() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("### Exercise 5D ###");
        List listOfHills = Hill.readHills();
        Collections.sort(listOfHills);
        for(int x=0;x<20;x++){
            System.out.println(listOfHills.get(x));
        }
        System.out.println("");

        //Attempt at reversing
        Comparator<Hill> HillComparator = Collections.reverseOrder();
        Collections.sort(listOfHills,HillComparator);
        for(int x=0;x<20;x++){
            System.out.println(listOfHills.get(x));
        }



    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        exercise5d();
    }
}

Answer 1

这是一个示例，说明如何使用 Comparable 或 Comparator:

/*
**  Use the Collections API to sort a List for you.
**
**  When your class has a "natural" sort order you can implement
**  the Comparable interface.
**
**  You can use an alternate sort order when you implement
**  a Comparator for your class.
*/
import java.util.*;

public class Person implements Comparable<Person>
{
    String name;
    int age;

    public Person(String name, int age)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }

    public int getAge()
    {
        return age;
    }

    public String toString()
    {
        return name + " : " + age;
    }

    /*
    **  Implement the natural order for this class
    */
    public int compareTo(Person p)
    {
        return getName().compareTo(p.getName());
    }

    static class AgeComparator implements Comparator<Person>
    {
        public int compare(Person p1, Person p2)
        {
            return p1.getAge() - p2.getAge();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        List<Person> people = new ArrayList<Person>();
        people.add( new Person("Homer", 38) );
        people.add( new Person("Marge", 35) );
        people.add( new Person("Bart", 15) );
        people.add( new Person("Lisa", 13) );

        // Sort by natural order

        Collections.sort(people);
        System.out.println("Sort by Natural order");
        System.out.println("\t" + people);

        // Sort by reverse natural order

        Collections.sort(people, Collections.reverseOrder());
        System.out.println("Sort by reverse natural order");
        System.out.println("\t" + people);

        //  Use a Comparator to sort by age

        Collections.sort(people, new Person.AgeComparator());
        System.out.println("Sort using Age Comparator");
        System.out.println("\t" + people);

        //  Use a Comparator to sort by descending age

        Collections.sort(people, Collections.reverseOrder(new Person.AgeComparator()));
        System.out.println("Sort using Reverse Age Comparator");
        System.out.println("\t" + people);

        //  Use a Comparator with lambda expression to sort by age

//      Collections.sort(people, (o1, o2) -> o1.getAge() - o2.getAge());
//      Collections.sort(people, Comparator.comparingInt(p -> p.getAge()));
        Collections.sort(people, Comparator.comparingInt(Person::getAge));
        System.out.println("Sort using Lambda Age Comparator");
        System.out.println("\t" + people);
    }
}

所以你只需要为你的 Hill class 在你想要的属性(s) 上实现 Comparator。

Answer 2

你的基本实现Comparable比较的是山的名字，与高度无关

How can I adjust Comparable so that it allows me to sort by name and then by height after?

创建一个新的 Comparator 来实现您需要比较高度的逻辑并将其与 Collections.sort

一起使用

Collections.sort(listOfHills, new Comparator<Hill>() {
    @Override
    public int compare(Hill o1, Hill o2) {
        return o2.height > o1.height ? (o2.height == o1.height ? 0 : 1) : -1;
    }
});

这是我通常不在对象上实现 Comparator 的原因之一，除非它们是与对象比较方式相关的良好业务规则，否则很容易提供一些自定义 Comparators（或允许其他开发人员设计自己的）实现 "common" 算法 - 但那是我

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