virtualbox 中 Windows 8.1 VM 的 Packer ansible provisioner 问题

Question

为了提供有关设置的一些上下文，我正在尝试从我的本地 Macbook 使用 VirtualBox 作为提供程序并使用 Ansible 作为配置程序启动一个 Windows 8.1 (x64) VM 和 Packer。我已经使用 Packer（没有 Ansible provisioner）测试了 Windows 构建，它运行成功。

但是，当我尝试使用 ansible provisioner（不是 ansible-local）时，我无法这样做。我已经按照 ansible 的 packer 文档中指定的方式设置了 Packer 构建：https://www.packer.io/docs/provisioners/ansible.html。我还运行 ConfigureRemotingForAnsible。ps1 在 Windows VM 首次启动时在 http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_windows.html#windows-system-prep 中提到。

我的技术堆栈版本是：

Packer 1.0.0
Ansible 2.3.0.0
Python 2.7.11
pywinrm 0.2.2
VirtualBox 5.1.20

packer.json文件如下

{
  "builders": [
    {
      "type": "virtualbox-iso",
      "iso_url": "{{ user `iso_url` }}",
      "iso_checksum_type": "sha1",
      "iso_checksum": "{{ user `iso_checksum` }}",
      "communicator": "winrm",
      "headless": "{{ user `headless` }}",
      "boot_wait": "9m",
      "winrm_use_ssl": true,
      "winrm_insecure": true,
      "winrm_host": "127.0.0.1",
      "winrm_port": 5986,
      "winrm_username": "packer",
      "winrm_password": "packer",
      "winrm_timeout": "8h",
      "shutdown_command": "shutdown /s /t 10 /f /d p:4:1 /c \"Packer Shutdown\"",
      "guest_os_type": "Windows81_64",
      "guest_additions_mode": "disable",
      "floppy_files": [
        "./answer_files/81/Autounattend.xml",
        "./scripts/enable-winrm.ps1",
        "./scripts/ConfigureRemotingForAnsible.ps1"
      ],
      "vboxmanage": [
        [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--natpf1", "winrm,tcp,,5986,,5986" ],
        [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--memory", "4096" ],
        [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--vram", "32" ],
        [ "modifyvm", "{{.Name}}", "--cpus", "2" ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "provisioners": [
    {
      "type": "ansible",
      "playbook_file": "./provisioner/run-powershell.yml",
      "local_port": "5986",
      "user": "packer",
      "extra_arguments": [
        "-vvvv",
        "--connection", "packer",
        "--extra-vars", "ansible_shell_type=powershell ansible_shell_executable=None"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "post-processors": [
    {
      "type": "vagrant",
      "keep_input_artifact": true,
      "output": "output-formats/windows_81_{{.Provider}}.box",
      "vagrantfile_template": "vagrantfile-windows_81.template"
    }
  ],
  "variables": {
    "headless": "false",
    "iso_checksum": "CHECKSUM_VALUE",
    "iso_url": "/path/to/iso"
  }
}

运行-powershell.yml 剧本是：

# This playbook tests the script module on Windows hosts

- name: Run Ansible play
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - name: Ping windows machine
      win_command: cmd.exe /c powershell -Command "Write-Host 'Hello World!'"
#    - name: Ping windows machine
#      win_ping:
#    - name: Create a file
#      win_file:
#        path: "C:\Windows\Temp\ansible_test.txt"
#        state: touch
#    - name: Run powershell script
#      script: a:\helloworld.ps1

在 packer.log 中看到的错误的最后片段是：

ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: <127.0.0.1> (1, '{"exception":"At C:\\Users\\packer\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\ansible-tmp-1493195766.64-166408222728325\\win_command.ps1:25 char:16\r\n+ $parsed_args = Parse-Args $args $false\r\n+                ~~~~~~~~~~","msg":"The term \u0027Parse-Args\u0027 is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.","failed":true}\r\n', 'OpenSSH_6.9p1, LibreSSL 2.1.8\r\ndebug1: Reading configuration data /Users/mk/.ssh/config\r\ndebug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config\r\ndebug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *\r\ndebug1: auto-mux: Trying existing master\r\ndebug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK\r\ndebug2: mux_client_hello_exchange: master version 4\r\ndebug3: mux_client_forwards: request forwardings: 0 local, 0 remote\r\ndebug3: mux_client_request_session: entering\r\ndebug3: mux_client_request_alive: entering\r\ndebug3: mux_client_request_alive: done pid = 7498\r\ndebug3: mux_client_request_session: session request sent\r\ndebug1: mux_client_request_session: master session id: 2\r\ndebug3: mux_client_read_packet: read header failed: Broken pipe\r\ndebug2: Received exit status from master 1\r\nShared connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.\r\n')[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: The full traceback is:[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: At C:\Users\packer\AppData\Local\Temp\ansible-tmp-1493195766.64-166408222728325\win_command.ps1:25 char:16[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: + $parsed_args = Parse-Args $args $false[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: +                ~~~~~~~~~~[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: fatal: [default]: FAILED! => {[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso:     "changed": false,[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso:     "failed": true,[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso:     "msg": "The term 'Parse-Args' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again."[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: }[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso:  to retry, use: --limit @/Users/mk/Workspace/packer/win81/provisioner/run-powershell.retry[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso:[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso: default                    : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1[0m
ui: [0;32m    virtualbox-iso:[0m
packer: 2017/04/26 18:36:31 shutting down the SSH proxy
packer: 2017/04/26 18:36:31 Executing VBoxManage: []string{"controlvm", "packer-virtualbox-iso-1493195197", "poweroff"}

None ansible windows 任务（在 Windows VM 上作为 .ps1 执行）能够执行，并收到与上述相同的错误（请参阅我的剧本中的注释行）。它们在 Parse-Args cmdlet 上都是错误的，这是一个标准的 Powershell 函数，但由于某种原因在 Windows 8.1 vm 上无法识别。

仅供参考：我还在端口 5985（没有 SSL）上尝试了运行ning winrm，但得到了同样的错误。

我们将不胜感激解决此问题的任何帮助。

Answer 1

遇到了同样的问题。我发现最近版本的 Ansible 有问题。我将我的 Ansible 安装降级到 2.2.0，它按照 Packer 文档的预期工作。

virtualbox 中 Windows 8.1 VM 的 Packer ansible provisioner 问题

Issue with Packer ansible provisioner for Windows 8.1 VM in virtualbox

windows

powershell

packer

winrm

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