uwsgi 无法使用 supervisord 启动，但在命令行中工作正常，为什么？
uwsgi failed to start with supervisord, but work just fine in command line, why?
我在 Debian7 上安装了 Anaconda Python3.6 VPS，并且 uwsgi 是通过 pip[= 安装的51=].
当我用 uwsgi[=51 部署我的 flask 应用程序时一切正常=] 在命令行中使用 .ini 文件：
[uwsgi]
master = true
processes = 1
threads = 1
wsgi-file = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.py
callable = app
http-socket = 0.0.0.0:5050
virtualenv = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
部署成功：
root@server58 envs/p3# uwsgi myApp.ini
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from myApp.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.15 (64bit) on [Wed May 3 21:38:50 2017] ***
compiled with version: 4.7.2 on 25 April 2017 09:17:47
os: Linux-2.6.32-042stab116.1 #1 SMP Wed May 4 16:21:02 MSK 2016
nodename: server58.mainpacket.com
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
detected binary path: /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
your processes number limit is 514887
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 0.0.0.0:5050 fd 3
Python version: 3.6.0 |Anaconda 4.3.0 (64-bit)| (default, Dec 23 2016, 12:22:00) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)]
Set PythonHome to /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x12e22a0
python threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145536 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x12e22a0 pid: 10409 (default app)
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 10409)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 10411, cores: 1)
[pid: 10411|app: 0|req: 1/1] 113.66.169.110 () {34 vars in 680 bytes} [Wed May 3 21:44:00 2017] GET /func2?op1=sdkfh&op2=385 => generated 17 bytes in 2 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 2 headers in 79 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 10411|app: 0|req: 2/2] 113.66.169.110 () {34 vars in 643 bytes} [Wed May 3 21:44:01 2017] GET /favicon.ico => generated 233 bytes in 21 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 2 headers in 72 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
应用正确响应，一切正常。
但是，当我将部署放入 supervisor 并使用以下 .conf 文件时：
[program:myApp]
command = /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/uwsgi
/usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.ini
autostart = true
startsecs = 5
startretries = 3
redirect_stderr = true
stdout_logfile = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/log_file
stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 1MB
stdout_logfile_backup = 5
stopsignal = QUIT
uwsgi 似乎无法启动我的应用程序，日志文件显示：
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.15 (64bit) on [Wed May 3 18:42:14 2017] ***
compiled with version: 4.7.2 on 25 April 2017 09:17:47
os: Linux-2.6.32-042stab116.1 #1 SMP Wed May 4 16:21:02 MSK 2016
nodename: server58.mainpacket.com
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /
detected binary path: /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
your processes number limit is 514887
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 0.0.0.0:5050 fd 3
Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
Python version: 3.6.0 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Dec 23 2016, 12:22:00) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)]
Set PythonHome to /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'
Current thread 0x00007fd6e509a700 (most recent call first):
如果我用gunicorn + supervisor 部署，工作完美。所以我相信这是关于 uwsgi 设置。但是为什么它在命令行中工作正常并且在 supervisor 时失败了？知道如何解决吗？
试验了几种方法，发现是uWSGI工作目录的问题。
首先，您应该在环境中从源代码构建 uWSGI，稍后您将在其中 运行 应用程序。
激活环境，然后
cd path-to-env
wget https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.15.tar.gz
tar -xvzf uwsgi-2.0.15.tar.gz
cd uwsgi-2.0.15
python uwsgiconfig.py --build
确保将 uwsgi 复制或软链接到 /path-to-env/bin 目录，并检查 uWSGI 是否工作。
然后记得在应用程序的.ini文件中添加'chdir'选项。就我而言：
[uwsgi]
master = true
processes = 1
threads = 1
chdir = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
wsgi-file = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.py
callable = app
http-socket = 0.0.0.0:5050
virtualenv = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
在Supervisor中设置服务，一切正常...
PS。如果你在根环境中构建 uwsgi，工作目录应该是 /usr/local/anaconda3 .
我在 Debian7 上安装了 Anaconda Python3.6 VPS，并且 uwsgi 是通过 pip[= 安装的51=].
当我用 uwsgi[=51 部署我的 flask 应用程序时一切正常=] 在命令行中使用 .ini 文件：
[uwsgi]
master = true
processes = 1
threads = 1
wsgi-file = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.py
callable = app
http-socket = 0.0.0.0:5050
virtualenv = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
部署成功：
root@server58 envs/p3# uwsgi myApp.ini
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from myApp.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.15 (64bit) on [Wed May 3 21:38:50 2017] ***
compiled with version: 4.7.2 on 25 April 2017 09:17:47
os: Linux-2.6.32-042stab116.1 #1 SMP Wed May 4 16:21:02 MSK 2016
nodename: server58.mainpacket.com
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
detected binary path: /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
your processes number limit is 514887
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 0.0.0.0:5050 fd 3
Python version: 3.6.0 |Anaconda 4.3.0 (64-bit)| (default, Dec 23 2016, 12:22:00) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)]
Set PythonHome to /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x12e22a0
python threads support enabled
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145536 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x12e22a0 pid: 10409 (default app)
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 10409)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 10411, cores: 1)
[pid: 10411|app: 0|req: 1/1] 113.66.169.110 () {34 vars in 680 bytes} [Wed May 3 21:44:00 2017] GET /func2?op1=sdkfh&op2=385 => generated 17 bytes in 2 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 2 headers in 79 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
[pid: 10411|app: 0|req: 2/2] 113.66.169.110 () {34 vars in 643 bytes} [Wed May 3 21:44:01 2017] GET /favicon.ico => generated 233 bytes in 21 msecs (HTTP/1.1 404) 2 headers in 72 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
应用正确响应，一切正常。 但是，当我将部署放入 supervisor 并使用以下 .conf 文件时：
[program:myApp]
command = /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/uwsgi
/usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.ini
autostart = true
startsecs = 5
startretries = 3
redirect_stderr = true
stdout_logfile = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/log_file
stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 1MB
stdout_logfile_backup = 5
stopsignal = QUIT
uwsgi 似乎无法启动我的应用程序，日志文件显示：
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.15 (64bit) on [Wed May 3 18:42:14 2017] ***
compiled with version: 4.7.2 on 25 April 2017 09:17:47
os: Linux-2.6.32-042stab116.1 #1 SMP Wed May 4 16:21:02 MSK 2016
nodename: server58.mainpacket.com
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
pcre jit disabled
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /
detected binary path: /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/uwsgi
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
your processes number limit is 514887
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 0.0.0.0:5050 fd 3
Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
Python version: 3.6.0 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Dec 23 2016, 12:22:00) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)]
Set PythonHome to /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'
Current thread 0x00007fd6e509a700 (most recent call first):
如果我用gunicorn + supervisor 部署，工作完美。所以我相信这是关于 uwsgi 设置。但是为什么它在命令行中工作正常并且在 supervisor 时失败了？知道如何解决吗？
试验了几种方法，发现是uWSGI工作目录的问题。 首先，您应该在环境中从源代码构建 uWSGI，稍后您将在其中 运行 应用程序。
激活环境，然后
cd path-to-env wget https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.15.tar.gz
tar -xvzf uwsgi-2.0.15.tar.gz
cd uwsgi-2.0.15
python uwsgiconfig.py --build
确保将 uwsgi 复制或软链接到 /path-to-env/bin 目录，并检查 uWSGI 是否工作。
然后记得在应用程序的.ini文件中添加'chdir'选项。就我而言：
[uwsgi]
master = true
processes = 1
threads = 1
chdir = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
wsgi-file = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3/myApp.py
callable = app
http-socket = 0.0.0.0:5050
virtualenv = /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/p3
在Supervisor中设置服务，一切正常...
PS。如果你在根环境中构建 uwsgi，工作目录应该是 /usr/local/anaconda3 .