JPanel 在另一个 JPanel 中调整大小
JPanel sizing inside Another JPanel
我真的需要帮助。我一直在调整添加到主面板的 gameBoardPanel JPanel 的大小时遇到问题。我尝试过的一切，包括调整它的大小都没有帮助，我基本上想将 400x400 的 gameBoardPanel 添加到主面板（这是 400x500），留下 400x100 space 用于其他按钮 e.x return 到菜单等。任何帮助将不胜感激！
谢谢！
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.swing.*;
public class SliderPractice extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private int numberOfRows, mode;
private JPanel gameBoardPanel, menuPanel, main; //create a panel to add to JFRAME
private int emptyIndex; //Variable will track the empty spot
private int moves = 0;
JButton[] buttons, compareButtons;
private JLabel radioButtons, radioButtons1;
private ButtonGroup radioButtonGroup1, radioButtonGroup2;
private JButton start, displayInstructions = new JButton(); //buttons on start panel
private JTextArea title;
private JRadioButton easy, medium, hard, extreme, three, four, five, six; //Radio buttons allow user to only select 1 of 3
public SliderPractice()
{
super("Slider! - By: Michel V.");
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(400,400); //Overall size of grid but window
//is resizable by default. Layout
//Manager takes care of the necessary scaling.
setResizable(false); //set resizable false for menu
menu(); //calling menu
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //when an action is performed
if (e.getSource().equals(start)){ //Start button
startUp(); //starts up game
}
for(int i = 0 ; i < buttons.length; i++) //checks for all the game buttons if any were pressed
{
if(e.getSource() == buttons[i]) //if a specific game button is pressed
{
if(isNextTo(i, emptyIndex)==true) //calling isNextTo to make sure its beside one another
{
swapPieces(i); //if its beside, swap pieces and increase number of moves
moves++;
}
}
}
if(win()){ //if Win == true
int select = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(this, "You won with " + moves + " moves! Play same settings again(Y/N)?\n Or press cancel to exit!");
//Yes clicked - Play again
if (select == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION){
scramble();
moves = 0;
}//no picked, resetGUI!
else if (select == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION){
resetGUI();
}//if Cancel or closed is picked, exit program
else if (select == JOptionPane.CANCEL_OPTION){
System.exit(0);
}
else if (select == JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION){
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
public void gamePanel(int numberRows){
numberOfRows = numberRows;
buttons = new JButton[numberOfRows*numberOfRows]; //Make room for as many buttons as needed for picked number of Rows
compareButtons = new JButton[numberOfRows*numberOfRows];
Font f = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 22);
Color[] colours = {Color.red, Color.green};
gameBoardPanel = new JPanel();
gameBoardPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(numberOfRows,numberOfRows,5,5)); // 4x4 grid with 5 pixel
// vert/horz dividers
gameBoardPanel.setBackground(Color.white); //Allows empty space to be black
for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) //From i is 0 to 15
{
int colourIndex = 0; //Start with Orange
compareButtons[i] = new JButton("" + i);
buttons[i] = new JButton("" + i); //Constructor sets text on new buttons
buttons[i].setSize(100,100); //Button size, but don't really need this line
//line since we are using Layout Manager
if (numberOfRows %2 ==0){
if (i % 2 == 0) //Alternate orange and white for evens and odds
colourIndex = 1;
if ((i/4)%2 == 0)
colourIndex = 1-colourIndex;
}
else{
if(i % 2 == 0)
colourIndex = 1;
}
buttons[i].setBackground(colours[colourIndex]);
buttons[i].setForeground(Color.white); //Text colour
buttons[i].setFont(f);
buttons[i].addActionListener(this); //Set up ActionListener on each button
gameBoardPanel.add(buttons[i]); //Add buttons to the grid layout of
//gameBoardPanel
}
emptyIndex=(numberOfRows*numberOfRows-1);
buttons[emptyIndex].setVisible(false);
}
public void menu(){
Font f = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 26);
Font t = new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 13);
Color[] colours = {Color.red, Color.green};
/*--- JPanel for Start Menu ---*/
menuPanel = new JPanel();
menuPanel.setLayout(null);
menuPanel.setBackground(colours[0]);
menuPanel.setVisible(true);
//Title
title = new JTextArea("Michel's Slider \n Game!");
title.setLineWrap(true);
title.setWrapStyleWord(true);
title.setBounds(100, 10, 250, 60);
title.setFont(f);
title.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());
title.setBackground(colours[0]);
title.setEditable(false);
title.setEnabled(false);
title.setDisabledTextColor(Color.BLACK);
//Label for radio buttons
radioButtons = new JLabel("Choose the difficulty for this game:");
radioButtons.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 17));
radioButtons.setBounds(50, 155, 400, 20);
//Radio buttons to select picture to play with
easy = new JRadioButton("Easy");
easy.setBackground(colours[0]);
easy.setBounds(15, 178, 100, 20);
easy.setActionCommand("Mode 1");
easy.setFont(t);
easy.setSelected(true); //Default selection
medium = new JRadioButton("Medium");
medium.setBackground(colours[0]);
medium.setBounds(120, 178, 100, 20);
medium.setFont(t);
hard = new JRadioButton("Hard");
hard.setBackground(colours[0]);
hard.setBounds(215, 178, 100, 20);
hard.setFont(t);
extreme = new JRadioButton("Extreme");
extreme.setBackground(colours[0]);
extreme.setBounds(310, 178, 100, 20);
extreme.setFont(t);
//Add radio buttons to a group
radioButtonGroup1 = new ButtonGroup();
radioButtonGroup1.add(easy);
radioButtonGroup1.add(medium);
radioButtonGroup1.add(hard);
radioButtonGroup1.add(extreme);
radioButtons1 = new JLabel("Choose the size for this game:");
radioButtons1.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 17));
radioButtons1.setBounds(68, 100, 400, 20);
//Radio buttons to select picture to play with
three = new JRadioButton("3x3");
three.setBackground(colours[0]);
three.setBounds(15, 124, 110, 20);
three.setActionCommand("Mode 1");
three.setFont(t);
three.setSelected(true); //Default selection
four = new JRadioButton("4x4");
four.setBackground(colours[0]);
four.setBounds(120, 124, 100, 20);
four.setFont(t);
five = new JRadioButton("5x5");
five.setBackground(colours[0]);
five.setBounds(215, 124, 100, 20);
five.setFont(t);
six = new JRadioButton("6x6");
six.setBackground(colours[0]);
six.setBounds(310, 124, 100, 20);
six.setFont(t);
//Add radio buttons to a group
radioButtonGroup2 = new ButtonGroup();
radioButtonGroup2.add(three);
radioButtonGroup2.add(four);
radioButtonGroup2.add(five);
radioButtonGroup2.add(six);
//Start game button
start = new JButton("Start Game");
start.addActionListener(this);
start.setBounds(110, 290, 170, 35);
start.setBackground(colours[1]);
start.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 22));
//Instructions button
displayInstructions = new JButton("Instructions");
displayInstructions.addActionListener(this);
displayInstructions.setBounds(130, 335, 130, 20);
displayInstructions.setBackground(colours[1]);
displayInstructions.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 17));
//Add components to start panel
menuPanel.add(start);
menuPanel.add(displayInstructions);
menuPanel.add(title);
menuPanel.add(easy);
menuPanel.add(medium);
menuPanel.add(hard);
menuPanel.add(extreme);
menuPanel.add(radioButtons);
menuPanel.add(three);
menuPanel.add(four);
menuPanel.add(five);
menuPanel.add(six);
menuPanel.add(radioButtons1);
/*--- End Start Menu JPanel ---*/
add(menuPanel);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SliderPractice(); //Run constructor for class
}
private void swapPieces(int btnIndex) //Send along button that was pushed
{
buttons[emptyIndex].setText(buttons[btnIndex].getText()); //Move over text
//to blank button
buttons[btnIndex].setVisible(false); //Turn off visibility of button that was pushed
//and background will show through as black
buttons[emptyIndex].setVisible(true);//Turn on visibility of the old blank button
emptyIndex = btnIndex; //Update the emptyIndex to the button that was
//pushed.
}
private boolean isNextTo(int choice, int blankButton)
{
if(choice/numberOfRows==blankButton/numberOfRows){
if(Math.abs(choice-blankButton)==1) return true;
}
else if(Math.abs(choice/numberOfRows-blankButton/numberOfRows)==1) {
if(Math.abs(choice-blankButton)==numberOfRows) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private boolean win()
{
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) //From i is 0 to 15
{
if(buttons[i].getText().equals(compareButtons[i].getText()))
{
count++;
}
else{
break;
}
}
if (count == (numberOfRows*numberOfRows-1))
return true;
else
return false;
}
private void scramble()
{
int s = 0;
int g;
int max = (int) Math.pow(numberOfRows, mode);
while (s<max)
{
g = (int) ((Math.random()*(numberOfRows*numberOfRows))-1);
if(isNextTo(g, emptyIndex)==true)
{
swapPieces(g);
s++;
}
}
}
private void startUp(){
int size = 0;
//Set image on button according to radio button selection
if (three.isSelected()){
size = 3;
}
else if (four.isSelected()){
size = 4;
}
else if (five.isSelected()){
size = 5;
}
else if (six.isSelected()){
size = 6;
}
if (easy.isSelected()){
mode = 2;
}
else if (medium.isSelected()){
mode = 3;
}
else if (hard.isSelected()){
mode = 4;
}
else if (extreme.isSelected()){
mode = 5;
}
gamePanel(size);
setSize(400, 500);
gameBoardPanel.setEnabled(false);
//Switch panels from start panel to main panel
main = new JPanel();
menuPanel.setVisible(false);
remove(menuPanel);
main.add(gameBoardPanel);
main.setSize(400, 400);
main.setBackground(Color.white);
add(main);
setResizable(true);
//Shuffle Pieces
scramble();
}
private void resetGUI(){
numberOfRows = 0;
moves = 0;
emptyIndex = 0;
setResizable(false);
setSize(400,400);
remove(gameBoardPanel);
add(menuPanel);
menu();
mode = 0;
}
}
真的很难理解你想要达到的目标。你想为底部的哪些按钮腾出空间？？屏幕应该是什么样子？
无论如何，我认为您应该使用不同的面板和布局管理器来解决您的问题，而我认为最能帮助您的是 BorderLayout。
如果您希望您的 gameBoardPanel 在游戏开始时完全适合 window，您可以在 startUp() 方法的末尾将代码更改为如下内容：
//Switch panels from start panel to main panel
main = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
menuPanel.setVisible(false);
remove(menuPanel);
main.add(gameBoardPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
JPanel buttonsPanel = new JPanel();
buttonsPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400, 100));
main.add(buttonsPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
从您的代码来看，很明显您还没有阅读布局管理器教程。根据您的描述，您几乎肯定想要使用 BorderLayout，将您的游戏面板放在 CENTER 中，将您的按钮面板放在 SOUTH 中。
CENTER 位置的组件全部留在 space 上，SOUTH 位置的组件获得其首选高度，但占用所有可用宽度。
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/layout/border.html
我真的需要帮助。我一直在调整添加到主面板的 gameBoardPanel JPanel 的大小时遇到问题。我尝试过的一切，包括调整它的大小都没有帮助，我基本上想将 400x400 的 gameBoardPanel 添加到主面板（这是 400x500），留下 400x100 space 用于其他按钮 e.x return 到菜单等。任何帮助将不胜感激！
谢谢！
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.swing.*;
public class SliderPractice extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private int numberOfRows, mode;
private JPanel gameBoardPanel, menuPanel, main; //create a panel to add to JFRAME
private int emptyIndex; //Variable will track the empty spot
private int moves = 0;
JButton[] buttons, compareButtons;
private JLabel radioButtons, radioButtons1;
private ButtonGroup radioButtonGroup1, radioButtonGroup2;
private JButton start, displayInstructions = new JButton(); //buttons on start panel
private JTextArea title;
private JRadioButton easy, medium, hard, extreme, three, four, five, six; //Radio buttons allow user to only select 1 of 3
public SliderPractice()
{
super("Slider! - By: Michel V.");
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(400,400); //Overall size of grid but window
//is resizable by default. Layout
//Manager takes care of the necessary scaling.
setResizable(false); //set resizable false for menu
menu(); //calling menu
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //when an action is performed
if (e.getSource().equals(start)){ //Start button
startUp(); //starts up game
}
for(int i = 0 ; i < buttons.length; i++) //checks for all the game buttons if any were pressed
{
if(e.getSource() == buttons[i]) //if a specific game button is pressed
{
if(isNextTo(i, emptyIndex)==true) //calling isNextTo to make sure its beside one another
{
swapPieces(i); //if its beside, swap pieces and increase number of moves
moves++;
}
}
}
if(win()){ //if Win == true
int select = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(this, "You won with " + moves + " moves! Play same settings again(Y/N)?\n Or press cancel to exit!");
//Yes clicked - Play again
if (select == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION){
scramble();
moves = 0;
}//no picked, resetGUI!
else if (select == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION){
resetGUI();
}//if Cancel or closed is picked, exit program
else if (select == JOptionPane.CANCEL_OPTION){
System.exit(0);
}
else if (select == JOptionPane.CLOSED_OPTION){
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
public void gamePanel(int numberRows){
numberOfRows = numberRows;
buttons = new JButton[numberOfRows*numberOfRows]; //Make room for as many buttons as needed for picked number of Rows
compareButtons = new JButton[numberOfRows*numberOfRows];
Font f = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 22);
Color[] colours = {Color.red, Color.green};
gameBoardPanel = new JPanel();
gameBoardPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(numberOfRows,numberOfRows,5,5)); // 4x4 grid with 5 pixel
// vert/horz dividers
gameBoardPanel.setBackground(Color.white); //Allows empty space to be black
for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) //From i is 0 to 15
{
int colourIndex = 0; //Start with Orange
compareButtons[i] = new JButton("" + i);
buttons[i] = new JButton("" + i); //Constructor sets text on new buttons
buttons[i].setSize(100,100); //Button size, but don't really need this line
//line since we are using Layout Manager
if (numberOfRows %2 ==0){
if (i % 2 == 0) //Alternate orange and white for evens and odds
colourIndex = 1;
if ((i/4)%2 == 0)
colourIndex = 1-colourIndex;
}
else{
if(i % 2 == 0)
colourIndex = 1;
}
buttons[i].setBackground(colours[colourIndex]);
buttons[i].setForeground(Color.white); //Text colour
buttons[i].setFont(f);
buttons[i].addActionListener(this); //Set up ActionListener on each button
gameBoardPanel.add(buttons[i]); //Add buttons to the grid layout of
//gameBoardPanel
}
emptyIndex=(numberOfRows*numberOfRows-1);
buttons[emptyIndex].setVisible(false);
}
public void menu(){
Font f = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 26);
Font t = new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 13);
Color[] colours = {Color.red, Color.green};
/*--- JPanel for Start Menu ---*/
menuPanel = new JPanel();
menuPanel.setLayout(null);
menuPanel.setBackground(colours[0]);
menuPanel.setVisible(true);
//Title
title = new JTextArea("Michel's Slider \n Game!");
title.setLineWrap(true);
title.setWrapStyleWord(true);
title.setBounds(100, 10, 250, 60);
title.setFont(f);
title.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());
title.setBackground(colours[0]);
title.setEditable(false);
title.setEnabled(false);
title.setDisabledTextColor(Color.BLACK);
//Label for radio buttons
radioButtons = new JLabel("Choose the difficulty for this game:");
radioButtons.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 17));
radioButtons.setBounds(50, 155, 400, 20);
//Radio buttons to select picture to play with
easy = new JRadioButton("Easy");
easy.setBackground(colours[0]);
easy.setBounds(15, 178, 100, 20);
easy.setActionCommand("Mode 1");
easy.setFont(t);
easy.setSelected(true); //Default selection
medium = new JRadioButton("Medium");
medium.setBackground(colours[0]);
medium.setBounds(120, 178, 100, 20);
medium.setFont(t);
hard = new JRadioButton("Hard");
hard.setBackground(colours[0]);
hard.setBounds(215, 178, 100, 20);
hard.setFont(t);
extreme = new JRadioButton("Extreme");
extreme.setBackground(colours[0]);
extreme.setBounds(310, 178, 100, 20);
extreme.setFont(t);
//Add radio buttons to a group
radioButtonGroup1 = new ButtonGroup();
radioButtonGroup1.add(easy);
radioButtonGroup1.add(medium);
radioButtonGroup1.add(hard);
radioButtonGroup1.add(extreme);
radioButtons1 = new JLabel("Choose the size for this game:");
radioButtons1.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 17));
radioButtons1.setBounds(68, 100, 400, 20);
//Radio buttons to select picture to play with
three = new JRadioButton("3x3");
three.setBackground(colours[0]);
three.setBounds(15, 124, 110, 20);
three.setActionCommand("Mode 1");
three.setFont(t);
three.setSelected(true); //Default selection
four = new JRadioButton("4x4");
four.setBackground(colours[0]);
four.setBounds(120, 124, 100, 20);
four.setFont(t);
five = new JRadioButton("5x5");
five.setBackground(colours[0]);
five.setBounds(215, 124, 100, 20);
five.setFont(t);
six = new JRadioButton("6x6");
six.setBackground(colours[0]);
six.setBounds(310, 124, 100, 20);
six.setFont(t);
//Add radio buttons to a group
radioButtonGroup2 = new ButtonGroup();
radioButtonGroup2.add(three);
radioButtonGroup2.add(four);
radioButtonGroup2.add(five);
radioButtonGroup2.add(six);
//Start game button
start = new JButton("Start Game");
start.addActionListener(this);
start.setBounds(110, 290, 170, 35);
start.setBackground(colours[1]);
start.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 22));
//Instructions button
displayInstructions = new JButton("Instructions");
displayInstructions.addActionListener(this);
displayInstructions.setBounds(130, 335, 130, 20);
displayInstructions.setBackground(colours[1]);
displayInstructions.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", Font.BOLD, 17));
//Add components to start panel
menuPanel.add(start);
menuPanel.add(displayInstructions);
menuPanel.add(title);
menuPanel.add(easy);
menuPanel.add(medium);
menuPanel.add(hard);
menuPanel.add(extreme);
menuPanel.add(radioButtons);
menuPanel.add(three);
menuPanel.add(four);
menuPanel.add(five);
menuPanel.add(six);
menuPanel.add(radioButtons1);
/*--- End Start Menu JPanel ---*/
add(menuPanel);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SliderPractice(); //Run constructor for class
}
private void swapPieces(int btnIndex) //Send along button that was pushed
{
buttons[emptyIndex].setText(buttons[btnIndex].getText()); //Move over text
//to blank button
buttons[btnIndex].setVisible(false); //Turn off visibility of button that was pushed
//and background will show through as black
buttons[emptyIndex].setVisible(true);//Turn on visibility of the old blank button
emptyIndex = btnIndex; //Update the emptyIndex to the button that was
//pushed.
}
private boolean isNextTo(int choice, int blankButton)
{
if(choice/numberOfRows==blankButton/numberOfRows){
if(Math.abs(choice-blankButton)==1) return true;
}
else if(Math.abs(choice/numberOfRows-blankButton/numberOfRows)==1) {
if(Math.abs(choice-blankButton)==numberOfRows) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private boolean win()
{
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) //From i is 0 to 15
{
if(buttons[i].getText().equals(compareButtons[i].getText()))
{
count++;
}
else{
break;
}
}
if (count == (numberOfRows*numberOfRows-1))
return true;
else
return false;
}
private void scramble()
{
int s = 0;
int g;
int max = (int) Math.pow(numberOfRows, mode);
while (s<max)
{
g = (int) ((Math.random()*(numberOfRows*numberOfRows))-1);
if(isNextTo(g, emptyIndex)==true)
{
swapPieces(g);
s++;
}
}
}
private void startUp(){
int size = 0;
//Set image on button according to radio button selection
if (three.isSelected()){
size = 3;
}
else if (four.isSelected()){
size = 4;
}
else if (five.isSelected()){
size = 5;
}
else if (six.isSelected()){
size = 6;
}
if (easy.isSelected()){
mode = 2;
}
else if (medium.isSelected()){
mode = 3;
}
else if (hard.isSelected()){
mode = 4;
}
else if (extreme.isSelected()){
mode = 5;
}
gamePanel(size);
setSize(400, 500);
gameBoardPanel.setEnabled(false);
//Switch panels from start panel to main panel
main = new JPanel();
menuPanel.setVisible(false);
remove(menuPanel);
main.add(gameBoardPanel);
main.setSize(400, 400);
main.setBackground(Color.white);
add(main);
setResizable(true);
//Shuffle Pieces
scramble();
}
private void resetGUI(){
numberOfRows = 0;
moves = 0;
emptyIndex = 0;
setResizable(false);
setSize(400,400);
remove(gameBoardPanel);
add(menuPanel);
menu();
mode = 0;
}
}
真的很难理解你想要达到的目标。你想为底部的哪些按钮腾出空间？？屏幕应该是什么样子？
无论如何，我认为您应该使用不同的面板和布局管理器来解决您的问题，而我认为最能帮助您的是 BorderLayout。
如果您希望您的 gameBoardPanel 在游戏开始时完全适合 window，您可以在 startUp() 方法的末尾将代码更改为如下内容：
//Switch panels from start panel to main panel
main = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
menuPanel.setVisible(false);
remove(menuPanel);
main.add(gameBoardPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
JPanel buttonsPanel = new JPanel();
buttonsPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400, 100));
main.add(buttonsPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
从您的代码来看，很明显您还没有阅读布局管理器教程。根据您的描述，您几乎肯定想要使用 BorderLayout，将您的游戏面板放在 CENTER 中，将您的按钮面板放在 SOUTH 中。
CENTER 位置的组件全部留在 space 上，SOUTH 位置的组件获得其首选高度，但占用所有可用宽度。
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/layout/border.html