单元测试 void 方法：验证参数

Question

我正在为我的程序创建单元测试。我有一个 void 方法，它接受五个参数，然后将这些参数转换为一个闭包并将其传递给另一个服务以将其转换为电子邮件并发送。我唯一关心的是这封电子邮件的正文，它存储在传递给该函数的参数之一中。是否可以在不更改程序设计的情况下验证此论点？

我考虑过使用 Spock 风格的模拟，但我无法确定我是否真的可以 mock/stub 在我的规范测试 class 中输出方法，或者我是否只能模拟依赖项。

一个简化的例子

Class myTestService
{
    def outsideService
    private void sendEmail (User source, String subj, String body, List to, List attachments){
       outsideService.sendMail{
           //blah blah
           subject subj
           html wrapWithDefault(body) //wrapWithDefault is a big styling document also in this function
           //blah blah
           }
       }

int send(GrailsParameterMap params, HttpServletRequest request) {
      //Parse out attachments from request and body/subject/addressee from params
      //little bit of business logic to ensure that we can send emails in our system
      sendEmail(source,
                subject,
                "$body <br /><br /> important extra information", 
                sendTo,
                attachments)

      //Send another email to the source as a receipt
      sendEmail(source,
                subject,
                "$body extra junk $receiptBody",
                source,
                attachments)
   }

}

我需要查明收据是否正确添加了 receiptBody。考虑到我要向 outsideService 发送一个闭包，很难从中删除变量，所以我有点不知所措。

编辑：为了回应下面的回答，我在我的测试中插入了一个 spock 风格的模拟，但我认为我的语义不正确，因为值正在存储 null。 void "#value 包含 #params.body"() { 给定：

   //def params, request, filling in all necessary values

   def value
   def mailServiceMock = Mock(MailService)
   mailServiceMock.sendMail(*_) >> {closure ->
        closure.delegate = new Expando(
            multipart:{},
            from: {},
            subject: {},
            html: {value = it}
            bcc: {}
            )
        closure()
   }
   //inform service of mock
   service.mailService = mailServiceMock

   when:
       service.send(params, request)
   then:
   println("value = $value")
   1 * mailServiceMock.sendMail(*_) // this should fail, since this should be called twice, but one thing at a time.
   value.contains(params.body)

   }

值显示为空。有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

您可以模拟您的服务。

这是一个非常简单的脚本，它模拟 outsideService 以将 html 方法中接收到的值存储在脚本变量中。你应该去Spock/JUnit/YouNameIt整理一下。

class MyTestService
{
    def outsideService
    private void sendEmail (source, String subj, String body, List to, List attachments){
       outsideService.sendMail{
           subject subj
           html "<body>$body</body>"
       }
   }
}


myTest = new MyTestService()

def body
myTest.outsideService = [sendMail: { closure ->
  closure.delegate = new Expando(
    subject: { }, //don't care
    html: { body = it }
  )
  closure()
}]

myTest.sendEmail(null, 'my subject', 'my email body', null, null) 
assert '<body>my email body</body>' == body

单元测试 void 方法：验证参数

Unit testing a void method: verifying arguments

unit-testing

grails

groovy

spock

一个简化的例子