Java Selenium Webdriver 连接被拒绝

Question

我在 selenium webdriver 上遇到了非常常见的连接被拒绝错误。几周前正在执行相同的代码。

我一直在循环阅读现有帖子，并尝试更新 geckodriver 和 FireFox，但无济于事。我可以运行在另一台计算机上使用相同的代码运行使用相同版本的驱动程序、浏览器和库等。如何找到特定于这台机器的原因？错误如下。

调试 1 调试 2 调试 3

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:28379 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown' System info: host: 'LT9LTDRC2', ip: '10.130.3.15', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_131' Driver info: driver.version: Gecko_Driver  
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:91)  
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:637)     
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:250)    
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:236)    
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:137)  
at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:191)     at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:108)     at org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver.<init>(FirefoxDriver.java:137)     at seleniumPrograms.Gecko_Driver.main(Gecko_Driver.java:13) 
Caused by: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to localhost:28379 [localhost/127.0.0.1, localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1] failed: Connection refused: connect   
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:159)  
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:359)    
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:381)    
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:237)   at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:185)   at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:89)  
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:111)   at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:185)    
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:72)     
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:56)     
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.fallBackExecute(ApacheHttpClient.java:139)  
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient.execute(ApacheHttpClient.java:87)   
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:343)   
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:159)   
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:142)     
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:82)  ... 8 more 
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect   
at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.waitForConnect(Native Method)  
at java.net.DualStackPlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Unknown Source) 
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(Unknown Source)   
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(Unknown Source)    
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)     
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)     
at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)     
at java.net.Socket.connect(Unknown Source)  
at org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainConnectionSocketFactory.java:75)     
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:142)  ... 23 more

我得到了这个运行甚至下面的基本代码。

enter code here
package seleniumPrograms;
    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
    import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
    import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

    public class Gecko_Driver {
        public static void main(String[] args)  {
             System.out.println("Debug 1");
             DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
             System.out.println("Debug 2");
             capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);
             System.out.println("Debug 3");
             WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
             System.out.println("Debug 4");
             driver.get("http://www.google.com");

             driver.manage().window().maximize();  
             driver.quit();
        }
 }

示例chrome。

@Test
        public void testGoogleSearch() throws InterruptedException {
          // Optional, if not specified, WebDriver will search your path for chromedriver.
          System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe");

          WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
          driver.get("http://www.google.com/xhtml");
          Thread.sleep(5000);  // Let the user actually see something!
          WebElement searchBox = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
          searchBox.sendKeys("ChromeDriver");
          searchBox.submit();
          Thread.sleep(5000);  // Let the user actually see something!
          driver.quit();
        }

失败痕迹：

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Timed out waiting for driver server to start. Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown' System info: host: 'LT9LTDRC2', ip: '192.168.1.6', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_131' Driver info: driver.version: Gecko_Driver at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.waitUntilAvailable(DriverService.java:193) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.start(DriverService.java:181) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:78) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:637) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:250) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:236) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.(RemoteWebDriver.java:137) at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.(ChromeDriver.java:184) at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.(ChromeDriver.java:171) at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.(ChromeDriver.java:124) at seleniumPrograms.Gecko_Driver.testGoogleSearch(Gecko_Driver.java:16) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access[=14=]0(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.net.UrlChecker$TimeoutException: Timed out waiting for [http://localhost:31675/status] to be available after 20002 ms at org.openqa.selenium.net.UrlChecker.waitUntilAvailable(UrlChecker.java:107) at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.waitUntilAvailable(DriverService.java:190) ... 33 more Caused by: com.google.common.util.concurrent.UncheckedTimeoutException: java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException at com.google.common.util.concurrent.SimpleTimeLimiter.callWithTimeout(SimpleTimeLimiter.java:140) at org.openqa.selenium.net.UrlChecker.waitUntilAvailable(UrlChecker.java:80) ... 34 more Caused by: java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source) at com.google.common.util.concurrent.SimpleTimeLimiter.callWithTimeout(SimpleTimeLimiter.java:128) ... 35 more

Answer 1

这是您问题的解决方案：

我在你的代码中没有看到任何错误，但错误堆栈跟踪 HttpHostConnectException 说明了一切。

执行以下步骤：

我觉得没有必要使用throws InterruptedException，你可以考虑去掉它。
根据最佳做法，尝试将 geckodriver 放在方便的位置：例如C:\your_directory.
避免将目录名称与 Temp.
虽然你用了DesiredCapabilitiesClass的帮助，但是你启动驱动实例的时候还没有通过。你一定在做：
```
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
```
清除您的 Mozilla Firefox 浏览器缓存。
从 Windows 任务管理器中，手动终止运行ning geckodriver.exe
您可能需要运行 CCleaner 来阻止所有不需要的东西。
重启你的机器。
执行你的测试。它应该很好用。
在测试步骤结束时调用 driver.quit() 以防止 geckodriver 实例悬空。

这是您自己的工作代码块，添加了 System.setProperty 行：

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\your_directory\geckodriver.exe");
System.out.println("Debug 1");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
System.out.println("Debug 2");
capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);
System.out.println("Debug 3");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
System.out.println("Debug 4");
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();  
driver.quit();

如果这对你有帮助，请告诉我。

Answer 2

我们的安全部门引入了一项政策，该政策阻止了对 geckodriver.exe 执行的访问。这是通过从 cmd 尝试运行来识别的。不知道为什么我没有在 gecko 的 IDE（被组策略阻止）中得到有意义的错误，我确实在 chrome 和 IE 中得到这个错误。为了使用驱动程序，它需要保存在程序文件中，尽管这可能特定于我的情况。如果您收到 Geckodriver 的此错误，我建议您尝试从 cmd 执行它以查看是否存在政策问题。

Answer 3

我在这里遇到了同样的错误。系统重启后，代码工作正常。我的问题是我的代码在最后留下了一些进程，并且它们使用了大量的 RAM。尝试运行宁:

pkill geckodriver
pkill firefox
pkill selenium

然后运行再次输入您的代码。

Java Selenium Webdriver 连接被拒绝

Java Selenium Webdriver Connection Refused

java

selenium

selenium-webdriver

connection-refused

geckodriver