使用 rspec 测试服务对象作业

Question

我有以下工作：

class Test::MooJob < ApplicationJob
  queue_as :onboarding

  def perform
     avariable = Test::AragornService.build("a").call
     if avariable.status == true
        puts "job succeeded"
     end
  end
end

服务如下所示：

module Test
  class AragornService

    def self.build(x)
      self.new(x)
    end

    def initialize(x)
      @x = x
    end

    def call
      10.times do
        Rails.logger.info @x
      end

      return ServiceResult.new :status => true, :message => "Service Complete", :data => @x

    rescue => e
      Bugsnag.notify(e, :context => 'service')
      return ServiceResult.new :status => false, :message => "Error occurred - #{e.message}"
    end

  end
end

我正在尝试使用以下规范对其进行测试：

# bundle exec rspec spec/jobs/test/moo_job_spec.rb
require "rails_helper"

describe Test::MooJob do
  subject(:job) { described_class.perform_later }
  subject(:job_now) { described_class.perform_now }

  let(:key) { "a" }

  it 'queues the job' do
    ActiveJob::Base.queue_adapter = :test
    expect { job }.to have_enqueued_job(described_class)
      .on_queue("onboarding")
  end

  it 'calls the aragorn service once' do
    allow(Test::AragornService.new(key)).to receive(:call).and_return(ServiceResult.new(:status => true))
    expect_any_instance_of(Test::AragornService).to receive(:call).exactly(1).times
    job_now
  end

end

为什么变量值保持 returning nil 我收到以下错误 "undefined method `status' for nil:NilClass"

然而，当我 return 一个简单的布尔值时，

allow(Test::AragornService.new(key)).to receive(:call).and_return(true)

它将变量值设置为真

这是服务结果 class:

class ServiceResult
  attr_reader :status, :message, :data, :errors

  def initialize(status:, message: nil, data: nil, errors: [])
    @status = status
    @message = message
    @data = data
    @errors = errors
  end

  def success?
    status == true
  end

  def failure?
    !success?
  end

  def has_data?
    data.present?
  end

  def has_errors?
    errors.present? && errors.length > 0
  end

  def to_s
    "#{success? ? 'Success!' : 'Failure!'} - #{message} - #{data}"
  end

end

Answer 1

这是因为您只是在您的规范中对 Test::AragornService 的不相关实例设置期望：

allow(Test::AragornService.new(key)).to  
   receive(:call).and_return(ServiceResult.new(:status => true))

这不会影响 Test::AragornService.build

创建的实例

class Test::MooJob < ApplicationJob
  queue_as :onboarding

  def perform
     avariable = Test::AragornService.build("a").call
     if avariable.status == true
        puts "job succeeded"
     end
  end
end

你可以通过将 Test::AragornService.build 存入 return 来解决这个问题：

double = instance_double("Test::AragornService")
allow(double).to receive(:call).and_return(ServiceResult.new(status: true))

# bundle exec rspec spec/jobs/test/moo_job_spec.rb
require "rails_helper"

describe Test::MooJob do
  let(:perform_later) { described_class.perform_later }
  let(:perform_now ) { described_class.perform_now }
  let(:service) { instance_double("Test::AragornService") }

  before do
     # This injects our double instead when the job calls Test::AragornService.build
     allow(Test::AragornService).to receive(:build).and_return(service)
  end

  it 'queues the job' do
    # this should be done in `rails_helper.rb` or `config/environments/test.rb` not in the spec!
    ActiveJob::Base.queue_adapter = :test
    expect { perform_later }.to have_enqueued_job(described_class)
      .on_queue("onboarding")
  end

  it 'calls the aragorn service once' do
    expect(service).to receive(:call).and_return(ServiceResult.new(status: true))
    perform_now
  end
end

使用 rspec 测试服务对象作业

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