Android 单元测试运行所有 class 测试失败但每个方法运行成功

Question

请帮助我，当我运行所有 class 测试方法在一起时，测试在一个方法中失败，尽管这个方法当我运行它单独成功时

public class RealEstatesListPresenterTest {
RealEstatesListPresenter mRealEstatesListPresenter;
@Mock
private RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness;
@Mock
private RealEstatesListContract.View mRealEstatesView;

@BeforeClass
public static void setUpClass() {
    RxAndroidPlugins.setInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler(__ -> Schedulers.trampoline());
}

@Before
public void setupTasksPresenter() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter = new RealEstatesListPresenter(mRealEstatesView);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.setmRealEstateListBusiness(mRealEstateListBusiness);
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstates_ProgressISDisplayed() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).showLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesSuccess_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onError(new Throwable());
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@AfterClass
public static void tearDownClass() {
    RxAndroidPlugins.reset();
}}

当我运行所有测试一起进行时，前两种方法通过但最后一种方法失败（testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ProgressISHidden）但是当我运行它单独通过时。

这是主持人代码

public class RealEstatesListPresenter implements RealEstatesListContract.Presenter {

private RealEstatesListContract.View mView;
private RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness;
private CompositeDisposable mSubscriptions;

@Inject
public RealEstatesListPresenter(RealEstatesListContract.View view) {
    this.mView = view;
    mSubscriptions = new CompositeDisposable();
}

@Inject
public void setmRealEstateListBusiness(RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness) {
    this.mRealEstateListBusiness = mRealEstateListBusiness;
}

@Inject
public void setupListeners() {
    mView.setPresenter(this);
}

@Override
public void unSubscribe() {
    mSubscriptions.clear();
}

@Override
public void getAllRealEstates() {
    mView.showLoading();
    mSubscriptions.add(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates().observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.
            mainThread()).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()).subscribe((realEstatesItems) -> {
        mView.hideLoading();
        mView.showAllRealEstates(realEstatesItems);
    }, throwable -> {
        mView.hideLoading();
        mView.showErrorMessage(throwable.getMessage());
    }));
}

}

Answer 1

我不确定代码本身但是如果每次测试运行成功，如果你的运行它只如果是运行其他测试

，则失败

然后一个测试用例可能会破坏其他测试用例，如果它们共享一些数据，运行在相同的上下文中或访问相同的数据库、缓存、文件或任何存储库每个测试用例应该运行成功而不依赖于其他测试用例

当你使用 Mockito 时，似乎是它的上下文问题您应该在每个测试用例上重置模拟对象（即在@Before 中） Mockito 提供了重置方法 Mockito.reset(mRealEstatesView);

问题是 mockito 会计算所有测试用例中该对象的所有点击次数，因此您应该在每个测试用例之前重置它

Answer 2

我在 RX Schedulers 中发现了问题发生此错误是因为 AndroidSchedulers.mainThread() 返回的默认调度程序是 LooperScheduler 的一个实例，并且依赖于 JUnit 测试中不可用的 Android 依赖项。

我们可以通过在测试运行之前用不同的调度程序初始化 RxAndroid 插件来避免这个问题。您可以在 @BeforeClass 内部执行此操作，因此最终的 class 将像这样

public class RealEstatesListPresenterTest {
private RealEstatesListPresenter mRealEstatesListPresenter;
@Mock
private RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness;
@Mock
private RealEstatesListContract.View mRealEstatesView;

@BeforeClass
public static void setUpClass() {
    Scheduler immediate = new Scheduler() {
        @Override
        public Worker createWorker() {
            return new ExecutorScheduler.ExecutorWorker(Runnable::run);
        }
    };

    RxJavaPlugins.setInitIoSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxJavaPlugins.setInitComputationSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxJavaPlugins.setInitNewThreadSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxJavaPlugins.setInitSingleSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxAndroidPlugins.setInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);    }

@Before
public void setupTasksPresenter() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter = new RealEstatesListPresenter(mRealEstatesView);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.setmRealEstateListBusiness(mRealEstateListBusiness);
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstates_ProgressISDisplayed() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).showLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesSuccess_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onError(new Throwable());
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ErrorMessageDisplayed() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onError(new Throwable(""));
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).showErrorMessage("");
}

@After
public void teardown() {
    Mockito.reset(mRealEstateListBusiness);
    Mockito.reset(mRealEstatesView);
    Mockito.validateMockitoUsage();
}

@AfterClass
public static void tearDownClass() {
    RxJavaPlugins.reset();
    RxAndroidPlugins.reset();    }}

Answer 3

您可以使用 Android Test Orchestrator。如您所见here

When using AndroidJUnitRunner version 1.0 or higher, you have access to a tool called Android Test Orchestrator, which allows you to run each of your app's tests within its own invocation of Instrumentation.

将其添加到您的项目中：

添加对 build.gradle (:app) 文件的依赖：

androidTestUtil "androidx.test:orchestrator:1.2.0"

将以下代码添加到您的测试选项中：

testOptions { execution 'ANDROIDX_TEST_ORCHESTRATOR' }

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