CLisp：将字符串编码设置为 UTF-8

Question

我有一段代码：

; Palatal Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "ɲ")
                    '(:plosive "c") '(:plosive "ɟ")
                    '(:fricative "ç") '(:fricative "ʝ")
                    '(:approximant "j")
                    '(:lateral-fricative "ʎ̥˔")
                    '(:lateral-approximant "ʎ")
                    '(:lateral-flap "ʎ̯") ) do
    (add-sound :palatal (car e) (cadr e)))

我有很多关于所有 IPA 符号的位，这不是问题所在。

但是，尝试运行我的代码出现此错误：

SYSTEM::STRING-READER: Invalid byte #x90 in CHARSET:CP1252 conversion

这很好，除了我无法在脚本文件中找到一种方法来告诉 CLisp 我正在以 UTF-8 格式键入字符串，并且我希望它以 UTF-8 格式读取并打印它们。

如何在全局范围内永久设置 UTF-8。我的想法与 Ruby 的 # encoding: utf-8

类似

具体来说，我使用的是 CLisp 2.48。

编辑：

这是导致问题的文件的完整源列表：

(defstruct sound place means sym)
(defparameter $sounds nil)
(defun add-sound (place means sym)
  (setf $sounds (append $sounds (list (make-sound :place place :means means :sym sym)))))
; There are alot of IPA symbols, so we'll add them column by column.
; The first column is the Bilabial Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                  '(:nasal "m") '(:plosive "p")
                  '(:plosive "b") '(:fricative "ɸ")
                  '(:fricative "β") '(:trill "ʙ")
                  '(:flap "ⱱ̟") ) do
  (add-sound :bilabial (car e) (cadr e)))
; Labiodental Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "ɱ") '(:plosive "p̪")
                    '(:plosive "b̪") '(:fricative "f")
                    '(:fricative "v") '(:approximant "ʋ")
                    '(:flap "ⱱ") ) do
    (add-sound :labiodental (car e) (cadr e)))
; Dental Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "n̪")
                    '(:plosive "t̪") '(:plosive "d̪")
                    '(:fricative "θ") '(:fricative "ð") ) do
    (add-sound :dental (car e) (cadr e)))
; Alveolar Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "n")
                    '(:plosive "t") '(:plosive "d")
                    '(:fricative "s") '(:fricative "z")
                    '(:trill "r")
                    '(:flap "ɾ")
                    '(:lateral-fricative "ɬ") '(:lateral-fricative "ɮ")
                    '(:lateral-approximant "l")
                    '(:lateral-flap "ɺ") ) do
    (add-sound :alveolar (car e) (cadr e)))
; Palato-Alveolar Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:fricative "ʃ") '(:fricative "ʒ")
                    '(:approximant "ɹ") ) do
    (add-sound :palato-alveolar (car e) (cadr e)))
; Retroflex Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "ɳ")
                    '(:plosive "ʈ") '(:plosive "ɖ")
                    '(:fricative "ʂ") '(:fricative "ʐ")
                    '(:approximant "ɻ")
                    '(:trill "ɽ͡r")
                    '(:flap "ɽ")
                    '(:lateral-fricative "ɭ˔̊")
                    '(:lateral-approximant "ɭ")
                    '(:lateral-flap "ɺ̢") ) do
    (add-sound :retroflex (car e) (cadr e)))
; Palatal Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "ɲ")
                    '(:plosive "c") '(:plosive "ɟ")
                    '(:fricative "ç") '(:fricative "ʝ")
                    '(:approximant "j")
                    '(:lateral-fricative "ʎ̥˔")
                    '(:lateral-approximant "ʎ")
                    '(:lateral-flap "ʎ̯") ) do
    (add-sound :palatal (car e) (cadr e)))
; Velar Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "ŋ")
                    '(:plosive "k") '(:plosive "ɡ")
                    '(:fricative "x") '(:fricative "ɣ")
                    '(:approximant "ɰ")
                    '(:lateral-fricative "ʟ̝̊")
                    '(:lateral-approximant "ʟ") ) do
    (add-sound :velar (car e) (cadr e)))
; Uvular Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:nasal "ɴ")
                    '(:plosive "q") '(:plosive "ɢ")
                    '(:fricative "χ") '(:fricative "ʁ")
                    '(:trill "ʀ")
                    '(:flap "ɢ̆") ) do
    (add-sound :uvular (car e) (cadr e)))
; Pharyngeal Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:plosive "ʡ")
                    '(:fricative "ħ") '(:fricative "ʕ")
                    '(:trill "ʜ") '(:trill "ʢ")
                    '(:flap "ʡ̯") ) do
    (add-sound :pharyngeal (car e) (cadr e)))
; Glottal Pulmonic Consonants
(loop for e in (list
                    '(:plosive "ʔ")
                    '(:fricative "h") '(:fricative "ɦ") ) do
    (add-sound :glottal (car e) (cadr e)))

Answer 1

总结

或者

使用OS:
- Windows: 如何查看和更改系统区域设置以使用我选择的语言？
- Unix: How to change locale environment variable?
或
运行 CLISP with -E UTF-8 command line argument (clisp.exe -E UTF-8 /path/....), OR
设置default encodings in the init file。注意设置这些变量在你的 lisp 文件中，如果出现错误将NOT帮助，因为到 CLISP读取变量，文件已经以错误的外部格式打开。

CLISP FAQ: What do charset errors mean?

这意味着您正在尝试从具有 ASCII 的字符流中读取（“无效字节”）或写入（“无法表示字符”）非 ASCII 字符 :EXTERNAL-FORMAT. The default is described in -Edomain encoding .

这也可能是由文件系统访问引起的。如果您的文件名称与您的 CUSTOM:*PATHNAME-ENCODING* 不兼容，文件系统访问（例如 DIRECTORY）将 SIGNAL 这个 ERROR。您将需要设置 CUSTOM:*PATHNAME-ENCODING* 或将 -Edomain encoding 传递给 CLISP。使用“1:1”编码，例如 CHARSET:ISO-8859-1，应该可以帮助您避免此错误。

请查看官方网站以获取完整文档。

PS。 You now owe me 10 zorkmids

PPS。您的代码 (list '(...) '(...) ...) 看起来很奇怪，您可能想将其替换为 '((...) (...) ...)。我的意思是，你的作品也一样，只是风格不好。

CLisp：将字符串编码设置为 UTF-8

CLisp: set encoding to UTF-8 for strings

lisp

unicode

clisp

common-lisp

总结

CLISP FAQ: What do charset errors mean?